A Study Of Children & Parent Buying Behaviour With Special Refrence To Financial Savings

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
Afroze Nazneen ◽  
Maqsood Hussain Junaidi ◽  
Rohan Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Buying Behaviour ◽  
The Cost

The present research aims to study the understanding of children's and parents' buying behavior in relation to financial savings. 300 subjects were taken from the age group 8-12 years belonging to middle and upper middle-class income group. The results show that there is no difference in children in the initial stage as well as the parent's initial stage buying behavior but in case of a final stage the difference were found in the decision-making of the parents. Saying no to their children is very difficult for the parents, but the results show that in the initial stage, parents agree to whatever demand created by the children, but when it comes to the fulfillment of the demand they think twice before purchasing any product. As per the result, most of the time they try to avoid it, but any product related to the education, eatables, clothes, etc., parents generally buy for their children without considering the cost of the product. It is also found that a lot depends upon the convincing power of children or the attachment of the children has been seen or judged by the parents with the related product.

scholarly journals Analisis Tipe Perilaku Konsumen Terhadap Keputusan Membeli Produk Teh di Kota Surakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Rina Yuliana ◽  
Joko Sutrisno ◽  
Tria Rosana Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Consumer Involvement ◽  
Purchase Decision ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
The Difference

Based on the results of the research and analysis that has been carried out, it can be seen first that consumer involvement in the tea purchase decision-making process in the Modern Market of Surakarta is high (31,56 > 24). Second, according to consumers in the Surakarta City Modern Market, the difference between tea brands is not real, meaning that consumers do not see much difference between tea brands. Third, the type of tea consumer behavior in modern markets is dissonance, reducing buying behavior. Usually, consumer behavior is meaningful and goal-oriented. Products are accepted or rejected based on the extent to which both are considered relevant to their needs and lifestyle.

scholarly journals Delay Discounting and the Cost of Waiting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Kendra Thompson-Davies
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Delay Discounting ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Delayed Gratification ◽  
Consideration Of Future Consequences ◽  
Alternative Reinforcement ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Future Consequences ◽  
The Cost

<p>If offered $50 now or $100 in a year, many of us will choose $50 now. This occurs because of delay discounting – the idea that reinforcers lose value over time. Individuals tend to display shallower discounting (self-controlled decision-making) in hypothetical discounting tasks, and steeper discounting (impulsive decision-making) in experiential discounting tasks. Hypothetical discounting tasks involve participants making a series of hypothetical monetary decisions (e.g. $50 now versus $100 in a year) over a range of delays. Experiential discounting tasks involve participants experiencing the delays and outcomes of their choices.  A critical difference between hypothetical and experiential discounting tasks is the type of delay they use. Hypothetical discounting task delays typically involve postponing. This involves participants imagining the reward is delivered to them after the delay and that they are free to pursue other activities during the delay. Experiential task delays involve participants waiting out each delay before they receive their reward, (unable access any alternative reinforcement during the delay). Individuals discount more steeply when tested experientially than hypothetically.  Experiment 1 investigated whether waiting and postponing are different discounting constructs. We achieved this via a 2 X 2 within-subjects design where both experiential and hypothetical discounting tasks had both Waiting and Postponing conditions. The hypothetical discounting task involved participants being instructed to imagine waiting for a reward after a delay (Waiting Condition), or imagine the reward would simply be delivered to them after the delay (Postponing Condition). The experiential task involved participants playing a video game that involved having to stop playing and wait for a larger number of points after a delay (Waiting Condition), or playing the game and getting the points delivered after the delay (Postponing Condition). We expected steeper discounting rates when waiting compared to postponing in both the experiential and hypothetical tasks. We found this effect only in the hypothetical task; however, this might be due to our procedure. We randomised the waiting and postponing trials in both tasks and this may have resulted in the participants being unable to discriminate between the interspersed trials.  Experiment 2 investigated whether this methodological feature affected discounting in the experiential task, and we found that blocking the trials resulted in the anticipated effect. We found steeper discounting in both the experiential and hypothetical tasks for waiting compared to postponing after implementing this change, suggesting that waiting and postponing are different constructs. Experiment 3 investigated what drives the difference between waiting and postponing. We found that waiting has a greater effect on reward value than postponing due to the inability to access alternative reinforcement during the delay.  We also investigated the relationships among our discounting measures and a measure of the consideration of future consequences, and a measure of delayed gratification. We found no correlation among discounting and these measures, and no consistent correlation between waiting and postponing. Overall, our results indicated that waiting and postponing are distinct constructs, and that the inability to access alternative reinforcement during a delay is the key difference between them.</p>

scholarly journals Research on Behavior Incentives of Prefabricated Building Component Manufacturers

Information ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 284
Author(s):  
Pinbo Yao ◽  
Hongda Liu
Keyword(s):  
Incremental Cost ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Positive Externalities ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Material Component ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Cost

Based on the positive externalities of prefabricated buildings, this paper constructs an evolutionary game model between the government and material component vendors and analyzes the changes in the behavior of the government and component vendors in different stages of the advancement of prefabricated buildings. Based on data modeling and equation prediction analysis, it can be found that the expansion of the incremental cost of construction at the initial stage inhibits the enthusiasm of the government. Thus, the government’s incentive behavior effectively affects the behavior of component vendors, and fiscal taxation and punishment policies will promote component vendors to provide prefabricated components. In the development stage, the government’s fiscal policy influence that weakens and affects component vendors’ behavior mainly comes from the incremental costs and benefits of components. Additionally, the difference between the builder’s incremental cost and the sales revenue narrowed. At this time, the behavior prediction of both parties tends to be steady. In the mature stage, prefabricated buildings will mainly rely on market forces, and the government can gradually withdraw from the market. The cost variable tends to be lower, and it can be predicted that component vendors tend to supply components, while the government tends to restrict policies.

scholarly journals Surveying consumer acceptance of textile products with fragrance finish: A detailed review

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Astuti Khan ◽  
Gaurav Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Income Group ◽  
Consumer Acceptance ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Detailed Review ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Application Methods ◽  
Buying Behaviour ◽  
Textile Products

Fragrance finishing of textiles is an area with untapped potential which has been growing at an enormous rate. The use of scents to change moods, evoke emotions and stimulate certain senses has been there for ages. Building up from that, textiles have started being infused with scents and used in domestic and industrial application. The purpose of this research is to cover all aspects of fragrance finishing. The literature review covers extensive topics like the basic concept of aromatherapy, needs of fragrance finishing, application methods and our current market scenario. The latter part of this study deals with a survey that sheds light on the research gap identified as lack of market awareness and acceptance. Chi-square was the statistical tool used for relating factors like gender, age group and income group to buying behaviour of people when it comes to fragrance finished textile products.

scholarly journals A Study on Brand Consciousness Among Children and Its Effect on Family Buying Behaviour in Bangalore City

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-107
Author(s):  
Nithila Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Age Group ◽  
The South ◽  
Indian Children ◽  
Uniform Size ◽  
Bangalore City ◽  
The Family ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
Buying Behaviour

Children today are extremely aware of the various brands in the market and are conscious of the products they use or consume. They pick and choose carefully according to their needs, style preference etc. They also exercise a lot of independence in decision-making and influence the family buying behaviour. This study is an attempt to examine the level of brand consciousness among Indian children. Few specific studies on brand consciousness among Indian children have been conducted so far. Further this study also analyses the effect of such brand consciousness in children on the family buying behaviour. This study is based on the findings of a survey of 222 children and 222 parents spread over the south of Bangalore City. The children were in the age group of 8 to 16 years, both boys and girls selected at random within the age group mentioned, using convenience sampling method without any stratification to obtain a uniform size of respondents in each age / sex category.

scholarly journals Delay Discounting and the Cost of Waiting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Kendra Thompson-Davies
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Delay Discounting ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Delayed Gratification ◽  
Consideration Of Future Consequences ◽  
Alternative Reinforcement ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Future Consequences ◽  
The Cost

<p>If offered $50 now or $100 in a year, many of us will choose $50 now. This occurs because of delay discounting – the idea that reinforcers lose value over time. Individuals tend to display shallower discounting (self-controlled decision-making) in hypothetical discounting tasks, and steeper discounting (impulsive decision-making) in experiential discounting tasks. Hypothetical discounting tasks involve participants making a series of hypothetical monetary decisions (e.g. $50 now versus $100 in a year) over a range of delays. Experiential discounting tasks involve participants experiencing the delays and outcomes of their choices.  A critical difference between hypothetical and experiential discounting tasks is the type of delay they use. Hypothetical discounting task delays typically involve postponing. This involves participants imagining the reward is delivered to them after the delay and that they are free to pursue other activities during the delay. Experiential task delays involve participants waiting out each delay before they receive their reward, (unable access any alternative reinforcement during the delay). Individuals discount more steeply when tested experientially than hypothetically.  Experiment 1 investigated whether waiting and postponing are different discounting constructs. We achieved this via a 2 X 2 within-subjects design where both experiential and hypothetical discounting tasks had both Waiting and Postponing conditions. The hypothetical discounting task involved participants being instructed to imagine waiting for a reward after a delay (Waiting Condition), or imagine the reward would simply be delivered to them after the delay (Postponing Condition). The experiential task involved participants playing a video game that involved having to stop playing and wait for a larger number of points after a delay (Waiting Condition), or playing the game and getting the points delivered after the delay (Postponing Condition). We expected steeper discounting rates when waiting compared to postponing in both the experiential and hypothetical tasks. We found this effect only in the hypothetical task; however, this might be due to our procedure. We randomised the waiting and postponing trials in both tasks and this may have resulted in the participants being unable to discriminate between the interspersed trials.  Experiment 2 investigated whether this methodological feature affected discounting in the experiential task, and we found that blocking the trials resulted in the anticipated effect. We found steeper discounting in both the experiential and hypothetical tasks for waiting compared to postponing after implementing this change, suggesting that waiting and postponing are different constructs. Experiment 3 investigated what drives the difference between waiting and postponing. We found that waiting has a greater effect on reward value than postponing due to the inability to access alternative reinforcement during the delay.  We also investigated the relationships among our discounting measures and a measure of the consideration of future consequences, and a measure of delayed gratification. We found no correlation among discounting and these measures, and no consistent correlation between waiting and postponing. Overall, our results indicated that waiting and postponing are distinct constructs, and that the inability to access alternative reinforcement during a delay is the key difference between them.</p>

scholarly journals A Study on Prevalence of Anaemia in Pregnancy among the Women Reporting for Antenatal Care in Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka Cantonment

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Md Lutfur Rahman ◽  
Zebun Nessa ◽  
Sabrina Yesmin ◽  
Md Hafizur Rahman ◽  
Choudhury Faisal Md Manzurur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cultural Belief ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Anaemia In Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Anemia is regarded as a major risk factor for unfavorable outcome of pregnancy both for the mother and the fetus. Maternal anaemia is a common problem in pregnancy, particularly in developing countries.Aims: To determine the prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy and to find out the haemoglobin level of pregnant women reporting for antenatal checkup among the women reporting for antenatal care in Combined Military Hospital Dhaka.Method: This is a descriptive cross sectional study was done in the antenatal clinic at CMH Dhaka. One eighty four (184) pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at CMH Dhaka including CWC under CMH Dhaka were included for the study. The data were collected from 1st May 2001 to 31st May 2001 at the antenatal clinic, combined Military Hospital. Dhaka where pregnant women reported for antenatal check up. The data were collected by interviewing respondents in different dates & day of the week at different CWC and CMI-I Dhaka. Prior to the interview the respondents were explained clearly the objective of the study and sought their co-operation. The authority of CMH Dhaka was given prior information through issuing letter from AFMI. The respondent was assured on ethical point of view that strict secrecy would be maintained. Data were collected by the following methods: Interview Method; Laboratory Investigation for Hb estimation and Scrutinization of antenatal check up card.Results: A total of 184 pregnant women of them 70 were primi gravida and 114 were multigravida. The prevalence of anaemia as per WHO cutoff points was 56.52% (<11.0 g/dl). The mean age was 24.96 ± 4.49 years. The age groups 20-24 was the maximum. Out of 184 women 104 women was ariaemic. 15-24 age group was more anaemic (57.42%) than the 25-39 age group (55.42%) but the difference was not statistically significant, P>0.05. The prevalence of anaemia was higher in Illiterate (100%), lowest in degree and above level education group (48.48%). The maximum women (64.13%) belong to lowest income group. (Tk 2500-5000) Anaemia was the most common in the lowest income group (60.50%). The prevalence of anaemia was the highest among the family size 6 and above group (75%) and lowest in 2-3 family size group. Anaemia was more prevalent among high parity group (75%) and lowest in ‘0’ parity group (52.28%) but the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Multigravida were found more anaemic (62.28%) contrast to prirnigravida (47.14%) which was statistically significant (P<0.05). The prevalence of anaemia was less in higher birth interval group but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). About the cultural belief only 33 women were found having cultural belief of avoiding food during pregnancy (17.93%) and anaemia was more prevalent among them (57.57%) but the difference was statistically significant (P>.05). In this study 14.13% women had concomitant illness during pregnancy. In this study 15 women had caesarian section of which 10 were anaemic (75%) and there was one Forcep delivery (non-anaemic).Conclusion: In this study anaemia is more prevalent among younger age group women (15-24), with less educated group low income group, large family size group, high parity and high gravida, less birth spacing and also in women having concomitant illness. Anaemia is more prevalent among women having cultural belief on avoiding food during pregnancy. The findings of this study may not reflect the overall picture of the country. It does not differ much from the results of similar studies at national level. However, this study can be a base for further studies in a broader perspective.J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 26, No.2, October, 2017, Page 103-110

scholarly journals Neuromarketing and the decision-making process of the generation Y wine consumers in the Slovak Republic

10.5219/1018 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Němcová ◽  
Jakub Berčík
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Generation Y ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Buying Behaviour ◽  
Selection Of

In recent years, interest in scholarly research on buying behaviour of Generation Y has grown. However, studies are mainly realized abroad and many of them deal with this issue in general. The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors influencing the decision-making process of the Generation Y customers in the selection of wine in the Slovak Republic. A total of 21 respondents participated in the survey. Eye-tracking and a questionnaire were selected for research. For processing and evaluating the eye-tracking research, the Gazepoint Analysis UX Edition software and Microsoft Excel were used. For statistical data analysis, the Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman's non-parametric test were performed. Based on the results of the questionnaire and the testing, a label was the most important factor. Differences were noted at the moment of examining the information on a label. The most important factor determined by the questionnaire survey was variety, or vintage year, but by using measurement, the most important factor was label design. With regard to bottle shape, the most preferred was the Bordeaux type of bottle. Testing was carried out in laboratory conditions that only simulated the real selection of wine. This could have caused the difference between conscious decision-making and unconscious visual attention. Therefore, in the future, it is recommended to carry out similar research using a mobile eye camera to realize the test with real wine bottles. It is also assumed to involve other methods to obtain information about real attention of the tested probands. The presented research provides information for winegrowers and merchants who can improve their products and communicate effectively with customers. Findings are particularly beneficial because this research is among the first carried out in this area and it was not based only on conscious participation of respondents, but also on unconscious perception, because a deeper understanding of unconscious influences, that shape consumer's decision, helps to better understand consumer's behaviour.

Studi Perilaku Anggota Unit Pengambil Keputusan Dalam Pembelian Organisasional: Sebuah Review Literatur

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-86
Author(s):  
Amin Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Search ◽  
Search Time ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Organizational Buying ◽  
Decision Making Unit ◽  
Behavior Based ◽  
Sharing Responsibility

Up to now, organizational buying is still interesting topic discussed. There are divergences among the findings in organizational buying researches. Different perspectives, fenomena observed, research domains and methods caused the divergences. This paper will discusse organizational buying behavior based on literature review, focused on behavior of decision making unit mainly on equipment buying. From this review literatures, it would be theoritical foundation that is valid and reliable to develop propositions in organizational buying behavior. Based on review literature refferences, variables are classified into: purchase situation, member of decision making unit perception, conflict among the members, information search, influences among members of decision making unit. Integrated approach is used to develop propositions relating to: purchasing complexity, sharing responsibility among the members, conflict in decision making unit, information search, time pressure as moderating variable between sharing responsibility and conflict in decision making unit, the influence among the members inside decision making unit and decision making outcome

LOCUS OF CONTROL AND EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AMONG THE EMPLOYEES OF AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (01-02) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Paramanandam ◽  
K. Sangeetha
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Income Groups ◽  
Group A

Locus of control reflects the extent to which individuals believe that what happens to them is within their control, or beyond it. The objective of the present study was to study locus of control and employee engagement among the employees of automobile industry. A convenience sample consisting of ninety employees working in automobile industry participated in the study. By administering questionnaires locus of control and employee engagement among the employees were assessed. The collected data was analysed with various statistical tools like Mean, Standard Deviation, Correlation, regression and ANOVA tests. A higher level of locus of control was observed among the above 50 years age group and a higher level of employee engagement among the 41-50 age group. A higher level of locus of control and employee engagement was observed among the above 30000 income group. There were significant differences in locus of control and employee engagement among the respondents of different income groups. There was a significant positive correlation between locus of control and employee engagement. Approximately 18% of the variance of employee engagement was explained by locus of control.

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