Influence of the Dissolution Laws of N, P on the Activated Sludge by Ozone Oxidation

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 1215-1221
Author(s):  
Rong Wang ◽  
Ai Ping Tang
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Ozone Oxidation ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
Long Time

The high sludge production has becoming one of the main drawbacks in the conventional activated sludge process. The ozone oxidation is considered as one of the most effective techniques owing to its high efficiency and non-secondary pollution. In this paper, the solubilization rules of nitrogen and phosphorus with directing injection ozone in a static unit were studied, then, the long-term removal rates of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in SBR system of directing injection ozone were studied with ozone dosage from 0.01～0.04gO3/gSS. The results of static experiments showed that the nitrate concentration increased quickly from 3.52mg/L to 13.83mg/L, the concentration of organic nitrogen and ammonia increased slightly, whereas, the nitrite concentration decreased gradually at the ozone dosage of 0～0.15gO3/gSS, most of the nitrogen released from the ozonated sludge were escaped from the supernate in the form of nitrogen and ammonia. The result of long-time experiment in SBR system showed that the removal rates of ammonia and total phosphorus was 91.1%, 80.5%, respectively.

High rate and compact single sludge pre-denitrification process for retrofit

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyshi Emori ◽  
Hiroki Nakamura ◽  
Tatsuo Sumino ◽  
Tadashi Takeshima ◽  
Katsuzo Motegi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Denitrification Process

For the sewage treatment plants near rivers and closed water bodies in urbanized areas in Japan and European countries, there is a growing demand for introduction of advanced treatment processes for nitrogen and phosphorus from the viewpoints of water quality conservation and environmental protection. In order to remove nitrogen by the conventional biological treatment techniques, it is necessary to make a substantial expansion of the facility as compared with the conventional activated sludge process. In such urbanized districts, it is difficult to secure a site and much capital is required to expand the existing treatment plant. To solve these problems, a compact single sludge pre-denitrification process using immobilized nitrifiers was developed. Dosing the pellets, which are suitable for nitrifiers growth and physically durable, into the nitrification tank of single sludge pre-denitrification process made it possible to perform simultaneous removal of BOD and nitrogen in a retention time equal to that in the conventional activated sludge process even at the low water temperature of about 10 °C. The 3,000 m3/d full-scale conventional activated sludge plant was retrofitted and has been successfully operated.

Mechanism Analysis and Experimental Research on the Interception of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Pollutants by Gullies in Northern China

2011 ◽  
Vol 250-253 ◽  
pp. 3392-3396
Author(s):  
Yu Jia Song ◽  
Hui Qing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Mechanism Analysis ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Urban Sewage ◽  
Control Section ◽  
Nitrogen Pollutants

The discharge of urban sewage and agricultural non-point source pollutants is the main reason causing eutrophication in gullies in most cities of northern China. Based on a careful analysis on the ecological structure and ecological characteristics of a gully, this article preliminarily studies the interception and degradation mechanisms of nitrogen pollutants by the gully. Meanwhile, to take gullies in Changchun as the object of the study, this article carries out an experiment on the interception effect of nitrogen pollutants by gullies. This experiment respectively establishes a control section in the upper and lower reaches of a gully, and takes water samples four times in each section from May to August to determine total nitrogen, total phosphorus, nitrate nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and salinity. The result shows: the gully plays some role in the interception of pollutants; total phosphorus accounts for the largest interception in pollutants in the experimented gully section, with the relative interception rate of 27.46%, followed by ammonia nitrogen, with the interception rate of 21.80%, which is the result of the combined effects of aquatic plants, microorganisms and sediment in the gully.

Comparison of two treatments for the removal of selected organic micropollutants and bulk organic matter: conventional activated sludge followed by ultrafiltration versus membrane bioreactor

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 733-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Sahar ◽  
M. Ernst ◽  
M. Godehardt ◽  
A. Hein ◽  
J. Herr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Macrolide Antibiotics ◽  
Organic Micropollutants ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge

The potential of membrane bioreactor (MBR) systems to remove organic micropollutants was investigated at different scales, operational conditions, and locations. The effluent quality of the MBR system was compared with that of a plant combining conventional activated sludge (CAS) followed by ultrafiltration (UF). The MBR and CAS-UF systems were operated and tested in parallel. An MBR pilot plant in Israel was operated for over a year at a mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) range of 2.8–10.6 g/L. The MBR achieved removal rates comparable to those of a CAS-UF plant at the Tel-Aviv wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) for macrolide antibiotics such as roxythromycin, clarithromycin, and erythromycin and slightly higher removal rates than the CAS-UF for sulfonamides. A laboratory scale MBR unit in Berlin – at an MLSS of 6–9 g/L – showed better removal rates for macrolide antibiotics, trimethoprim, and 5-tolyltriazole compared to the CAS process of the Ruhleben sewage treatment plant (STP) in Berlin when both were fed with identical quality raw wastewater. The Berlin CAS exhibited significantly better benzotriazole removal and slightly better sulfamethoxazole and 4-tolyltriazole removal than its MBR counterpart. Pilot MBR tests (MLSS of 12 g/L) in Aachen, Germany, showed that operating flux significantly affected the resulting membrane fouling rate, but the removal rates of dissolved organic matter and of bisphenol A were not affected.

High Efficiency Phosphorus Flocculants Prepared with Red Mud for Treating Lake Water

2014 ◽  
Vol 614 ◽  
pp. 649-652
Author(s):  
Wen Qin Zhang ◽  
Bo Lin Li ◽  
Ye Li ◽  
Ya Nan Liang
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Acid Modification ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Input Quantity ◽  
Optimal Input ◽  
East Lake ◽  
Simulated Wastewater ◽  
Input Amount ◽  
The East Lake

In this study, different acid modification methods were used to prepare two types of inorganic flocculation compounds. First, under simulated wastewater conditions, the optimal input quantity for phosphorus elimination of flocculant #1 was 0.5 g/L, and the optimal agitation conditions were rapid agitation at 300 rpm for 60 s followed by slow agitation at 20 rpm for 15 min. The optimal input amount of flocculant #2 was 0.8 g/L, and the optimal agitation conditions were rapid agitation at 300 rpm for 30 s followed by slow agitation at 100 rpm for 10 min. Then they were used to treat water from the East Lake. The removal rates of TP, ammonia nitrogen, COD, and turbidity by flocculant #1 were 91.45%, 60.90%, 80.71%, and 93.05%, respectively; the corresponding removal rates by flocculant #2 were 92.74%, 58.49%, 76.92%, and 84.66%, respectively. The discharged water for both flocculants had TP and COD concentrations that met the type III standards in GB3838-2002.

scholarly journals Graphene-Modulated Removal Performance of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Pollutants in a Sequencing Batch Chlorella Reactor

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonghan Xia ◽  
Wenlai Xu ◽  
Qinglin Fang ◽  
Zishen Mou ◽  
Zhicheng Pan
Keyword(s):  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Practical Support ◽  
Plate Count Method ◽  
The Impact

In this work, the influence of graphene on nitrogen and phosphorus in a batch Chlorella reactor was studied. The impact of graphene on the removal performance of Chlorella was investigated in a home-built sewage treatment system with seven identical sequencing batch Chlorella reactors with graphene contents of 0 mg/L (T1), 0.05 mg/L (T2), 0.1 mg/L (T3), 0.2 mg/L (T4), 0.4 mg/L (T5), 0.8 mg/L (T6) and 10 mg/L (T7). The influence of graphene concentration and reaction time on the pollutant removal performance was studied. The malondialdehyde (MDA) and total superoxide dismutase (SOD) concentrations in each reactor were measured, and optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterizations were performed to determine the related mechanism. The results show that after 168 h, the total nitrogen (TN), ammonia nitrogen (AN) and total phosphorus (TP) removal rates of reactors T1–T7 become stable, and the TN, AN and TP removal rates were gradually reduced with increasing graphene concentration. At 96 h, the concentrations of both MDA and SOD in T1–T7 gradually increased as the graphene concentration increased. In optical microscopy and SEM measurements, it was found that graphene was adsorbed on the surface of Chlorella, and entered Chlorella cells, deforming and reducing Chlorella. Through the blood plate count method, we estimated an average Chlorella reduction of 16%. According to the water quality and microscopic experiments, it can be concluded that the addition of graphene causes oxidative damage to microalgae and destruction of the Chlorella cell wall and cell membrane, inhibiting the nitrogen and phosphorus removal in Chlorella reactors. This study provides theoretical and practical support for the safe use of graphene.

scholarly journals Purification efficiency of zeolite and two planted grasses on sewage and relationship with carbon-nitrogen-phosphorus ratios in simulated constructed wetland system

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-555
Author(s):  
Xia Liu ◽  
Guohui Ning ◽  
Jianzhi Xie ◽  
Chunjing Liu ◽  
Ming Li
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
C:P Ratios

Abstract For achieving the economical and efficient configuration of constructed wetlands (CWs), a simulated device of vertical flow CWs was used to investigate the effects of different volume ratios of substrates to two cold-resistant plants on pollutant concentrations as well as their ratios in effluent under different inflow domestic sewage concentrations. The average removal rates (ARRs) of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus were 82.7%, 84.9% and 80.6% respectively in the treatments with zeolite but no plants, which increased by 22.6%, 20.8% and 14.9% compared with those without zeolite and plants. However, in the treatments with zeolite and planted grasses, the ARRs of the three pollutants were over 90%, and those of chemical oxygen demand were lower. The removal rates of ammonia nitrogen, TN and total phosphorus had negative correlations with C:N and N:P ratios and positive correlations with the C:P ratios. Increasing the ratio of zeolite to soil from 1:1 to 2:1 had no significant effects in the removal efficiency. It was suggested that planting Lolium perenne or Poa annua on the substrate with a zeolite to soil volume ratio of 1:1 could be considered as the optimum combination to purify the domestic sewage in north rural areas of China.

The ecological filter system for treatment of decentralized wastewater

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 1553-1560
Author(s):  
Kun Zhong ◽  
Yi-yong Luo ◽  
Zheng-song Wu ◽  
Qiang He ◽  
Xue-bin Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Ecological Filter ◽  
Aerated Filter

A vertical flow constructed wetland was combined with a biological aerated filter to develop an ecological filter, and to obtain the optimal operating parameters: The hydraulic loading was 1.55 m3/(m2·d), carbon–nitrogen ratio was 10, and gas–water ratio was 6. The experimental results demonstrated considerable removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) in wastewater by the ecological filter, with average removal rates of 83.79%, 93.10%, 52.90%, and 79.07%, respectively. Concentration of NH4+-N after treatment met the level-A discharge standard of GB18918-2002. Compared with non-plant filter, the ecological filter improved average removal efficiency of COD, NH4+-N, TN, and TP by 13.03%, 25.30%, 14.80%, and 2.32%, respectively: thus, plants significantly contribute to the removal of organic pollutants and nitrogen. Through microporous aeration and O2 secretion of plants, the ecological filter formed an aerobic–anaerobic–aerobic alternating environment; thus aerobic and anaerobic microbes were active and effectively removed organic pollutants. Meanwhile, nitrogen and phosphorus were directly assimilated by plants and as nutrients of microorganisms. Meanwhile, pollutants were removed through nitrification, denitrification, filtration, adsorption, and interception by the filler. High removal rates of pollutants on the ecological filter proved that it is an effective wastewater-treatment technology for decentralized wastewater of mountainous towns.

scholarly journals Sludge reduction via biodegradation of the endogenous residue (XE): experimental verification and modeling

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheikh Fall ◽  
Ericka L. Millan-Lagunas ◽  
Carlos Lopez-Vazquez ◽  
Christine Maria Hooijmans ◽  
Yves Comeau
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Actual Behavior ◽  
Sludge Reduction ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
Retention System ◽  
Solids Retention

The feasibility of sludge reduction via the XE biodegradation process was explored both experimentally and through modeling, where the main focus was on determining the value of the bE parameter (first order degradation of XE) from a continuous process. Two activated sludge (AS) systems (30 L) were operated in parallel with synthetic wastewater during 16 months: a conventional activated sludge (CAS) system and a modified low-sludge production activated sludge (LSP-AS) process equipped with a side-stream digester unit (DU). First, the long term data of the CAS reactor (1 year) were used to calibrate the ASM model and to estimate the heterotrophic decay constant of the cultivated sludge (bH = 0.29 d−1, death-regeneration basis). Second, pre-simulations were performed to design the LSP-AS system and to estimate the DU volume required (40 L), to avoid XE accumulation in the process. Third, the LSP-AS process was built, put in operation and monitored for more than 9 months. This allowed assessment of the actual behavior of the quasi-complete solids retention system. Once calibrated, the modified AS model estimated the value of the bE parameter to be in the range of 0.003–0.006 d−1, satisfactorily describing the overall sludge yield reduction of up to 49% observed in the experiments.

scholarly journals Badania modelowe skuteczności oczyszczania ścieków w piasku średnim z warstwą wspomagającą z hydro-antracytu

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-267
Author(s):  
Marek Kalenik
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Phosphorus Compounds ◽  
Medium Sand ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Sand Soil ◽  
Reduction Efficiency ◽  
Sewage Purification

The model investigations of sewage purification were carried out in a medium sand bed with an assisting hydro-anthracite layer with thickness of 0.10 and 0.20 m. It has been observed that the effectiveness of sewage purification related to basic qualitative parameters (total suspended solids – TSS, BOD5, COD, total nitrogen, total phosphorus) is in accordance with the Polish standards on sewage disposal into grounds and surface water. It has been stated that the medium sand soil bed with the 0.20-meter thick assisting hydro-anthracite layer shows higher effectiveness of sewage purification than the 0.10 m thick assisting layer. This application in the medium sand soil bed increased the removal efficiency regarding TSS by 3.1%, total nitrogen by 29.4%, ammonia nitrogen by 1.2% and total phosphorus by 23.0%, and reduction efficiency regarding BOD5 by 1.5% and COD by 11.3% with relation to the 0.10-meter thick assisting hydro-anthracite layer (all percentages – in average). The investigations confirm that the hydro-anthracite with the granulation of 1.8–2.5 mm can be used to assist in removal of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds from sewages

Boston Harbor Clean-Up: Comparison of Conventional Oxygen Activated Sludge with and without Anaerobic Selectors

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 281-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. T. Bowen ◽  
V. S. Magar ◽  
R. Otoski ◽  
T. McMonagle
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Boston Harbor ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Activated Sludge Processes ◽  
Treatment Design

To determine secondary treatment design parameters for the Massachusetts Water Resources Authority Deer Island Treatment Facility, a pilot study was conducted. Due to the constricted site, oxygen activated sludge processes were considered. A pilot-scale conventional oxygen activated sludge (COAS) and COAS preceded by an anaerobic selector process (ASP) were compared. Both processes achieved comparable levels of total and soluble BOD, total and soluble COD, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, and phosphorus removal. Higher percent removals occurred during the spring and summer flow periods. Neither process appeared more stable than the other with respect to changing influent loading and hydraulic stress. Differences in the process were the sludge settleability and sludge yield. The ASP had a slightly higher sludge yield than COAS, but the solids settled faster.

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