A Novel Approach of Study of Universal E-Contract Framework for Ecommerce

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biswajit Tripathy ◽  
Jibitesh Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Major Part ◽  
Mutual Trust ◽  
Internet Commerce ◽  
Internet Technologies ◽  
Electronic Contracts ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Generalized Framework ◽  
The Right ◽  
Business To Business ◽  
Standard Framework

This article describes how along with the growth of internet technologies, e-commerce activities are growing exponentially. Electronics contracting is a major part of the e-commerce activity. Contracts between the exchanging sides have been adopted as a solution that guarantees the right of participants and increases mutual trust. Electronic contracts (e-contract) or Trading Partner Agreements (TPA) can be between the stakeholders involved, including the payment authority, buyer and seller. Since 1998, Open Buying on the Internet (OBI) protocols are used for business to business (B2B) internet commerce. XML based frameworks such as BizTalk, commerce XML, eXML, eCo frameworks are increasingly being used to bridge the gap between the buyer and seller. Multiple e-commerce standards need to be integrated in order to have a standard framework. In this article, the authors have studied different frameworks and propose a universal generalized framework for e–contract for e-commerce like B2B, B2C & C2C into consideration.

A Generalized Framework for E-Contract

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biswajit Tripathy ◽  
Jibitesh Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Major Part ◽  
Mutual Trust ◽  
Internet Commerce ◽  
Internet Technologies ◽  
Electronic Contract ◽  
Generalized Framework ◽  
It Applications ◽  
The Right ◽  
Business To Business ◽  
Standard Framework

With the growth of internet technologies, e-commerce activities are growing exponentially. It is being used in different IT applications. Electronics contracting is a major part of the e-commerce activity. Contract between the exchanging sides have been adopted as a solution that guarantees the right of participants and increases mutual trust. Electronic contract (e-contract) or Trading Partner agreement (TPA) can be done between the stakeholders involved including the payment authority, buyer & seller. Since the year 1998, open buying on the internet (OBI) protocol is being used for business to business(B2B) internet commerce. XML based frameworks such as BizTalk, commerce XML, eXML, eCo frameworks are increasingly being used to bridge the gap between the buyer and seller. Multiple e-commerce standards need to be integrated in order to have a standard framework. In this paper, the authors have proposed a generalized framework for e–contract considering the domain of e-commerce like B2B, B2C & C2C into consideration.

scholarly journals Learning Curves: A Novel Approach for Robustness Improvement of Load Forecasting

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Chiara Giola ◽  
Piero Danti ◽  
Sandro Magnani
Keyword(s):  
Load Forecasting ◽  
Learning Curves ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Set Size ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Energy Plant ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right

In the age of AI, companies strive to extract benefits from data. In the first steps of data analysis, an arduous dilemma scientists have to cope with is the definition of the ’right’ quantity of data needed for a certain task. In particular, when dealing with energy management, one of the most thriving application of AI is the consumption’s optimization of energy plant generators. When designing a strategy to improve the generators’ schedule, a piece of essential information is the future energy load requested by the plant. This topic, in the literature it is referred to as load forecasting, has lately gained great popularity; in this paper authors underline the problem of estimating the correct size of data to train prediction algorithms and propose a suitable methodology. The main characters of this methodology are the Learning Curves, a powerful tool to track algorithms performance whilst data training-set size varies. At first, a brief review of the state of the art and a shallow analysis of eligible machine learning techniques are offered. Furthermore, the hypothesis and constraints of the work are explained, presenting the dataset and the goal of the analysis. Finally, the methodology is elucidated and the results are discussed.

Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair for Iatrogenic Injury of the Thoracic Aorta

2021 ◽  
pp. 152660282110659
Author(s):  
Peyton Tharp ◽  
Ryan W. King ◽  
Bruce M. Frankel ◽  
Mathew D. Wooster
Keyword(s):  
Thoracic Aorta ◽  
Pedicle Screws ◽  
Aortic Injury ◽  
Iatrogenic Injury ◽  
Descending Thoracic Aorta ◽  
Thoracic Pain ◽  
Spinal Reconstruction ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
The Right ◽  
Scoliosis Deformity

Purpose: Address iatrogenic injury to the descending thoracic aorta by breached spinal screws through a novel approach of concomitant spinal screw removal and thoracic endovascular repair (TEVAR) placement. Case Report: A 36-year-old female with idiopathic scoliosis underwent T4 to L3 bilateral pedicle instrumentation with spinal fusion and correction of scoliosis deformity. Ten months post-operative, she continued to complain of mid-thoracic pain; computed tomography (CT) angiography revealed protrusion of the left T5 and T6 transpedicular screws into her descending thoracic aorta by 3 and 5 mm, respectively. She was taken to the odds ratio (OR) in a combination case with vascular and neurosurgery. Positioned in the right lateral decubitus position, TEVAR was successfully deployed while neurosurgery concurrently removed the invading spinal screws via posterior spinal exposure. Neurosurgery then completely revised the spinal hardware during the same operation. The patient progressed well throughout the remainder of her hospital stay and was discharged on postoperative day 4. Two-year angiography demonstrated a well-placed TEVAR with no extravasation or aortic abnormality. Conclusions: In the setting of iatrogenic aortic injury due to pedicle screws, concomitant TEVAR and spinal screw removal is a safe and feasible treatment option that allows for spinal reconstruction to occur without multiple trips to the operating room.

scholarly journals Repair of double-chambered right ventricle using right ventricular outflow chamber ventriculotomy via left intercostal thoracotomy under beating heart in two dogs

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiichi Sato ◽  
Isamu Kanemoto ◽  
Kippei Mihara ◽  
Koudai Kawase ◽  
Takuya Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Major Complication ◽  
Beating Heart ◽  
Moderate Hypothermia ◽  
Continuous Wave Doppler ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
The Right

Double-chambered right ventricle was diagnosed in two dogs, one of them a pup and the other full grown. Both dogs underwent surgery using the novel approach of right ventricular outflow chamber ventriculotomy via left intercostal thoracotomy with moderate hypothermia and moderate pump flow cardiopulmonary bypass under beating heart. No major complication occurred during and after the operation. On continuous wave Doppler echocardiography, the pressure gradient across the stenosis in the right ventricle decreased from 130 mmHg pre-operatively to 40 mmHg post-operatively at 1 year 5 months in the adult dog, and from 209 mmHg pre-operatively to 47 mmHg post-operatively at 1 year in the pup. Both dogs are active without clinical signs.

scholarly journals Goals and Challenges of Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Corneal Blindness Due to Limbal Deficiency

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1483
Author(s):  
Margarita Calonge ◽  
Teresa Nieto-Miguel ◽  
Ana de la Mata ◽  
Sara Galindo ◽  
José M. Herreras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Stem Cell Niche ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Corneal Blindness ◽  
Limbal Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Niche ◽  
The Right

Corneal failure is a highly prevalent cause of blindness. One special cause of corneal failure occurs due to malfunction or destruction of the limbal stem cell niche, upon which the superficial cornea depends for homeostatic maintenance and wound healing. Failure of the limbal niche is referred to as limbal stem cell deficiency. As the corneal epithelial stem cell niche is easily accessible, limbal stem cell-based therapy and regenerative medicine applied to the ocular surface are among the most highly advanced forms of this novel approach to disease therapy. However, the challenges are still great, including the development of cell-based products and understanding how they work in the patient’s eye. Advances are being made at the molecular, cellular, and tissue levels to alter disease processes and to reduce or eliminate blindness. Efforts must be coordinated from the most basic research to the most clinically oriented projects so that cell-based therapies can become an integrated part of the therapeutic armamentarium to fight corneal blindness. We undoubtedly are progressing along the right path because cell-based therapy for eye diseases is one of the most successful examples of global regenerative medicine.

Abstract 89: The Ventriculo-Ventricular Coupling Index: A Novel Approach to Assessing Biventricular Function

2012 ◽  
Vol 111 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Navin K Kapur ◽  
Mark J Aronovitz ◽  
Robert Blanton ◽  
Emily Mackey ◽  
Vikram Paruchuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
External Jugular Vein ◽  
Arterial Elastance ◽  
Left Heart Failure ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Coupling Index ◽  
Ventricular Efficiency ◽  
The Right

Bi-ventricular (Bi-V) function in primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) or PH secondary to left heart failure (SPH) remains difficult to characterize. As a measure of ventricular efficiency, ventriculo-arterial coupling (VAC) is calculated as the ratio of effective arterial elastance (Ea) to end-systolic elastance (Ees). No measure currently assesses ventriculo-ventricular coupling (VVC). Therefore, we developed a novel catheter-based approach to quantify Bi-V function using pressure-volume loop (PVL) analysis and hypothesized that Bi-V VAC ratios, defined as the VVC index (VVCI), may discriminate PPH and SPH. Methods: Adult male mice (n=6/group) underwent constriction of the pulmonary artery (PAC) or thoracic aorta (TAC) to model PPH and SPH respectively. Sham-operated animals underwent a left thoracotomy. Closed chest simultaneous Bi-V catheterization was performed after 7 days in PPH and 10 weeks in SPH. Conductance catheters were used for right and left ventricular PVL analysis via the right external jugular vein and right common carotid artery under steady-state conditions and with variable preload. Results: Steady-state Bi-V PVL and changes in VAC ratios and the VVCI are shown below. In sham mice VAC ratios and the VVCI reflect optimal ventricular efficiency. In PPH, the VVCI is significantly increased, while in SPH, the VVCI is significantly decreased compared to controls. Conclusion: These results identify a novel method to quantify Bi-V function in mice and further show that the VVCI can distinguish PPH and SPH. These findings have important implications for examining cardiac function in preclinical and clinical studies of left- and right-sided heart failure.

E-Government for Transparency in Mexico

2012 ◽  
pp. 48-71
Author(s):  
Cristina Galíndez-Hernández ◽  
Ernesto Velasco-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Engagement ◽  
Behavioral Factors ◽  
Federal Level ◽  
Internet Technologies ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Right To Information ◽  
The Right ◽  
Use Of Internet

In the last decade, Mexico’s developments regarding the recognition and protection of the right to access the government’s information has been considerable. The use of internet has been a key factor to make information available and to make citizen-government interactions easier. However, institutional, structural and behavioral factors continue to be obstacles to the effective realization of the right to information. The chapter provides a brief background to the development of e-government at the federal level and of the transparency legislation. The use of IT in the implementation of the LFTAIPG is explained and main strengths and weaknesses are identified. The main structural, institutional, and cultural limits to the use of ICTs for making the right to information effective are presented. Finally, some concluding remarks are offered in relation to the interaction between internet technologies and institutional behaviors that can thwart the efficacy of e-government as means to foster citizen engagement.

Single-digit fingerprint analysis for hand determination: A study of twinned loops

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeti Kapoor ◽  
Swati Dubey Mishra ◽  
Ashish Badiye
Keyword(s):  
Central India ◽  
Fingerprint Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Single Digit ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
The Right

In fingerprint analysis, the determination of hand (right or left) is one of the keys to resolving questions regarding the identity of the donor of the print. It is rare to encounter a complete set of 10-digit fingerprints from the scene of a crime. Although vital and imperative, except for a few studies on whorl patterns, the use of single-digit prints and patterns to ascertain the hand of the donor is scarcely reported in the literature. This research describes a novel approach whereby an analysis of twinned loops was carried out to identify the various parameters that may be helpful in ascertaining the hand of the donor. Bilateral rolled fingerprints from 180 healthy consenting adults belonging to a heterogeneous population of central India were collected. Out of the total of 1800 prints taken, 100 twinned loops (50 on the right hand and 50 on the left hand) were analysed. The following six parameters were considered: the slope of the flow of the apex ridges, the distance between the left delta and the ascending core, the distance between the right delta and the ascending core, mid-core position, the position of the loop and ridge tracing. On applying the chi-square test, the results were found to be statistically significant. Therefore, these parameters were found suitable for the determination of the hand from a single twinned-loop print.

scholarly journals Improved method for the catheterization of the right ventricle in a rat model of pulmonary artery hypertension

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-537
Author(s):  
Marcello Tontodonati ◽  
Debbie Ridley ◽  
René Remie ◽  
Peter Clements
Keyword(s):  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Disease Model ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Hypertension ◽  
Animal Disease ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Catheter Tip ◽  
The Right

Abstract Ventricle catheterization in the rat is widely practiced in cardiopulmonary research. The catheters deployed are either fluid filled or solid tip pressure or pressure–volume catheters. The access to the right ventricle is through the right jugular vein, most commonly without direct visualization such as fluoroscopy. Advancement of the catheter tip is aided by visualizing the pressure signals of the monitoring/recording systems used. This approach may present challenges due to various reasons, including the stiffness of new catheters, their dimensions or anatomical changes associated with the animal disease model. In this article, we present a novel approach, which has been optimized, successfully validated surgically and adopted in current projects. It has been shown to improve both the overall quality of the signals recorded and the time to access the right ventricle, thus reducing the overall time of surgery. The method presented in this article is safe, easy to reproduce and does not require additional skills compared to a more ‘standard’ approach.

Structuration Theory

2002 ◽  
pp. 175-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Pavlou ◽  
Ann Majchrzak
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Transaction Cost Economics ◽  
Structuration Theory ◽  
Business Success ◽  
Electronic Market ◽  
Mutual Trust ◽  
Process Outcomes ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Business To Business

This chapter argues that the three most commonly used perspectives in conducting research on business-to-business (B2B) eCommerce-transaction cost economics, electronic market hypothesis, and network analysis-have inadequately explained the unfolding nature of how B2B intermediaries are being employed in industry today. We argue that these perspectives are insufficient because they assume that technology is deterministic and thus not worthy of critical analysis. This chapter proposes structuration theory as an alternative perspective, which differs from the traditional perspectives in several ways: a) structuration theory examines the impact of B2B intermediaries not just on economic indicators of business success but on such process outcomes as mutual trust, coordination, innovation, and utilization of shared knowledge; b) it examines not just technology, but the alignment between technology, the interorganizational structure, and the nature of the task (e.g., basic procurement vs. collaboration); and c) it recognizes that no technology is simply installed, but rather brought into an organization through a series of adaptations that affect both the technology and the organization over time.

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