Study on the Shale Gas Reservoir-Forming Characteristics of the Taiyuan Formation in the Eastern Qinshui Basin, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-84
Author(s):  
Hai-Tao Gao ◽  
Yan-Ming Zhu ◽  
Fu-Hua Shang ◽  
Chong-Yu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Shale Gas ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Burial History ◽  
Qinshui Basin ◽  
Pore Sizes ◽  
Taiyuan Formation ◽  
Forming Characteristics

Shales are widely developed in the strata of the Carboniferous-Permian coal measures in the Qinshui Basin, and these shales have great potential for shale gas exploration. In this paper, the shales of the Taiyuan Formation in the eastern Qinshui Basin are studied. The shales of the Taiyuan Formation in the study area are investigated through field investigation, organic geochemical testing, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, high pressure mercury injection, low temperature liquid nitrogen adsorption and PetroMod simulation and through other tests to study the reservoir characteristics, such as organic geochemistry, mineralogy, petrology, pore permeability, and gas burial history. The results show that the shales of the Taiyuan Formation are well developed over the whole area with a thickness of more than 60 m. The average organic matter content is 2.95%, and the kerogen type is type III. The shale maturity (average value is 2.45%) corresponds to the stage of high maturity evolution, indicating that a large amount of shale gas has been generated in this area. A high content of quartz and clay minerals indicates a high fracturability. The nanopores in the shale reservoir are well developed at pore sizes between 2˜10 nm and greater than 1000 nm; however, the pores at the other pore sizes are poorly developed, resulting in weak pore connectivity in the reservoir. According to the results of the PetroMod simulation, the shale of the Taiyuan Formation has undergone two subsidence and two uplift processes. The Yanshanian magmatic intrusion is the key factor for the rapid increase in gas production. In addition, the geological structure of the area is relatively simple, and the burial history and caprock thickness are also the main controlling factors of gas generation and preservation. The shale-sandstone-shale combination and shale-coal-shale combination are the main models of shale gas preservation. This comprehensive study suggests that the shale gas of the Taiyuan Formation in the eastern Qinshui Bain has good potential for exploration and development.

Study on the Forming Conditions of Shale Gas in Coal Measure of Wuli Area, Qinghai Province, China

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 2770-2773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dai Yong Cao ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Ying Chun Wei ◽  
Xiao Yu Zhang ◽  
Chong Jing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Shale Gas ◽  
Thermal Evolution ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Coal Measure ◽  
Gas Generation ◽  
Qinghai Province ◽  
Coal Measures

Besides coal seam, the source rocks including dark mudstone, carbon mudstone and so on account for a large proportion in the coal measures. Based on the complex geothermal evolution history, the majority of coal measure organic matters with the peak of gas generation have a good potential of gas. Therefore, shale gas in coal measure is an important part of the shale gas resources. There are good conditions including the thickness of coal measures, high proportion of shale rocks, rich in organic matter content, high degree of thermal evolution, high content of brittle mineral and good conditions of the porosity and permeability for the generation of shale gas in Wuli area, the south of Qinghai province. Also the direct evidence of the gas production has been obtained from the borehole. The evaluation of shale gas in coal measure resources could broaden the understanding of the shale gas resources and promote the comprehensive development of the coal resources.

scholarly journals Geochemistry and Mineralogy of Lower Paleozoic Heituao Shale from Tadong Low Uplift of Tarim Basin, China: Implication for Shale Gas Development

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 635
Author(s):  
Shihu Zhao ◽  
Yanbin Wang ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
Honghui Li ◽  
Zhaohui Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Tarim Basin ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Lower Paleozoic ◽  
Development Potential ◽  
Middle Ordovician ◽  
Average Value

Tarim Basin is the largest Petroliferous basin in China, while its shale gas development potential has not been fully revealed. The organic-rich black shale in middle Ordovician Heituao Formation from Tadong low uplift of Tarim Basin has been considered as an important source rock and has the characteristic of large thickness, high organic matter content and high thermal maturity degree. To obtain its development potential, geochemical, mineralogical and mechanics research is conducted based on Rock-Eval pyrolysis, total organic carbon (TOC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and uniaxial compression experiments. The results show that: (1) the TOC content ranges between 0.63 and 2.51 wt% with an average value of 1.22 wt%, the Tmax values are 382–523 °C (average = 468.9 °C), and the S2 value is relatively low which ranges from 0.08 to 1.37 mg HC/g rock (averaging of 0.42 mg HC/g rock); (2) the organic matter of Heituao shale in Tadong low uplift show poor abundance as indicated by low S2 value, gas-prone property, and post mature stage (stage of dry gas). (3) Quartz is the main mineral component in Heituao shale samples, accounting for 26–94 wt% with an average of 72 wt%. Additionally, its Young’s modulus ranges from 20.0 to 23.1 GPa with an average of 21.2 GPa, Poisson’s ratio ranges between 0.11 and 0.21 (average = 0.15); (4) the fracability parameter of brittleness index (BI) ranges between 0.28 and 0.99 (averaging of 0.85), indicating good fracability potential of Heituao shale of Tadong low uplift and has the potential for shale gas development. This study reveals the shale gas accumulation potential in middle Ordovician of the Tarim Basin, and beneficial for future exploration and production practice.

Experimental Study of the Coproduction Technology of Straw and Excrement Ferment for Biogas and Organic Compound Fertilizer

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 520-526
Author(s):  
Hang Zhou Yuan ◽  
Quan Guo Zhang ◽  
Yan Yan Jing ◽  
Xiang Feng Zhang ◽  
Yi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Organic Mass ◽  
Nutritional Elements ◽  
Compound Fertilizer ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

This paper used respective ratios of 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100% of straw and pig excrement as raw materials to produce biogas and fertilizer. The test focused on gas production, the contents of available nutritional elements nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and the organic matter content. The experimental results demonstrate the fermentation can produce more biogas, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and organic mass under the conditions which the fermentation cycle is 15 days and the ratio of straw and excrement is 70%.

Prediction of in vivo digestibility of forages using in vitro techniques: comparison of the two-stage Tilley & Terry method with a gas production method

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 223-223
Author(s):  
A. Pendong ◽  
J.H.T. Barbi ◽  
E. Owen ◽  
E.R. Deaville
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
In Vitro Techniques ◽  
Fermentation Kinetics

During the past twenty years the in vitro, two-stage digestibility method of Tilley and Terry (1963) has been widely used to predict the in vivo digestible organic matter content (DOMD) of forage dry matter. Recently in vitro gas production methods have attracted considerable research interest because of their potential to simulate the fermentation kinetics of forages in the rumen. However the potential of gas production methods to assess DOMD, as well as fermentation kinetics, has not been reported.

scholarly journals Study on Competitive Adsorption and Displacing Properties of CO2 Enhanced Shale Gas Recovery: Advances and Challenges

Geofluids ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Shuyang Liu ◽  
Baojiang Sun ◽  
Jianchun Xu ◽  
Hangyu Li ◽  
Xiaopu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Shale Gas ◽  
Adsorption Mechanism ◽  
Competitive Adsorption ◽  
Gas Adsorption ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Gas Recovery ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Displacement Experiments ◽  
Adsorption Of Co2

CO2 enhanced shale gas recovery (CO2-ESGR) draws worldwide attentions in recent years with having significant environmental benefit of CO2 geological storage and economic benefit of shale gas production. This paper is aimed at reviewing the state of experiment and model studies on gas adsorption, competitive adsorption of CO2/CH4, and displacement of CO2-CH4 in shale in the process of CO2-ESGR and pointing out the related challenges and opportunities. Gas adsorption mechanism in shale, influencing factors (organic matter content, kerogen type, thermal maturity, inorganic compositions, moisture, and micro/nano-scale pore), and adsorption models are described in this work. The competitive adsorption mechanisms are qualitatively ascertained by analysis of unique molecular and supercritical properties of CO2 and the interaction of CO2 with shale matrix. Shale matrix shows a stronger affinity with CO2, and thus, adsorption capacity of CO2 is larger than that of CH4 even with the coexistence of CO2-CH4 mixture. Displacement experiments of CO2-CH4 in shale proved that shale gas recovery is enhanced by the competitive adsorption of CO2 to CH4. Although the competitive adsorption mechanism is preliminary revealed, some challenges still exist. Competitive adsorption behavior is not fully understood in the coexistence of CO2 and CH4 components, and more experiment and model studies on adsorption of CO2-CH4 mixtures need to be conducted under field conditions. Coupling of competitive adsorption with displacing flow is key factor for CO2-ESGR but not comprehensively studied. More displacement experiments of CO2-CH4 in shale are required for revealing the mechanism of flow and transport of gas in CO2-ESGR.

Prediction of in vivo digestibility of forages using in vitro techniques: comparison of the two-stage Tilley & Terry method with a gas production method

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 223-223
Author(s):  
A. Pendong ◽  
J.H.T. Barbi ◽  
E. Owen ◽  
E.R. Deaville
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
In Vitro Techniques ◽  
Fermentation Kinetics

During the past twenty years the in vitro, two-stage digestibility method of Tilley and Terry (1963) has been widely used to predict the in vivo digestible organic matter content (DOMD) of forage dry matter. Recently in vitro gas production methods have attracted considerable research interest because of their potential to simulate the fermentation kinetics of forages in the rumen. However the potential of gas production methods to assess DOMD, as well as fermentation kinetics, has not been reported.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Favorable Shale Gas Intervals in Dawuba Formation of Ziyun Area, South Qian Depression

Geofluids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Kun Yuan ◽  
Wenhui Huang ◽  
Xinxin Fang ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
Tuo Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shale Gas ◽  
Vitrinite Reflectance ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
The Third ◽  
Porosity And Permeability ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Core Description

A series of qualitative descriptions and quantitative analyses was used to determine the lithofacies characteristics and recognize the favorable shale intervals of Dawuba Formation in the Ziyun area of South Qian Depression. The qualitative descriptions include core description and scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation. The quantitative analyses include X-ray diffraction, total organic content analysis, vitrinite reflectance, maceral composition, porosity, and permeability, as well as gas and element composition. The Dawuba Formation could be divided into four members. In general, the shale in the first and third members showed similarly high organic matter content with most samples in range of 2–2.5% and higher brittle mineral content with a content of quartz 40.53% and 33.21%, respectively, compared with the other two members, as well as high gas content. However, the first member shale samples exhibited much higher porosity and permeability than the third member shale samples. Furthermore, the shale gas in the first member was chiefly composed of methane (average: 83.63%), while that in the third member mainly consisted of nitrogen (average: 79.92%). Hence, the first member should be regarded as the most favorable target.

HEAVY METAL SPECIATION IN BOTTOM SEDIMENTS OF THE VYSHNEVOLOTSKY RESERVOIR

2018 ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
O. A. Lipatnikova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Metal Speciation ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Heavy Metal Speciation ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Manganese Hydroxides

The study of heavy metal speciation in bottom sediments of the Vyshnevolotsky water reservoir is presented in this paper. Sequential selective procedure was used to determine the heavy metal speciation in bottom sediments and thermodynamic calculation — to determine ones in interstitial water. It has been shown that Mn are mainly presented in exchangeable and carbonate forms; for Fe, Zn, Pb и Co the forms are related to iron and manganese hydroxides is played an important role; and Cu and Ni are mainly associated with organic matter. In interstitial waters the main forms of heavy metal speciation are free ions for Zn, Ni, Co and Cd, carbonate complexes for Pb, fulvate complexes for Cu. Effects of particle size and organic matter content in sediments on distribution of mobile and potentially mobile forms of toxic elements have been revealed.

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