Study on the Forming Conditions of Shale Gas in Coal Measure of Wuli Area, Qinghai Province, China

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 2770-2773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dai Yong Cao ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Ying Chun Wei ◽  
Xiao Yu Zhang ◽  
Chong Jing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Shale Gas ◽  
Thermal Evolution ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Coal Measure ◽  
Gas Generation ◽  
Qinghai Province ◽  
Coal Measures

Besides coal seam, the source rocks including dark mudstone, carbon mudstone and so on account for a large proportion in the coal measures. Based on the complex geothermal evolution history, the majority of coal measure organic matters with the peak of gas generation have a good potential of gas. Therefore, shale gas in coal measure is an important part of the shale gas resources. There are good conditions including the thickness of coal measures, high proportion of shale rocks, rich in organic matter content, high degree of thermal evolution, high content of brittle mineral and good conditions of the porosity and permeability for the generation of shale gas in Wuli area, the south of Qinghai province. Also the direct evidence of the gas production has been obtained from the borehole. The evaluation of shale gas in coal measure resources could broaden the understanding of the shale gas resources and promote the comprehensive development of the coal resources.

Preliminary Source Rock Evaluation of Lower-Cretaceous Coal-Measures Strata in Hulin Basin in Northeastern China

2014 ◽  
Vol 968 ◽  
pp. 194-197
Author(s):  
Zi Ming Hou ◽  
Hong Wen Deng ◽  
Ming Hui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Thermal Evolution ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Coal Measure ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Kerogen Type ◽  
Source Rock Evaluation ◽  
Coal Measures ◽  
Organic Matter Abundance ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generating Potential

According to the thermal decomposition achievement of coal shale and coal samples, which are gathered from the Lower-Cretaceous coal-measure strata of Hulin basin, the organic matter abundance, type and maturation have been analyzed with TOC, S1+ S2, Hydrogen Index, content of maceral, Tmax , Ro. The result indicates that the organic abundance of coal shale and coal in Qihulin formation is average ,kerogen type is type III and their thermal evolution is over mature . The organic abundance of coal shale in Yunshan formation is general to better while the coal’s organic abundance is from better to best, they are both type III kerogen, and their thermal evolution is mature. The above analysis indicates that the hydrocarbon generating potential is limited in the Lower-Cretaceous coal-measure strata of Hulin basin while coal-measure source rocks in the Yunshan formation have good hydrocarbon generating potential.

Study on the Shale Gas Reservoir-Forming Characteristics of the Taiyuan Formation in the Eastern Qinshui Basin, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-84
Author(s):  
Hai-Tao Gao ◽  
Yan-Ming Zhu ◽  
Fu-Hua Shang ◽  
Chong-Yu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Shale Gas ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Burial History ◽  
Qinshui Basin ◽  
Pore Sizes ◽  
Taiyuan Formation ◽  
Forming Characteristics

Shales are widely developed in the strata of the Carboniferous-Permian coal measures in the Qinshui Basin, and these shales have great potential for shale gas exploration. In this paper, the shales of the Taiyuan Formation in the eastern Qinshui Basin are studied. The shales of the Taiyuan Formation in the study area are investigated through field investigation, organic geochemical testing, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, high pressure mercury injection, low temperature liquid nitrogen adsorption and PetroMod simulation and through other tests to study the reservoir characteristics, such as organic geochemistry, mineralogy, petrology, pore permeability, and gas burial history. The results show that the shales of the Taiyuan Formation are well developed over the whole area with a thickness of more than 60 m. The average organic matter content is 2.95%, and the kerogen type is type III. The shale maturity (average value is 2.45%) corresponds to the stage of high maturity evolution, indicating that a large amount of shale gas has been generated in this area. A high content of quartz and clay minerals indicates a high fracturability. The nanopores in the shale reservoir are well developed at pore sizes between 2˜10 nm and greater than 1000 nm; however, the pores at the other pore sizes are poorly developed, resulting in weak pore connectivity in the reservoir. According to the results of the PetroMod simulation, the shale of the Taiyuan Formation has undergone two subsidence and two uplift processes. The Yanshanian magmatic intrusion is the key factor for the rapid increase in gas production. In addition, the geological structure of the area is relatively simple, and the burial history and caprock thickness are also the main controlling factors of gas generation and preservation. The shale-sandstone-shale combination and shale-coal-shale combination are the main models of shale gas preservation. This comprehensive study suggests that the shale gas of the Taiyuan Formation in the eastern Qinshui Bain has good potential for exploration and development.

scholarly journals Geochemistry and Mineralogy of Lower Paleozoic Heituao Shale from Tadong Low Uplift of Tarim Basin, China: Implication for Shale Gas Development

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 635
Author(s):  
Shihu Zhao ◽  
Yanbin Wang ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
Honghui Li ◽  
Zhaohui Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Tarim Basin ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Lower Paleozoic ◽  
Development Potential ◽  
Middle Ordovician ◽  
Average Value

Tarim Basin is the largest Petroliferous basin in China, while its shale gas development potential has not been fully revealed. The organic-rich black shale in middle Ordovician Heituao Formation from Tadong low uplift of Tarim Basin has been considered as an important source rock and has the characteristic of large thickness, high organic matter content and high thermal maturity degree. To obtain its development potential, geochemical, mineralogical and mechanics research is conducted based on Rock-Eval pyrolysis, total organic carbon (TOC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and uniaxial compression experiments. The results show that: (1) the TOC content ranges between 0.63 and 2.51 wt% with an average value of 1.22 wt%, the Tmax values are 382–523 °C (average = 468.9 °C), and the S2 value is relatively low which ranges from 0.08 to 1.37 mg HC/g rock (averaging of 0.42 mg HC/g rock); (2) the organic matter of Heituao shale in Tadong low uplift show poor abundance as indicated by low S2 value, gas-prone property, and post mature stage (stage of dry gas). (3) Quartz is the main mineral component in Heituao shale samples, accounting for 26–94 wt% with an average of 72 wt%. Additionally, its Young’s modulus ranges from 20.0 to 23.1 GPa with an average of 21.2 GPa, Poisson’s ratio ranges between 0.11 and 0.21 (average = 0.15); (4) the fracability parameter of brittleness index (BI) ranges between 0.28 and 0.99 (averaging of 0.85), indicating good fracability potential of Heituao shale of Tadong low uplift and has the potential for shale gas development. This study reveals the shale gas accumulation potential in middle Ordovician of the Tarim Basin, and beneficial for future exploration and production practice.

Experimental Study of the Coproduction Technology of Straw and Excrement Ferment for Biogas and Organic Compound Fertilizer

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 520-526
Author(s):  
Hang Zhou Yuan ◽  
Quan Guo Zhang ◽  
Yan Yan Jing ◽  
Xiang Feng Zhang ◽  
Yi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Organic Mass ◽  
Nutritional Elements ◽  
Compound Fertilizer ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

This paper used respective ratios of 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100% of straw and pig excrement as raw materials to produce biogas and fertilizer. The test focused on gas production, the contents of available nutritional elements nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and the organic matter content. The experimental results demonstrate the fermentation can produce more biogas, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and organic mass under the conditions which the fermentation cycle is 15 days and the ratio of straw and excrement is 70%.

Gas Generation Regularities of Dissipated Soluble Organic Matter in Sichuan Basin

2014 ◽  
Vol 977 ◽  
pp. 308-311
Author(s):  
Hai Tao Xue ◽  
Guo Dong Mu ◽  
Shan Si Tian ◽  
Shuang Fang Lu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sichuan Basin ◽  
Thermal Evolution ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Soluble Organic Matter ◽  
Gas Generation ◽  
Marine Strata ◽  
Proper Order ◽  
Gas Generation Rate

The organic matter of marine strata has high degree of thermal evolution in Sichuan Basin. The gas generation ability of kerogen is very limited, which mainly relies on the soluble organic matter as gas parent material to provide gas source for gas reservoir. In this paper, chemical kinetics method and experiments are applied to study on the history of gas generation and gas generation rate of organic matter in Sichuan marine strata. Result shows that dissipated soluble organic matter in source rocks, dissipated soluble organic matter out of source rocks and organic matter in paleo-reservoir successively generate gas in proper order. Dissipated soluble organic matter out of source rocks and the oil in paleo-reservoir belong to late gas generation.

scholarly journals Organic Geochemistry Of The Middle To Upper Jurassic Source Rocks Succession In Balad-1 Well, Balad Oil Field, Central Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 125-138
Author(s):  
Fawzi M.O. Albeyati ◽  
◽  
Rzger A. Abdula ◽  
Rushdy S. Othman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Geochemistry ◽  
Equilibrium Phase ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Depositional Setting

Thirty four cuttings samples from the Jurassic rock succession in well Balad-1 in the Balad Oil Field, Central Iraq have been collected. Using various organic geochemical techniques, the organic matter’s quantity, quality, maturity, and their source rock’s depositional setting were determined. The samples were evaluated to determine the amount of their organic matter content, type of organic matter, δ13C carbon isotopes abundance for both saturated and aromatic, and molecular properties. The results of organic geochemistry analysis show that Sargelu, Gotnia, and Chia Gara formations contain fair to decent amounts of organic matter. Naokelekan Formation encompasses fair to excellent organic matter, while Najmah Formation comprises very high to exceptional organic matter. The analyzed samples revealed the existence of kerogen types III and II/III mainly within oil window. Thermal maturity related biomarkers are in a good agreement with Rock-Eval parameters, but did not reach equilibrium phase. Source related biomarkers show that these rock units rich in organic matter were mainly deposited in an anoxic marine depositional setting which consists of carbonate influenced by terrestrial input.

scholarly journals SHALE GAS SWEET SPOT POTENTIAL OF TUNGKAL GRABEN, JAMBI SUB-BASIN SOUTH SUMATERA BASIN

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
Taufik Ramli ◽  
M. Heri Hermiyanto Z ◽  
Andy Setyo Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Shale Gas ◽  
Organic Geochemistry ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Sweet Spot ◽  
Gas Generation ◽  
Spot Area ◽  
Total Potential ◽  
Gas Bearing

The Tungkal Graben is located in Jambi Sub-basin, the northern part of South Sumatera Basin. This basin is known as one of the largest hydrocarbons producing basin in Indonesia. There are several proven source rocks in the South Sumatera Basin. The paralic shales and coal horizon of Talangakar Formation (TAF) are known as primary source rock in this basin and considered as a reservoir of shale gas-bearing in Tungkal Graben Area as well. This study used surface geological data that was collected from the southern foot of Tiga Puluh Mountain as the outcrop analogy and subsurface data (existing well and seismic data) in Tungkal Graben Area. This study applied integrated methods including environmental deposition analysis, organic geochemistry analysis, petrophysical analysis, seismic interpretation, sweet spot delineation, and volumetric of gas in place (GIP) calculation. TAF observed both on the outcrop and well is transition deposit that consists of the dominance of shale and siltstone with interbedded of coal, sandstone, and limestone. Shale and siltstone of TAF have characteristic which is appropriate as a shale gas bearing, with sufficient organic content richness, suitable kerogen type, its maturity entering the early gas generation and proper brittleness index (BI). The sweet spot area is an area that has met the criteria for potential shale gas and determined by pay zone criteria. Depend on the criteria, Net to gross for shale gas is 0.158, early gas generation estimated at a depth of 10250 feet, and sweet spot area reaches 8.9 x 108 ft2. Thus, the total potential of shale gas resources from the calculation using the Ambrose method is 2.12 TCF.

scholarly journals Emerging unconventional shale plays in Western Australia

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 313 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ameed R. Ghori
Keyword(s):  
Shale Gas ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Marcellus Shale ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Lower Permian ◽  
Upper Ordovician ◽  
Canning Basin ◽  
The Us ◽  
Gas Potential

Production of shale gas in the US has changed its position from a gas importer to a potential gas exporter. This has stimulated exploration for shale-gas resources in WA. The search started with Woodada Deep–1 (2010) and Arrowsmith–2 (2011) in the Perth Basin to evaluate the shale-gas potential of the Permian Carynginia Formation and the Triassic Kockatea Shale, and Nicolay–1 (2011) in the Canning Basin to evaluate the shale-gas potential of the Ordovician Goldwyer Formation. Estimated total shale-gas potential for these formations is about 288 trillion cubic feet (Tcf). Other petroleum source rocks include the Devonian Gogo and Lower Carboniferous Laurel formations of the Canning Basin, the Lower Permian Wooramel and Byro groups of the onshore Carnarvon Basin, and the Neoproterozoic shales of the Officer Basin. The Canning and Perth basins are producing petroleum, whereas the onshore Carnarvon and Officer basins are not producing, but they have indications for petroleum source rocks, generation, and migration from geochemistry data. Exploration is at a very early stage, and more work is needed to estimate the shale-gas potential of all source rocks and to verify estimated resources. Exploration for shale gas in WA will benefit from new drilling and production techniques and technologies developed during the past 15 years in the US, where more than 102,000 successful gas production wells have been drilled. WA shale-gas plays are stratigraphically and geochemically comparable to producing plays in the Upper Ordovician Utica Shale, Middle Devonian Marcellus Shale and Upper Devonian Bakken Formation, Upper Mississippian Barnett Shale, Upper Jurassic Haynesville-Bossier formations, and Upper Cretaceous Eagle Ford Shale of the US. WA is vastly under-explored and emerging self-sourcing shale plays have revived onshore exploration in the Canning, Carnarvon, and Perth basins.

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