Technology and Application of Oil Sludge Pyrolysis in Rotary Furnace

2011 ◽  
Vol 130-134 ◽  
pp. 2371-2378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Fu Wang ◽  
Wei Dong Du ◽  
Lin Tang ◽  
Peng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Rotary Furnace ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Oil Sludge ◽  
Aluminum Salt ◽  
Pyrolysis Oil ◽  
Technical Process ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
Main Components

Technology of pyrolysis rotary furnace for oil sludge was conducted in this paper, which feature with natural gas as fuel, multi-combuster for heating controlling and novel dynamic-static sealing structure at both ends of the rotary furnace. A complete set of technical process was designed and operated with processing scale of 10 tons/day of oil sludge (The sludge moisture content is 80%). The result indicates that the system meets the standard of safe running. Recovery rate of the oil in sludge is more than 80%, while the oil content of pyrolytic residues is less than 0.3%. The main components of non-condensable gas include methane and hydrogen, occupying 35% and 40% respectively. There are high content of lightweight fractions in pyrolysis oil, such as gasoline, kerosene and diesel oil, in which the C10-C15 is near to 50%-60% and aromatics can be up to 60％. Finally, due to the high contents of carbon and aluminum salt in residue, it is much worth for the carbon and aluminum salt recovery.

OIL CONTENT AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION IN THE PARTS OF OIL PALM FRUIT FROM 8 IOPRI VARIETIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Sujadi Sujadi ◽  
Hasrul Abdi Hasibuan ◽  
Meta Rivani ◽  
Abdul Razak Purba
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Oleic Acid Content ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Main Component

Fresh fruit bunches (FFB) consist of fruit be composed grade in few spikelet. Fruit at a spikelet can be distinguished into performed fruit namely internal fruit, middle fruit and outer fruit as soon as each section contain parthenocarpy fruits. This research was conducted for determine composition and content fatty acid of oil at internal fruit, middle, outer and parthenocarpy fruit from oil palm fruit. Samples of fruit came from 3 – 5 spikelet the central of FFB. Result showed that oil content of outer fruit (46.9 + 9.9)% trend higher be compared middle fruit (42.8 + 10.3)% and internal fruit (39.1 + 9.5)%. Parthenocarpy fruits have a low oil content (14.2 + 16.2)% except yellowish fruit trend high relatively oil content. The main components of fatty acid at outer fruit, middle and internal are palmitic acid, oleic, linoleic and stearic with mean value respectively (44.8 – 45.8)%, (37.6 – 38.0)%, (9.9 – 10.9)% and (4.6 – 4.8)%. Oil content at parthenocarpy fruit have amount main component of fatty acid with performed fruit but composition of palmitic acid (40.0 + 5.9)% and oleic (34.6 + 8.4)% lower while linoleic acid (16.9 + 8.5)% and linolenic (1.6 + 1.8)% higher be compared to performed fruit. Simalungun variety has the highest oil content in the part of fruit, with that PPKS 540 and La Mé respectively. PPKS 540 variety has the highest oleic acid content while PPKS 718 has the highest linoleic content.

scholarly journals OIL CONTENT AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION IN THE PARTS OF OIL PALM FRUIT FROM 8 IOPRI VARIETIES

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Sujadi Sujadi ◽  
Hasrul Abdi Hasibuan ◽  
Meta Rivani ◽  
Abdul Razak Purba
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Oleic Acid Content ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Main Component

Fresh fruit bunches (FFB) consist of fruit be composed grade in few spikelet. Fruit at a spikelet can be distinguished into performed fruit namely internal fruit, middle fruit and outer fruit as soon as each section contain parthenocarpy fruits. This research was conducted for determine composition and content fatty acid of oil at internal fruit, middle, outer and parthenocarpy fruit from oil palm fruit. Samples of fruit came from 3 – 5 spikelet the central of FFB. Result showed that oil content of outer fruit (46.9 + 9.9)% trend higher be compared middle fruit (42.8 + 10.3)% and internal fruit (39.1 + 9.5)%. Parthenocarpy fruits have a low oil content (14.2 + 16.2)% except yellowish fruit trend high relatively oil content. The main components of fatty acid at outer fruit, middle and internal are palmitic acid, oleic, linoleic and stearic with mean value respectively (44.8 – 45.8)%, (37.6 – 38.0)%, (9.9 – 10.9)% and (4.6 – 4.8)%. Oil content at parthenocarpy fruit have amount main component of fatty acid with performed fruit but composition of palmitic acid (40.0 + 5.9)% and oleic (34.6 + 8.4)% lower while linoleic acid (16.9 + 8.5)% and linolenic (1.6 + 1.8)% higher be compared to performed fruit. Simalungun variety has the highest oil content in the part of fruit, with that PPKS 540 and La Mé respectively. PPKS 540 variety has the highest oleic acid content while PPKS 718 has the highest linoleic content.

scholarly journals PICKLING EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PREPARATION OF DIESEL OIL WITH PYROLYSIS OIL FROM WASTE RUBBER

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Wang Lei ◽  
Wang Yun ◽  
Jin Jie
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Pyrolysis Oil ◽  
Waste Rubber ◽  
Pickling Process ◽  
Concentrated Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Better Than

The research has been done for removing asphaltene by pickling process of diesel oil from pyrolysis oil self-made by waste rubber in this paper, and the study showed that pickling effect of concentrated sulfuric acid was better than concentrated hydrochloric acid. The best pickling effect was found when the concentration of sulfuric acid was 18.4mol/L, acid to oil ratio, namely, the amount of concentration of sulfuric acid to the amount of diesel oil ratio, was 25%. This experiment proved that removing asphaltene by pickling process using concentrated sulfuric acid was remarkable.

Inspection and Determination of a Vehicle Arson Case According to Diesel Fuel and Gasoline

2013 ◽  
Vol 339 ◽  
pp. 751-755
Author(s):  
Li Li Yu ◽  
Shu Jun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Inspection Process ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Criminal Investigators ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Combustion Residue ◽  
Material Evidence

From a vehicle arson case, it briefly introduced the basic situation and investigation of fire, particularly discussed the inspection process of samples, even compared some main components with suspected criminal tool at length. The results showed that it was deteced gasoline composition in extracted material evidence of vehicle combustion residue,but the vehicle were diesel fuel car. Then it analysed in detail the difference of gasoline, diesel oil and mixture of gasoline and diesel oil on composition. Their composition characteristics were both have aromatic hydrocarbons, such as dimethylbenzene series, trimethylbenzene series, tetramethylbenzeneseries, methylindane, naphthalene series, But alkane composition and distribution was not the same, as diesel contained C11-C20 linear paraffin and branched paraffin which obviously normal distribution, even the content of alkanes was significantly higher than aromatic hydrocarbon.but gasoline was different , not only the alkane characteristics is not obvious, but also aromatic hydrocarbons high content; While the content of alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbon were similar in mixture. By comparing the plastic drum left on scene with inspected samples, their gasoline characteristics were the same, Thus we can determine the plastic drum was criminal tool of setting fire, it could provide powerful evidence to solve cases for fire investigators and criminal investigators.

scholarly journals Assessment of quality defects in macadamia kernels using NIR spectroscopy

2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 471 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Guthrie ◽  
Colin Greensill ◽  
Ray Bowden ◽  
Kerry Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Insect Damage ◽  
Mould Growth ◽  
Reference Analysis ◽  
Calibration Models ◽  
Calibration Coefficients

Spectral data were collected of intact and ground kernels using 3 instruments (using Si-PbS, Si, and InGaAs detectors), operating over different areas of the spectrum (between 400 and 2500 nm) and employing transmittance, interactance, and reflectance sample presentation strategies. Kernels were assessed on the basis of oil and water content, and with respect to the defect categories of insect damage, rancidity, discoloration, mould growth, germination, and decomposition. Predictive model performance statistics for oil content models were acceptable on all instruments (R2 > 0.98; RMSECV < 2.5%, which is similar to reference analysis error), although that for the instrument employing reflectance optics was inferior to models developed for the instruments employing transmission optics. The spectral positions for calibration coefficients were consistent with absorbance due to the third overtones of CH2 stretching. Calibration models for moisture content in ground samples were acceptable on all instruments (R2 > 0.97; RMSECV < 0.2%), whereas calibration models for intact kernels were relatively poor. Calibration coefficients were more highly weighted around 1360, 740 and 840 nm, consistent with absorbance due to overtones of O-H stretching and combination. Intact kernels with brown centres or rancidity could be discriminated from each other and from sound kernels using principal component analysis. Part kernels affected by insect damage, discoloration, mould growth, germination, and decomposition could be discriminated from sound kernels. However, discrimination among these defect categories was not distinct and could not be validated on an independent set.It is concluded that there is good potential for a low cost Si photodiode array instrument to be employed to identify some quality defects of intact macadamia kernels and to quantify oil and moisture content of kernels in the process laboratory and for oil content in-line. Further work is required to examine the robustness of predictive models across different populations, including growing districts, cultivars and times of harvest.

scholarly journals Analysis of histones from the yeast Saccharomyces carlsbergensis

1979 ◽  
Vol 177 (3) ◽  
pp. 917-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Pastink ◽  
T A Berkhout ◽  
W H Mager ◽  
R J Planta
Keyword(s):  
Basic Protein ◽  
Ion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Saccharomyces Carlsbergensis ◽  
Histone Proteins ◽  
Chromosomal Proteins ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
Higher Eukaryotes ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Eukaryotic Organisms

Basic chromosomal proteins were isolated from the chromatin of the yeast Saccharomyces carlsbergensis by extraction with H2SO4 and were purified by ion-exchange chromatography. Electrophoresis of the purified fraction on acetic acid/urea gels revealed the presence of four main components. These four proteins were identified as histones H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 on the basis of their amino acid composition, molecular weight and solubility properties, all of which are very similar to the corresponding properties of the various histone proteins from other eukaryotic organisms. A fifth basic protein could be isolated from yeast chromatin by extraction with HClO4. The available evidence indicates this protein to be an H1-type histone. Yeast thus appears to contain a complete set of histone proteins which are strongly homologous to the histones occurring in higher eukaryotes.

Experimental Research of Liquid Hydrocarbon Volatilization and Vapor Cloud Diffusion Concentration

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 761-767
Author(s):  
Kai Quan Wang ◽  
Xue You Wang ◽  
Xiao Yong Shu ◽  
Tao Gu
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Hydrocarbon ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Liquid Pool ◽  
Liquid Level ◽  
Diffusion Experiment ◽  
Experiment Platform ◽  
Vapor Cloud ◽  
Fire And Explosion ◽  
Main Components ◽  
And Control

The main components of liquid hydrocarbon leakage evaporated gas is methane, which is not only a meanly greenhouse gas, and also a kind of dangerous substances may cause fire and explosion. Study of the mechanism of the liquid hydrocarbon leakage and evaporation will be beneficial to protect environment, prevent fire and explosion accident effectively. Based on the homemade experimental platform of liquid hydrocarbons volatilizes and diffusion, the speed of diesel oil volatile in the cup was detected with the temperature of 30°C, 60°C, 90°C and 120°C respectively, and the concentrations distribution variation of vapor cloud above the liquid level of 0.4 m, 0.8 m, 1.2 m and 1.6 m was also detected in a sealed condition. The results indicate that: diesel oil volatilization has exponent relation to diesel oil temperature; the vapor cloud density has logarithmic relation to diesel oil volatilization:; and the time of forming the explosion concentration of vapor cloud has exponent relation to diesel oil temperature:. There is a peak area of concentration at about above the liquid level of 0.8m, and achieve explosion concentration in where firstly and then expanding on both ends. This paper provided a liquid pool volatilize diffusion experiment platform which can quantitatively study the volatile speed of diesel after leakage, quantitative analysis can be vapor cloud explosion concentration distribution, and the experimental results can be used to guidance for early-warning and control the explosion disaster of liquid hydrocarbon and reduce the methane to the air pollution.

Effect of Sand Moisture Content on Diesel Oil Volatilization

2011 ◽  
Vol 282-283 ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
Xue Dong Feng ◽  
Yan Fei Ma
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Linear Rate ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Sand Surface ◽  
Effect Of Moisture

Volatilization of diesel oil in sand columns was conducted at the ambient temperature of 20 °C by spilling oil on the sand surface. The weight loss of oil was determined by pre and post weight of the sand columns and desiccant was measured on an electronic balance. The aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of moisture content on the volatilization of diesel oil in sand. The results show that the diesel oil and water in sand both volatilize at a linear rate with respect to time. The largest volatilization mass of diesel oil and water reach when the moisture contents are 8% and 20% respectively. Appropriate water content can help to pull the oil contaminants to the surface of the sand.

scholarly journals Mass Transfer and Colour Analysis during Vacuum Frying of Colombian Coastal Carimañola

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Angie D. Caro C ◽  
Sandrith P. Sampayo R ◽  
Diofanor Acevedo C ◽  
Piedad Montero C ◽  
Raúl J. Martelo
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Moisture Transfer ◽  
Colour Change ◽  
Diffusivity Coefficient ◽  
Oil Uptake ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Frying Time ◽  
Vacuum Frying

This study is aimed at analysing the effect of vacuum frying on the kinetic parameters of mass transfer, the CIE L∗a∗b∗ colour parameters of the Carimañola. For the kinetic analysis, the moisture and oil content were measured by means of an experimental design consisting of two factors: frying time with seven levels (60, 120, 180, 240, 300, 420, and 540 s) and frying temperature with three levels (120, 130, and 140°C). The diffusivity coefficient, the moisture transfer rate, and the oil adsorption rate, with their respective activation energies, were calculated. For the colour analysis, the reflectance technique was used to determine the colour coordinates of the CIE L∗a∗b∗ space, and the general colour change was calculated (ΔE). Concerning the kinetics, the increase in temperature and frying time reduced the moisture content, while the oil content decreased with the increase in temperature and increases with frying time. The diffusivity ranged from 1,238×10−6 m2/s at 120°C to 2,84×10−6 m2/s at 140°C. The mass transfer coefficients for moisture ranged from 2×10−4 m/s at 120°C to 4×10−4 m/s at 140°C. The values of the oil uptake rate were from 0.0022 s-1 at 120°C to 0.0018 s-1 at 140°C. Finally, the luminosity parameter shows a decrease with the increase in temperature, although the first 240 s shows a rise and then begins to decrease. Vacuum frying allowed Carimañolas to be obtained with a lower oil and moisture content, with an appropriate colouring, eye-catching and visually attractive to consumers.

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