Effects of Hot Band Annealing on the Precipitation of Copper Sulfide in Fe-3%Si Steel

2011 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
Ye Chao Zhu ◽  
Jiong Hui Mao ◽  
Fa Tang Tan ◽  
Ruo Ping Wang ◽  
Xue Liang Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Copper Sulfide ◽  
Boiling Water ◽  
Aluminum Nitrides ◽  
Copper Sulfides ◽  
Copper Manganese ◽  
Hot Band ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Complex Copper

Hot bands of Fe-3%Si steel containing 0.24%Cu were characterized to examine the precipitation of copper sulfides following different heat treatment schedules. It was found that copper sulfides were dominantly in a sphere shape. From 950°C to 1050°C, the precipitates were the complex of copper sulfides and aluminum nitrides. The size of the precipitates decreased and the distribution increased as the temperature increased. However, from 1050°C to 1150°C, the precipitates size increased and the distribution decreased with the rise of temperature. The precipitates were mainly complex copper-manganese sulfides. When the sample was annealed at 1050°C, air cooled to 900°C and boiling water quenched, the most fine and disperse precipitates were obtained. The average size and distribution of the precipitates was 37nm and 2.72μm-2, respectively.

CONFLEX 720

Alloy Digest ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Nickel Alloy ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Age Hardening ◽  
Copper Manganese ◽  
Hardening Heat Treatment

Abstract CONFLEX 720 is a copper-manganese-nickel alloy that responds to an age-hardening heat treatment for high strength and corrosion resistance. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Cu-143. Producer or source: Metals & Controls Inc..

scholarly journals Modulation of Lithium Disilicate Translucency through Heat Treatment

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2094
Author(s):  
Seok-Ki Jung ◽  
Dae Woon Kim ◽  
Jeongyol Lee ◽  
Selvaponpriya Ramasamy ◽  
Hyun Sik Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Lithium Disilicate ◽  
Lower Heat ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Ball Test

The aim of this study was to present a control method for modulating the translucency of lithium disilicate ceramics through thermal refinement. Identical lithium disilicate blocks were thermally refined using four different heat treatment schedules, and the microstructure, translucency, and flexural strength of the ceramics were investigated in detail by SEM, spectroscopy, and a piston-on-three-ball test. The results showed that ceramics treated under higher heat had larger grains, with an average size between 240 and 1080 nm. In addition, a higher transmittance of all wavelengths was observed in ceramics treated under lower heat, and the transmittance in the 550 nm wavelength ranged from 27 to 34%. The results suggest that the translucency of ceramics can be modified through thermal refinement under two conditions: (1) the particle size of the ceramic is small enough to achieve minimal grain-boundary light scattering, and (2) the percentage of particles allowing visible light transmission is altered by the heat treatment.

Effects of Modification and Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Property of Two-Step Foamed ZL111 Alloy Foam

2018 ◽  
Vol 933 ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
Yu Yuan Jiang ◽  
Xiao Xu Luo ◽  
Qing Chen ◽  
Ming Wei Zhao ◽  
Jian Sheng Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Eutectic Silicon ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Compressive Property ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
T6 Heat Treatment ◽  
Sr Modification ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Property

ZL111 alloy foams with a porosity of 80% and an average pore diameter of 3.5 mm were fabricated using a two-step foaming process, and the effects of modification and heat treatment on their microstructure and mechanical property were studied. The results indicates that by Y&Sr modification, most of the eutectic silicon in the ZL111 alloy foam is transformed from plate-like into dot-like forms, and the average size of evenly distributed α-Al grain is reduced from 80~100μm to 30~40μm, which is more efficient than separate Y or Sr modifications. By combining Y and Sr modification and T6 heat treatment, the α-Al grain size of ZL111 alloy foam maintains its previous modified effect, eutectic silicon remains spherical and well-distributed, and CuAl2and Al9FeMg3Si5are dispersed homogeneously at the α-Al grain boundary. The Y&Sr modification and T6 heat treatment also significantly improved the compressive property of ZL111 alloy foam, when we compared them with the untreated ZL111 alloy foam. The compressive strength rises from 13.3 MPa to 22.6 MPa, the densification strain improves from 59.3% to 76.9%, and the energy absorption capacity increases from 4.87 MJ/m3to 13.77 MJ/m3.

Structure and Optical Properties of ZnO and ZnO2 Nanoparticles

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 49-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Eliel Morales-Mendoza ◽  
Francisco Paraguay-Delgado ◽  
J.A. Duarte Moller ◽  
Guillermo Herrera-Pérez ◽  
Nicolaza Pariona
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Band Edge Emission ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Colloidal Method ◽  
Zinc Peroxide ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Raman And Ir Spectroscopy

Zinc oxide (ZnO) and Zinc peroxide (ZnO2) nanoparticles were synthesized by colloidal method at low temperature. The thermal stability of ZnO2was studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-Ray diffraction (XRD). The crystalline structure and phase change from ZnO2to ZnO by heat treatment was studied in detail. Morphology and particle size was examined using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), for as synthesized ZnO and ZnO2the shape of particles were cuasi-spherical for both materials with average size of 10±2.2 nm and 2.5±0.4 nm, respectively; The crystal size for ZnO obtained by heat treatment was 8±2.2 nm. Electron density contours show the chemical bond type ionic and covalent for ZnO and ZnO2. The vibrational properties were analyzed by Raman and IR spectroscopy. Band gap values were obtained from ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorbance spectrum. Photoluminescence (PL) spectrum for ZnO shows two emission edges located at 445 and 492 nm and in the case of ZnO2presents one edge at 364 nm originated from the band edge emission. The optical spectra present a hypsochromic shift, compared with some reported in the literature.

scholarly journals Effect of Trace Yttrium Addition and Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of As-Cast ADC12 Aluminum Alloy

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianlong Liu ◽  
Qingjie Wu ◽  
Hong Yan ◽  
Songgen Zhong ◽  
Zhixiang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Primary Si ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Yttrium Addition ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Small Average Size

The effects of rare earth yttrium (Y) additions and the heat treatment process on the microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast ADC12 aluminum alloy have been investigated. The results showed that the primary Si crystals were significantly refined from long axis to fibrous or granular when the Y content was 0.2 wt%. Compared to the matrix, the mean area and aspect ratio were decreased by 92% and 75%, respectively. Moreover, the Si and Fe-rich phases were spheroidized and refined with a small average size during the solid solution. It was also noted that the copper-rich phases were dissolved into the matrix. Correspondingly, it was found that after metamorphic and heat treatment the ultimate tensile strength (UTS), elongation, and, hardness increased by 81.9%, 69.7%, and 74.8%, respectively, compared to the matrix. The improved mechanical properties can primarily be attributed to the optimization of the microstructure and the refinement of various phases.

The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure of Ti-45Al-5Nb-0.3Y Alloy

2009 ◽  
Vol 614 ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Fan Tao Kong ◽  
Yu Yong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Lamellar Microstructure ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Equiaxed Grains ◽  
Fully Lamellar

Effects of heat treatment on the microstructure of as-cast and as-forged Ti-45Al-5Nb-0.3Y alloy are discussed. The as-cast Ti-45Al-5Nb-0.3Y alloy exhibits a microstructure consisting of fine equiaxed grains which average size is almost 100μm. Phase transformation of as-cast Ti-45Al-5Nb-0.3Y alloy greatly depends upon cooling rate. During furnace cooling, the alloy transform to fully lamellar microstructure. During air cooling, massive transformation predominates. During oil cooling, extremely fine fully lamellar microstructure is formed. During water cooling, ordering α2 phases are primary. Thermo-mechanical treatments, through combined action of hot canned forging and heat treatment, were performed on a Ti-45Al-5Nb-0.3Y alloy to investigate their effect on the microstructure of the alloy. The as-forged Ti-45Al-5Nb-0.3Y alloy is comprised of a large number of dynamic recrystallization (DRX) γ grains, curved and broken lamellae, and a small amount of remnant lamellae. And three different microstructures, duplex (DP), nearly lamellar (NL) and fine fully lamellar (FFL), have been obtained through heat treatment at different temperatures (1320-1370°C), respectively.

Solvothermal Growth of Flower-Like Morphology from Nanorods of Copper Sulfides

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1523-1527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poulomi Roy ◽  
Suneel Kumar Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Copper Sulfide ◽  
Solvothermal Synthesis ◽  
Stoichiometric Composition ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Reaction Duration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Copper Sulfides ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

The present work reports the effect of reaction time on solvothermal synthesis of copper sulfides from CuCl2·2H2O and thiourea with various compositions and morphologies using ethylenediamine as solvent at 120 °C. X-ray diffraction patterns of the products at different durations shows the development of different stoichiometric composition of copper sulfides in where Cu:S ratio increases from 1.39 to 1.79 indicating transformation of Cu39S28 to Cu7S4. As inferred by EDX and XPS studies of the final products. SEM shows the growth of bundles of nanorods of length ≈1 μm and diameter in nanometer range are observed after 6 h. On increasing the reaction duration to 9 h, nanorods tends to combines with each other and growth occurs in six directions and after 12 h leads to the formation of flower-like morphology of copper sulfide. The optical properties of these products also have been studied.

Recovery Copper from a Complex Copper Sulfide Ore of Yunnan by Using Flotation

2015 ◽  
Vol 737 ◽  
pp. 839-842
Author(s):  
Yi Jie Wang ◽  
Shu Ming Wen ◽  
Dan Liu ◽  
Chuan Fa Cui ◽  
Bin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Copper Sulfide ◽  
Sodium Sulfide ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Copper Concentrate ◽  
Sulfide Ore ◽  
Open Test ◽  
Copper Sulfide Ore ◽  
Complex Copper ◽  
Large Deposits

Copper ore is the main mineral for the large deposits. Copper minerals are mostly consisting of chalcopyrite, secondly consisting of bornite, there are traces of processing copper blue and malachite, the mineral is disseminated by coarse granularity. This mineral is easy to processing. Production process was using by the process of grinding-flotation. After grinding fineness, lime dosage, sodium sulfide dosage, collector and frother dosage, were determined by the open test. Closed circuit experiment was conducted by those optimal conditions identified in the above test, the recovery of copper concentrate is 88.38% and the grade of copper concentrate is 14.37%.

scholarly journals The crystal structure of the heusler alloys

1934 ◽  
Vol 144 (852) ◽  
pp. 340-359 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Heusler Alloys ◽  
The Other ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Ferromagnetic Alloys ◽  
Suitable Heat Treatment ◽  
Copper Manganese ◽  
Ferro Magnetic

Beginning in the year 1898 Heusler discovered as a series of ferromagnetic alloys, the most important containing copper, manganese, and aluminium. They are characterized by remarkable magnetic properties, because although composed only of paramagnetic or diamagnetic elements, they become ferro-magnetic after suitable heat treatment. Various explanations of this property have been advanced, but it was usually considered to be due to the formation of a series of solid solutions of the type (CuMn) 3 Al, in which the proportions of copper and manganese may be varied within fairly wide limits. The Heusler alloys have been repeatedly investigated by means of X-rays. Young, using molybdenum radiation examined alloys of two different compositions. He found that one was face-centred cubic, while the other was a mixture of face-centred and body-centred cubic structures. The mixed alloy was the more magnetic.

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