Recovery of Precious Metal Material Ni from Nickel Containing Wastewater Using Electrolysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 263-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Jie Jin ◽  
Chang Sheng Peng ◽  
Ahmed Abou-Shady ◽  
Ke Dong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Boric Acid ◽  
Precious Metal ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Nickel Concentration ◽  
Dynamic Mode ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Taguchi Approach ◽  
Nickel Recovery ◽  
Optimal Values

The recovery of Ni2+ from nickel containing solution is a worthwhile work, owing to its precious value. In the present work, the optimal values of electrolysis (EL) operating parameters were elaborately investigated using Taguchi approach. The effect of Ni2+ initial concentration, boric acid, pH, and voltage were investigated in terms of nickel recovery and energy consumption. The results obtained showed that the influential factors on nickel recovery were voltage > boric acid > pH > concentration. However, in terms of energy consumption the following order of concentration > boric acid > pH > voltage was obtained. A confirmation experiment was carried out with the optimized parameters (boric acid 18g/L, nickel concentration 1000 mg/L, voltage applied 4.0 V, and pH 4). The recovery of Ni2+ yielded about 88%, and the outlet Ni2+ was as low as 119 mg/L. The electrolysis dynamic mode was investagated with flow rate 20 mL/min. The results showed that the outlet nickel concentration was 350 mg/L equal to 65% of Ni2+ recovery and energy consumption of 25.7 kW h/kg. Electrolysis could effectively recover nickel, however the Ni2+ concentration of the residual electrolyte was much higher than the restriction of 1 mg/L, so we used electrodialysis to further treat the residual electrolyte and the nickel concentration has been reduced below 1 mg/L , which will be discussed in other paper.

scholarly journals Effects of the Geometric Parameters of Mixer on the Mixing Process of Foam Concrete Mixture and Its Energy Efficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8055
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Stel’makh ◽  
Evgenii M. Shcherban’ ◽  
Anatolii I. Shuiskii ◽  
Al’bert Yu. Prokopov ◽  
Sergey M. Madatyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Mixing Process ◽  
Conical Part ◽  
Foam Concrete ◽  
Optimal Range ◽  
Optimal Values

The paper studies the influence of the geometric parameters of the mixer on the mixing process, the construction of the mixing body, its location in the mixer bulk, and the mixer shape and geometry. The technique of calculating the power spent on mixing the foam concrete mixture is described. The effects of the ratio of the mixture height to the mixer diameter, the number and width of reflective partitions, and the shape of the conical part of the mixer on the homogeneity of the foam concrete mixture and the power consumption are considered. The optimal ratios of the foam concrete mixture height to the mixer diameter have been determined. Moreover, the optimal range of the ratios of the partition width to the mixer diameter has been established, in order to obtain a homogeneous foam concrete mixture throughout the volume with lower energy consumption. The optimal values of the angle of the mixer conical part for the preparation of a foam concrete mixture have been determined.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF COMPRESSION RATIO ON PERFORMANCE OF A HYDROGEN BLENDED CNG-DIESEL DUAL FUEL ENGINE

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sridhara Reddy ◽  
Maheswar Dutta ◽  
K.Vijaya Kumar Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Emission Behavior

Compression ratios of the engine considerably affect the performance and emission behavior of an engine.The paper discusses about effect of compression ratios on the operating parameters such as brake specific fuelconsumption (BSFC), brake specific energy consumption (BSEC), brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and volumetricefficiency on a stationary diesel-CNG dual fuel engine by adding hydrogen fraction as a combustion booster. Theexhaust emission behavior of the engine is also presented. Addition of hydrogen in CNG has given better resultsthan diesel-CNG dual fuel operation of the engine. The volumetric efficiency and emissions like NOx are theparameters which needed attention towards this study. The paper presents experimental results and analyzes them.

Preliminary Study on CO2 Processing in CO2 Capture From Oxy-Fuel Combustion

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Li ◽  
J. Yan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Fuel Combustion ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Excess Oxygen ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Gas Processing ◽  
Minimum Energy Consumption

Oxy-fuel combustion is one of promising technologies for CO2 capture, which uses simple flue gas processing normally including compression, dehydration and purification/liquefaction (non-condensable gas separation). However relatively high levels of impurities in the flu gas present more challenges for the gas processing procedure. This paper studied the sensitivity of operating parameters to inlet composition, the effects of impurities on energy consumption, and the relationship between energy consumption and operating parameters. Results show that comparatively the total compression work is more sensitive to the composition of SO2 if the total mass flow is constant; while the operating temperature of purification is more sensitive to N2. To pursue the minimum energy consumption, from the viewpoint of impurity, the content of O2, N2, Ar and H2O should be lowered as much as possible, which means the amount of air leakage into the system and excess oxygen should be controlled at a low level in the combustion; as to SO2, if it is possible to co-deposit with CO2, its existence may be helpful to decrease compression work. From the viewpoint of operating parameters, low intermediate pressure, high intercooling temperature and high outlet pressure are favorable to achieve high energy utilization, if heat recovery is considered.

On-Site Inspection and Analysis on Earth Architecture’s Enclosure Construction

2013 ◽  
Vol 357-360 ◽  
pp. 492-498
Author(s):  
Hong Yu ◽  
Hai Jun Sun
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Earth Construction ◽  
The Earth ◽  
New Countryside ◽  
Actual Energy Consumption ◽  
Saving Effect ◽  
Good Heat

In order to assess the human settlements situation of earth construction and analyse Environmental protection and energy saving effect of the earth construction's enclosure-construction, we choose Jinan's earth construction--adobe houses--to conduct the detection and analysis of energy saving and were based on the factual date to calculate enclosure-construction's heat transfer coefficient K and the actual energy consumption to analyses the influential factors of the energy consumption and determine the main part of the energy saving effect of energy consumption based on the Extensive research of the ecological environment and earth construction in Shandong province. The results show that the typical enclosure-structure with good heat saving capacity can maintain the indoor thermal stability. Through the calculation of heat retaining structure, we can know that the tested adobe house's energy consumption is larger than normal house. it suggested that the earth construction has the characteristics of better energy saving and environmental protection. seeing that the factual tested adobe house's lower intensity , bad decoration and imperfection ,we put forward the suitable earth buildings scheme of the construction of new countryside.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT AND STUDY OF THE GRAIN CRUSHING WORKING PROCESS OF SHOCKING AND REFLECTIVE CRUSHER

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
Константин Миронов ◽  
Konstantin Mironov ◽  
Николай Оболенский ◽  
Nikolay Obolenskiy ◽  
Вера Гоева ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Angle Of Attack ◽  
Optimization Criterion ◽  
Response Surfaces ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Working Process ◽  
Grain Crushing ◽  
Joint Influence ◽  
Optimal Values

Based on the analysis of existing studies of the process of grinding grain, the goal and objectives of the research were set, a crusher of a grain of impact-reflective action was developed. The results of theoretical studies of the working process of the grain crusher, including the study of grains’ movement along the beam and the determination of the trajectory of movement of particles in the grinding chamber, are given As a result of the study of various methods of supplying the material, the lowest energy consumption was obtained when the comminuted material was fed through the upper loading window. In order to determine the joint influence of the factors under study on the criterion of optimization and the exclusion of insignificant, the semi-replica of the full factorial experiment was implemented. Variable factors were the rotor speed, the angle of attack, the material feed, the diameter of the holes, and the angle of coverage of the end sieve. The optimization criterion was specific energy consumption. At the next stage, grain refinement was investigated using a peripheral sieve instead of an end sieve, as well as a peripheral sieve and an end sieve at the same time. It was found that with an increase in the angle of attack hit the percentage of the yield of the finished product through a peripheral sieve increases. Also, to compare theoretical and practical studies, paint was applied to the surface, and then the nature of paint wear was examined. From a photograph taken after grinding the grain, one can see that in the area characterized by a positive value of b, the paint has worn off (which indicates a sliding movement of the weevil), and in the area with a negative value of b, we can see blows of the weevils. That is, the presented theoretical dependences quite accurately describe the nature of the movement of the weevil in the grinding chamber of the crusher. In order to determine the optimal values of the studied factors, a second-order experiment plan was implemented. The method of superimposing two-dimensional sections of the response surfaces yielded optimal values of the factors under study. At the same time, energy consumption amounted to 1 ... 1.3 (kW ∙ h) / (t - measurement unit), and the amount of dust and whole grains does not exceed the norms stipulated by GOST.

scholarly journals Energy Efficiency Improvement of Debutanizer Column, for NGL Separation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 255-260
Author(s):  
Ahmed Ould Brahim ◽  
◽  
Souad Abderafi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Reflux Ratio ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Head Pressure ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
Natural Gas Combustion

Compared to other petroleum, the natural gas combustion remains the cleanest and the one showing less CO2 emission. These reasons make the natural gas combustion one of the important issues to study. The separation of NGL is energy intensive. This operation is performed through a series of column including the debutanizer column. The present work is devoted to optimize the energy consumption at the level of the debutanizer column. The response surface technique and deploying a central composite numerical design is followed makes use of available data from a refinery. Using a multiple linear regressions, the optimization method leads us to three reliable models. Each of the three models takes as input the reflux ratio and the head pressure in order to predict the condenser heat duty, the reboiler heat duty and the purity of the produced butane. Suggested mathematical models were validated and their reliability was assessed via a set of statistical analyses. The optimization aims to simultaneously minimize the energy consumption of the condenser and reboiler, and maximize the purity of the ejected Butane. This optimization step allowed us to define the optimal values of reflux ratio and head pressure, with desirability function equal to 99 %. Under the determined optimal values, operating energy and cost of the industrial process were reduced by 38 % and 37 %, respectively, and besides, a high purity of butane was noticed reaching 99 %. From an economic point of view, separation NGL with optimal values of pressure and reflux ratio, may contribute to a decrease of CO2 emission and increases the energy efficiency.

scholarly journals TECHNOLOGICAL MODEL OF BUILDING LIFE CYCLE/STATINIO GYVAVIMO CIKLO TECHNOLOGINIS MODELIS

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vytautas Martinaitis ◽  
Artūras Rogoža
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Suggested Model ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
Building Life Cycle ◽  
Technological Model

Under present conditions there are no regulating documents for building life span, maintenance, recondition and reconstruction works and periodicity in Lithuania. The suggested model allows to evaluate optimal values for building work periodicity. The purpose of the model is to calculate the depreciable value of compound construction (building) at every moment of its life cycle. There can be determined by this model the relations between building depreciable value and its components reconstruction character. The function mode of components deterioration can be changed with technology progress. It can be controlled by single coefficients in model. Single components reconstruction affects not only building aesthetic conditions, but also operating costs (energy consumption, amount of renovation work), which could be linked with elements deterioration. This model is called technological model, and it does not include cash expenditure calculations for work, materials and energy, but it is a basis for further economical modelling of building life cycle.

scholarly journals Energy Performance Optimization in a Condensing Boiler

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Diego Fernández-Cheliz ◽  
Eloy Velasco-Gómez ◽  
Juan Peral-Andrés ◽  
Ana Tejero-González
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Lower Heating Value

In Europe, primary energy consumption in buildings accounts for up to 25–40%, depending on the climate conditions. Space heating and Domestic Hot Water (DHW) contribute significantly to this energy consumption. Among the most common sources for heat generation in these appliances is natural gas. Condensing boilers can surpass the 100% energy performance over the lower heating value, if the operating conditions enable the water vapor in the exhaust gases to condensate. Consequently, optimizing the operating parameters of condensing boilers is necessary to decrease fuel consumption without hindering water heating needs. The present work presents an experimental approach to the operating parameters of a condensing boiler that works with natural gas. The aim is to develop a theoretical model that relates the energy performance to the water temperature set by the final user and the excess air set by the maintenance staff.

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