Photodegradation of Bisphenol A (BPA) by Carbon Doped TiO2 under Sunlight Irradiation

2013 ◽  
Vol 378 ◽  
pp. 121-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Yin Kuo ◽  
Ya Hui Yang ◽  
Hung Min Hsiao ◽  
Ssu Chun Liao
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Carbon Doping ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Sunlight Irradiation ◽  
Carbon Doped ◽  
Photodegradation Rate ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

Carbon-doped TiO2 (C-TiO2) was synthesized to degrade bisphenol A (BPA) under sunlight irradiation. The C-TiO2 was a mixture of Degussa P25 and carbon fibers. Surface characteristics of prepared photocatalysts were measured by X-ray diffraction, ultraviolent (UV)-vis spectroscopy, and a BET surface area analyzer. The BPA removal rate satisfies pseudo-first-order kinetics. The percentage of anatase in TiO2 and C-TiO2 (C/Ti mole ratio = 0.05) was 75.5% and 76.1%, the specific surface area was 45.6 and 46.4 m2/g, band gap energy was 3.13 and 2.93 eV, and the BPA photodegradation rate was 1.48, and 2.08 hr-1, respectively. Photocatalytic activity of TiO2 was increased by carbon doping. The C-TiO2 was effective in degrading BPA under sunlight irradiation.

The Influence of Carbon Doping on TiO2 Nanoparticle Size, Surface Area, Anatase to Rutile Phase Transformation and Photocatalytic Activity

2012 ◽  
Vol 712 ◽  
pp. 49-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Nyamukamba ◽  
Lilian Tichagwa ◽  
C. Greyling
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Rutile Phase ◽  
Carbon Doping ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Carbon Doped

Visible light-sensitive carbon doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles (C-TiO2) were prepared by a sol-gel method. The carbon dopant was obtained from glucose. The dopant level incorporated into the TiO2lattice structure was varied by using different concentrations of the carbon source solution. The nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), BET Surface area, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Scanning X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (SXPS) and Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The presence of carbon in the TiO2lattice was determined by SXPS. The DRS results revealed that carbon doping reduced the band gap of TiO2. Doping was also found to cause a reduction in the particle size of the TiO2nanoparticles and enhance anatase to rutile phase transformation. The photocatalytic activities of the prepared samples were evaluated by the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange. The carbon doped TiO2showed a higher photocatalytic activity than degussa P25 and undoped TiO2.

scholarly journals Probing Internalization Effects and Biocompatibility of Ultrasmall Zirconium Metal-Organic Frameworks UiO-66 NP in U251 Glioblastoma Cancer Cells

Nanomaterials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cataldo Arcuri ◽  
Lorenzo Monarca ◽  
Francesco Ragonese ◽  
Carmen Mecca ◽  
Stefano Bruscoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acridine Orange ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Spectroscopy Analysis ◽  
Cancer Cell Growth ◽  
Electron Microscopies ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Internalization Process ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Average Size

The synthesis of ultrasmall UiO-66 nanoparticles (NPs) with an average size of 25 nm, determined by X-ray powder diffraction and electron microscopies analysis, is reported. The NPs were stabilized in water by dialyzing the NP from the DMF used for the synthesis. DLS measurements confirmed the presence of particles of 100 nm, which are spherical aggregates of smaller particles of 20–30 nm size. The NP have a BET surface area of 700 m2/g with an external surface area of 300 m2/g. UiO-66_N (UiO-66 nanoparticles) were loaded with acridine orange as fluorescent probe. UV-vis spectroscopy analysis revealed no acridine loss after 48 h of agitation in simulated body fluid. The biocompatibility of UiO-66_N was evaluated in human glioblastoma (GBM) cell line U251, the most malignant (IV grade of WHO classification) among brain tumors. In U251 cells, UiO-66_N are inert since they do not alter the cell cycle, the viability, migration properties, and the expression of kinases involved in cancer cell growth. The internalization process was evident after a few hours of incubation. After 24 h, UiO-66_N@Acr (UiO-66_N loaded with acridine orange) were detectable around the nuclei of the cells. These data suggest that small UiO-66 are biocompatible NP and could represent a potential carrier for drug delivery in glioblastoma therapies.

The role of oxygen vacancy over ZnCr-layered double oxide in enhancing solar light-driven photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol A

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meiqing Chen ◽  
Pingxiao Wu ◽  
Qianqian Wei ◽  
Yajie Zhu ◽  
Shanshan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Oxygen Vacancies ◽  
Solar Light ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

Environmental contextAn important goal in attempts to degrade environmental organic pollutants is the development of a photocatalyst that is responsive to visible light. We report a facile method for preparing a zinc-based photocatalyst with oxygen vacancies that efficiently degrades bisphenol A under solar light irradiation. The study will stimulate further investigations into the efficacy of other metal oxide nanostructures for the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. AbstractTwo ZnCr-layered double oxides (ZnCr-LDO) were fabricated via different thermal treatment of the ZnCr-layered double hydroxide (ZnCr-LDH) precursor. ZnCr-V-700 and ZnCr-A-700 were obtained at 700 °C under vacuum and air, respectively. As X-ray diffraction revealed, both ZnCr-V-700 and ZnCr-A-700 were made up of ZnO and ZnCr2O4 spinel, and ZnCr-V-700 displayed a lower crystallinity and many uniform particles with oxygen vacancies. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy revealed that the particle size of ZnCr-V-700 was ~30 nm and its disordered crystallinity suggested the existence of oxygen vacancies. Notably, the ZnCr-LDO materials showed remarkably enhanced photocatalytic activity compared to the ZnCr-LDH precursor. ZnCr-V-700 was the most active material and more than 90 % of BPA was degraded after irradiation for 200 min with high mineralisation (up to 37 %). The results of Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman and UV-vis spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy showed that oxygen vacancies incorporated into ZnCr-V-700 played a key role in improving the photocatalytic performance by enhancing interfacial charge transfer and restricting the charge recombination. In addition, the uniform particle size, larger surface area and the coexistence of ZnO and ZnCr2O4 also played a synergistic role. In conclusion, this work not only provides a facile and low-cost method to prepare photocatalysts for treatment of wastewater containing BPA, but also supplies a new idea for improving the performance of photocatalysts.

Effects of Intercalated Mono-, Di- and Triethanolammonium Cations on the Structural and Surface Characteristics of Sodium Form of Bentonite

2014 ◽  
Vol 625 ◽  
pp. 98-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali E.I. Elkhalifah ◽  
Mohammad Azmi Bustam ◽  
Azmi Mohd Shariff ◽  
Sami Ullah ◽  
Biruh Shimekit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Molar Mass ◽  
Interlayer Space ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Tertiary Amines ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sodium Form

The present study investigates the effects of intercalation process of protonated primary, secondary and tertiary amines on structural and surface characteristics of sodium form of bentonite clay. For this purpose, sodium form of bentonite clay was prepared and then exchanged with mono-, di-and triethanolammonium cations via intercalation mechanism into the interlayer space of the clay. The prepared samples were characterized by XRD and BET techniques. An increase in the d-spacing of bentonite clay with the molar mass of amines was observed in their x-ray diffractograms, following the order of: triethanolamine > diethanolamine > monoethanolamine. The BET results showed a gradual decrease in the BET surface area with the increase in the molar mass of amines used. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the molar mass of amines has significant effects on structural and surface properties of bentonite clay.

V and F Codoped TiO2-SiO2 Composite Films for Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 2384-2387
Author(s):  
Ling Xiao Guan ◽  
Yao Yao
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Composite Film ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Methyl Green ◽  
Simple Process ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Excellent Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Photocatalytic Activities

A simple process was developed for preparation of highly photoactive V and F codoped TiO2-SiO2 composite film. The as-prepared specimens were characterized using Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, photoluminescence (PL) spectra, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The BET results revealed that the surface area of the modified TiO2 sample was 413 m2 g-1, while pure TiO2 103 m2 g-1. The PL results showed that the recombination rate of the photo-generated electrons and holes was effectively prohibited via the multi-modification. The photocatalytic activities of the films were evaluated by degradation of methyl green (MG) dye. Compared with pure TiO2 film, the multi-modified TiO2 film exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity and clearly responsive to the visible light. Keywords: V and F codoping; TiO2-SiO2 composite film; Photocatalytic activity

IMPACT OF PLASMA SURFACE TREATMENT ON BAMBOO CHARCOAL/SILVER NANOCOMPOSITE

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (01) ◽  
pp. 1550089 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. VIGNESH ◽  
K. A. VIJAYALAKSHMI ◽  
N. KARTHIKEYAN
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Oxygen Plasma ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Oxygen Plasma Treatment ◽  
Bamboo Charcoal ◽  
Area Formula ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

Bamboo charcoal (BC) accompanied silver (Ag) nanocomposite is synthesized through sol–gel method. The produced BC/Ag nanocomposite was surface modified by air and oxygen plasma treatments. Silver ions (Ag[Formula: see text]) will serve to improve the antibacterial activity as well as the surface area of BC. Plasma treatment has improved the surface functional groups, crystalline intensity and antibacterial activity of the prepared nanocomposite. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies show that Ag nanoparticles have good agreement with BC and the particle size has a mean diameter of 20–40[Formula: see text]nm. We observe the carboxyl functional groups in Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) after the oxygen plasma treatment. Moreover surface area and adsorption were analyzed by using the Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) surface area ([Formula: see text]) and UV–Vis spectroscopy.

scholarly journals Characterization of Activated Carbons from Oil-Palm Shell by CO2Activation with No Holding Carbonization Temperature

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Herawan ◽  
M. S. Hadi ◽  
Md. R. Ayob ◽  
A. Putra
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Preparation Time

Activated carbons can be produced from different precursors, including coals of different ranks, and lignocellulosic materials, by physical or chemical activation processes. The objective of this paper is to characterize oil-palm shells, as a biomass byproduct from palm-oil mills which were converted into activated carbons by nitrogen pyrolysis followed by CO2activation. The effects of no holding peak pyrolysis temperature on the physical characteristics of the activated carbons are studied. The BET surface area of the activated carbon is investigated using N2adsorption at 77 K with selected temperatures of 500, 600, and 700°C. These pyrolysis conditions for preparing the activated carbons are found to yield higher BET surface area at a pyrolysis temperature of 700°C compared to selected commercial activated carbon. The activated carbons thus result in well-developed porosities and predominantly microporosities. By using this activation method, significant improvement can be obtained in the surface characteristics of the activated carbons. Thus this study shows that the preparation time can be shortened while better results of activated carbon can be produced.

Preparation and Photoactivity of Titanium Dioxide-Coated Carbon Felt Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

2010 ◽  
Vol 146-147 ◽  
pp. 1754-1760 ◽  
Author(s):  
You Ji Li ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Lei Yong Li ◽  
Ming Yuan Ma
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Carbon Felt ◽  
Titanium Tetraisopropoxide ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Supercritical Treatment ◽  
Cr Concentration ◽  
Coated Carbon

TiO2–coated carbon felt (TCF) was prepared via a supercritical treatment with titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) and different carbon felt as a precursor and support, respectively. The TCF samples with different carbon felts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, UV-VIS spectroscopy, particle size analyzer and BET surface area. The photocatalytic activities of samples were evaluated by congo red (CR) degradation. The result reveals that all the three samples show much higher photoactivity than the commercial P25. The activity order of the three samples is TCF1< TCF2 < TCF3. The photoactivity is strongly dependent on the surface area and the crystallite size: the larger the surface area and the smaller the crystallites, the higher the efficacy of photocatalytic degradation. The optimal photocatalytic condition is a CR concentration of 45 mg/l at pH 7.

scholarly journals Removal of Congo Red Dye using Synthesised Copper(II) Activated Carbon from Date Seeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Nur rahimah Said ◽  
Hazirah Syahirah Zakria ◽  
Siti Nor Atika Baharin ◽  
Nurul' Ain Jamion
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Effective Removal ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Red Dye

Azo dyes are recognised as contaminants from the textile and printing industries that lead to human toxicity. Copper(II) activated carbon (CuAC) is an effective removal agent of dyes in these industries. The purpose of this study is to synthesise and characterise CuAC from date seeds. In addition, the efficiency of CuAC as a removal of Congo red (CR) in aqueous solution is also studied. Activated carbon (AC) was prepared from date seeds using phosphoric acid as activating agent, followed by activation process in a furnace at 500 ℃ for 2 hours. Copper(II) nitrate was used in the impregnation of AC to produce CuAC. The AC and CuAC were characterised using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), BET surface area (SBET), Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). UV-VIS Spectroscopy was used to determine dye concentrations after treatment with removal agent of CuAC. The characterisation data proved that the CuAC has been successfully synthesised with 0.33% Cu(II) loaded onto AC and its surface area increased from 8.37 m2/g to 384.82 m2/g. The dye removal study was conducted at 10 ppm concentration of dye. Result revealed that 0.2 g of CuAC at pH 2 in 90 min removed 100% of CR dye.

Study on Modified Ceramic in Treatment of Micro-Polluted Source Water for Strengthening Filtration

2012 ◽  
Vol 500 ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
Yuan Yuan Dai ◽  
Jian Yuan ◽  
Jing Ren Zhang ◽  
Lian Wang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Aluminum Hydroxide ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Internal Surface ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Ferric Nitrate ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Internal Surface Area ◽  
Modified Media

As filter media sand, ceramic has the certain removal effect in treating turbidity, organic matter from water .but the removal rate is limited. Modied filter could change filter surface characteristics. in this article, modied ceramic with aluminum hydroxide 。the experimental resulta showe that the trentment effect of ceramics filter coated aluminum is higher than ordinary ceramic in turbidity, CODMn, UV254 in the water, the removal efficacy is 96.64%，38.14%,47.77%respectively,aftercoated aluminum ceramic getting through the filter candle ,the Zeta potential of filter water is more close to zeto point and helpful for adhering to particles and intercepted. Conventional filtering process of water plant adopting quard sand ,ceramic so on media has low treatment tate in low turbidy , contaninging organic micro-polluted source watet .the reason that those media specific surface area is limited ,under neutral condition surface carries negative charge,absorption capacity is little.which affect impurities adhesion on filter materials[1],to make outlet water quality improved ,.people begin to seek economic,good treatment effect filter media,modified media has become a kind of new workmamship in rencent 10 years[2-6]. .Modified media could make ordinary media surface properties improve, enhance intercepting capability and absoption.now much study regard sand as carrier .and ferric chloride,ferric nitrate,aluminum oxide as modifier. adopt study of modified ceramic little,although ceramic has more porosity , aperture and specific sueface area,which formed internal surface area is smaller respectively .accoding to sanitary standard for drinking water ,ameliorating ceramic performance and advancing effluent is urgently to be solve daboutsubject. this study used aluminum hydroxide as modifier ,investigated coater aluminum ceramic filtering effect.

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