The Relationship of Symmetric Modification Parameters and Contact Line of Worm Gear

2011 ◽  
Vol 121-126 ◽  
pp. 1717-1721
Author(s):  
Xiao Lin Wang ◽  
Xiao Ru Hao ◽  
Xiao Sheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Calculation ◽  
Contact Line ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Worm Gear ◽  
Line Equation ◽  
Meshing Equation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

By a reasonable transition of the meshing equation and the contact line equation based on the principle of spatial meshing, using matlab numerical calculation and graphical function to draw a diagram of modification parameters and contact line of worm gear. Proposing a fast and accurate method for distinguishing the type of contact line. For further analysis of worm gear meshing performance provided a useful value.

scholarly journals Subdomains within orientation columns of primary visual cortex

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. eaaw0807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Li ◽  
Xue Mei Song ◽  
Tao Xu ◽  
Dewen Hu ◽  
Anna Wang Roe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Primary Visual Cortex ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Electrode Position ◽  
Tree Shrews ◽  
Form Processing ◽  
Orientation Columns ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

In the mammalian visual system, early stages of visual form processing begin with orientation-selective neurons in primary visual cortex (V1). In many species (including humans, monkeys, tree shrews, cats, and ferrets), these neurons are organized in a beautifully arrayed pinwheel-like orientation columns, which shift in orientation preference across V1. However, to date, the relationship of orientation architecture to the encoding of multiple elemental aspects of visual contours is still unknown. Here, using a novel, highly accurate method of targeting electrode position, we report for the first time the presence of three subdomains within single orientation domains. We suggest that these zones subserve computation of distinct aspects of visual contours and propose a novel tripartite pinwheel-centered view of an orientation hypercolumn.

Research on Aerodynamic Characteristics of Morphing Aircraft with a Telescopic Wing

2013 ◽  
Vol 709 ◽  
pp. 257-261
Author(s):  
Xi You Zhao ◽  
Jun Hu
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Calculation ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Aerodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Aerodynamic Performance ◽  
Aerodynamic Coefficient ◽  
Morphing Aircraft ◽  
Task Requirements ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

A kind of morphing aircraft based on the concept of telescopic wing was designed in this paper. With the numerical calculation, it compared the aerodynamic characteristics before and after the morphing of the aircraft, and analyzed the relationship of the aircraft aerodynamic coefficient to its length, angle of attack and flight Mach number. The result showed that through morphing the movable wing, the aircraft can significantly change the lift, drag and other aerodynamic characteristics; the morphing aircraft can satisfy the dual task requirements of low-speed cruise and high-speed attack. Compared with the traditional aircraft in fixed shape, it had a better aerodynamic performance.

The Broyden Method for M-P-Φ Relationship of Beam-Column with Residual Stresses

2013 ◽  
Vol 712-715 ◽  
pp. 1071-1074
Author(s):  
Jian Qin ◽  
Yong Jun Xia ◽  
Jin Miao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Calculation ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Nonlinear Equations ◽  
Beam Columns ◽  
Broyden Method ◽  
Iterative Calculation ◽  
Relationship Problem ◽  
Calculation Process ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The Broyden method for the numerical calculation of Moment-Thrust-Curvature (M-P-Φ) relationship of beam-column is put forward, which is suitable for all combinations of moment, thrust and curvature considering the effect of residual stresses. The relationship problem is simplified as two nonlinear equations of four variables. When two of the 4 variables are given, the relationship can be obtained by Broyden method. The advantages of Broyden method are discussed and the iterative calculation process is listed. The method offers significant improvements in accuracy, robustness and calculation amount of the solution, which can be used for beam-columns with any type section.

scholarly journals Icing Degree Characterization of Insulators Based on the Equivalent Collision Coefficient of Standard Rotating Conductors

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3326
Author(s):  
Zhijin Zhang ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Xingliang Jiang ◽  
Jianlin Hu ◽  
Qin Hu
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Calculation ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Water Droplets ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Due to the complex structure of insulators, it is difficult to use parameters such as icicle length or ice thickness of an insulator to directly characterize the degree of icing of an insulator. Rotating conductors are widely used in monitoring icing degree on insulators, but the relationship between ice degree on the insulator and the rotating conductor has not been verified. In this paper, the water droplets collision coefficient α1 was put forward to characterize icing degree, and a new numerical calculation model where α1 on different regions of an insulator is calculated was proposed. Combining the freezing fraction α3 of the insulator and rotating conductor, the equivalent relationship of ice weight between insulator and rotating conductor can be established, which was afterwards verified through the icing tests. The test results indicate that ice weight on an insulator increases linearly with the increase of ice weight on the rotating conductor, and the model proposed in this paper can reflect actual results more accurately than previous models. In such cases, the method of using ice weight on a rotating conductor to predict that on an insulator based on the model proposed in this paper could be widely adopted.

Study on Binary-Medium Model of Fissured Loess

2012 ◽  
Vol 256-259 ◽  
pp. 240-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu Rong Yan ◽  
Wen Fan ◽  
Ting Yin He
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Numerical Calculation ◽  
Triaxial Test ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Medium Model ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Breakage Mechanics

On the basis of the theoretical framework of breakage mechanics for geo-material ,the fissured loess can be regarded as a composite material consisting of bonded blocks and weakened bands，therefore a fissured loess binary-medium model is formulated. Then the model will be applied to the study of fissured loess. By the numerical calculation, the relationship of stress-strain can be obtained. A comparative analysis between calculation and triaxial test has been done. The results show that there is a good adaptability to apply the binary medium model to fissured loess.

An Analysis on Contact Line Performance of Offset Cylindrical Worm Gearing

2011 ◽  
Vol 697-698 ◽  
pp. 760-764
Author(s):  
Y.H. Sun ◽  
S.P. Wang ◽  
Q. Yue
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Contact Line ◽  
Helix Angle ◽  
Helical Gear ◽  
Worm Gear ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Face Gear ◽  
Gear Mesh ◽  
Line Equation ◽  
Worm Gearing

Based on the theory of gear mesh, the contact line equation of involute offset cylindrical worm gearing, which is consisted of an involute helical gear with few teeth and a face gear in substance, is obtained. Furthermore, in order to investigate the influence of design parameters on the performance of contact line, numerical simulation of which is carried out. Analysis results indicate that an appropriate increase in helix angle and modulus as well as the teeth number of worm, reduction in the teeth number of worm gear can make the contact line performance better.

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

Skeletal elements of crinoid echinoderms: High-resolution structural and microanalytical results

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
D. F. Blake ◽  
L. F. Allard ◽  
D. R. Peacor
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Sea Stars ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Echinodermata is a phylum of marine invertebrates which has been extant since Cambrian time (c.a. 500 m.y. before the present). Modern examples of echinoderms include sea urchins, sea stars, and sea lilies (crinoids). The endoskeletons of echinoderms are composed of plates or ossicles (Fig. 1) which are with few exceptions, porous, single crystals of high-magnesian calcite. Despite their single crystal nature, fracture surfaces do not exhibit the near-perfect {10.4} cleavage characteristic of inorganic calcite. This paradoxical mix of biogenic and inorganic features has prompted much recent work on echinoderm skeletal crystallography. Furthermore, fossil echinoderm hard parts comprise a volumetrically significant portion of some marine limestones sequences. The ultrastructural and microchemical characterization of modern skeletal material should lend insight into: 1). The nature of the biogenic processes involved, for example, the relationship of Mg heterogeneity to morphological and structural features in modern echinoderm material, and 2). The nature of the diagenetic changes undergone by their ancient, fossilized counterparts. In this study, high resolution TEM (HRTEM), high voltage TEM (HVTEM), and STEM microanalysis are used to characterize tha ultrastructural and microchemical composition of skeletal elements of the modern crinoid Neocrinus blakei.

Studies on Leukemogenic and Sarcomagenic Viruses

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 156-157
Author(s):  
Leon Dmochowski
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Mode Of Development ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Electron microscopy has proved to be an invaluable discipline in studies on the relationship of viruses to the origin of leukemia, sarcoma, and other types of tumors in animals and man. The successful cell-free transmission of leukemia and sarcoma in mice, rats, hamsters, and cats, interpreted as due to a virus or viruses, was proved to be due to a virus on the basis of electron microscope studies. These studies demonstrated that all the types of neoplasia in animals of the species examined are produced by a virus of certain characteristic morphological properties similar, if not identical, in the mode of development in all types of neoplasia in animals, as shown in Fig. 1.

The relationship of IGE receptor topography to signaling activity in RBL-2H3 mast cells

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 236-237
Author(s):  
J.R. Pfeiffer ◽  
J.C. Seagrave ◽  
C. Wofsy ◽  
J.M. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Scattered Electron ◽  
Ige Receptor ◽  
Receptor Complexes ◽  
Ige Binding ◽  
Electron Imaging ◽  
Small Clusters ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In RBL-2H3 rat leukemic mast cells, crosslinking IgE-receptor complexes with anti-IgE antibody leads to degranulation. Receptor crosslinking also stimulates the redistribution of receptors on the cell surface, a process that can be observed by labeling the anti-IgE with 15 nm protein A-gold particles as described in Stump et al. (1989), followed by back-scattered electron imaging (BEI) in the scanning electron microscope. We report that anti-IgE binding stimulates the redistribution of IgE-receptor complexes at 37“C from a dispersed topography (singlets and doublets; S/D) to distributions dominated sequentially by short chains, small clusters and large aggregates of crosslinked receptors. These patterns can be observed (Figure 1), quantified (Figure 2) and analyzed statistically. Cells incubated with 1 μg/ml anti-IgE, a concentration that stimulates maximum net secretion, redistribute receptors as far as chains and small clusters during a 15 min incubation period. At 3 and 10 μg/ml anti-IgE, net secretion is reduced and the majority of receptors redistribute rapidly into clusters and large aggregates.

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