The Importance of Lightweight Concrete Technology Development for IBS Industry in Malaysia Based on Cost Comparison between Concrete Slab and Hollow Core Slab: A Case Study of LRT Car Park Project

2014 ◽  
Vol 567 ◽  
pp. 637-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Zakwan Ramli ◽  
Harlina Mohd Mahayudin ◽  
G. Hayder ◽  
Z.M. Hafiz ◽  
M. Daud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Cost Comparison ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Hollow Core ◽  
Concrete Technology ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Hollow Core Slab

There are several issues related to the implementation of new Industrialised Building System (IBS) technology in Malaysia which some of them are the awareness among industry players, and lack of development on the new technology in the industry. The main constraint that has always been discussed by the IBS players is time and cost. To have more reliable product or technology in terms of cost and time, it is important to craft and develop new idea as well as technology in our own country. The objective of this study was to highlight the cost comparison between cast in-situ concrete slab and hollow core slab (lightweight) which it can be a starting point for future research on the development of new lightweight IBS technology in Malaysia to get the most reliable cost with latest technology by using local resources. Informations on costs and work durations are collected and analysed between two floors using two different construction methods (hollow core slab and conventional concrete slab). Hollow core slab (lightweight IBS) has similar or less cost with shorter construction period (30% shorter) for the project.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF FOAMING AGENT IN SELF CONSOLIDATING LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE (SCLC)

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Afiq Mohd Fauzi ◽  
Ahmad Ruslan Mohd Ridzuan ◽  
Nurliza Jasmi ◽  
Mohd Fadzil Arshad ◽  
Mohd Shafee Harun
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Foam Concrete ◽  
Concrete Technology ◽  
Normal Concrete ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Foaming Agent ◽  
Self Consolidating Concrete ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Lightweight Foam

Self-Consolidating Lightweight Concrete (SCLC) is relatively a new concept and can be regarded as a revolutionary development in the field of concrete technology. It is a type of concrete that might not require vibration for placing it and could be produced by reducing the density of concrete. However, the density of normal Self Consolidating Concrete (SCC) is similar to normal concrete approximately 2400kg/m3. By using foaming agent, the density of concrete can be reduced up to 1800kg/m3. Due to the heavy density of concrete, it will give the initial higher supply cost over conventional concrete, has slowed down its application to general construction. It is also hard to handle for construction and transportation. Therefore, it is advantages to produce SCC with lower density to provide benefit and enhancement of its performance by a combination of two types of concrete technology that is SCC technology and Lightweight Foam Concrete technology. This paper was focused to identify the effect of foaming agent on the fresh properties and compressive strength of SCLC. The influence of foaming agent contained in the range from 0 second, 1 second, 2 second, 3 second and 4 second to the strength characteristic identified in the SCLC. The specimens were tested for compressive strength at 3, 7, 14 and 28 days. The result indicated that the compressive strength of SCLC is decreasing when foaming agent content was added. Meanwhile, the flowability of SCLC is increasing when foaming agent content added. Based on the finding, SCLC containing 3 second of foaming agent is achieving the density target, which is 1800kg/m3 and better compressive strength performance.

scholarly journals A Computational Model for Prestressed Concrete Hollow-Core Slab Under Natural Fire

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pečenko ◽  
T. Hozjan ◽  
I. Planinc ◽  
S. Bratina
Keyword(s):  
Computational Model ◽  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Hollow Core ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Natural Fire ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Hollow Core Slab ◽  
Cooling Phase ◽  
Core Concrete

AbstractPerformance-based approach, introducing a new two-phase computational model for determining the response of prestressed hollow-core concrete slab exposed to natural fire including heating and cooling phase, is presented. Firstly, the two-dimensional coupled hygro-thermo-chemical model is used to determine time dependent temperature and moisture field in the characteristic cross-section of the concrete hollow-core slab during fire. In addition, the influence of opening on the temperature distribution over prestressed hollow-core concrete slab is accounted for. Secondly, stress–strain state of prestressed concrete hollow-core slab is determined with a newly developed one-dimensional geometrical and material non-linear model, which includes a slip between concrete and tendon. Temperature dependent mechanical properties of concrete, tendon and bond stiffness are accounted for in the model. Model validation showed that the presented two-phase computational model is suitable for the analysis of prestressed hollow-core concrete slab exposed to natural fire. Furthermore, parametric studies revealed that heat exchange between the concrete section and the opening has a significant influence on the development of temperatures in the slab, particularly in the cooling phase, and consequently also on the development of slab displacements. In addition, it was identified that accounting for the slip between concrete and tendon enables the determination of the bond stress distribution and evaluation of the load bearing capacity of the contact.

scholarly journals Thermal Performance of Hollow-Core Slab Ventilation System with Macro-Encapsulated Phase-Change Materials in Supply Air Duct

Buildings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasnat Jamil ◽  
Morshed Alam ◽  
Jay Sanjayan
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change ◽  
Temperature Fluctuation ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Thermal Mass ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Hollow Core ◽  
Hollow Core Slab

The aim of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of phase-change materials (PCMs) incorporated into the supply air duct of a hollow-core slab ventilation system. Both experimental and numerical approaches were adopted in this investigation. In the experimental work, the air was passed through a PCM-incorporated aluminum air duct, and the temperature at various points of the duct was recorded. Computational fluid dynamics models of the PCM-incorporated supply air duct and the hollow-core slab were developed and validated with the respective experimental data. The validated models were used to simulate the performance of PCM-incorporated hollow-core slabs during summer in Melbourne, Australia. The results showed that the reduction in temperature fluctuation varied with the way the PCM was incorporated inside the supply air duct. The temperature difference was maximum and was maintained for a longer period when the PCM was spread to all four internal surfaces of the supply air duct. The results also showed that the effectiveness of the combined PCM–air duct–hollow-core slab system in reducing the temperature fluctuation was lower than the individual performance of the PCM–air duct and hollow-core concrete slab for a given inlet temperature condition during the simulated period. This was because the integration of PCMs in the supply air duct resulted in a precooling effect which reduced the difference between the amplitude of slab inlet temperature swing and average slab temperature. As a result, the reduction in temperature fluctuation due to the thermal mass of the hollow-core slab was 21% lower in the presence of PCMs compared to the no-PCM case.

scholarly journals Improving the Shear Strength of Lightweight RC Thick Hollow Core Slab Made of Recycled Materials

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.20) ◽  
pp. 403
Author(s):  
Yousif Nassif Sabr ◽  
Dr. Husain Khalaf Jarallah ◽  
Dr. Hassan Issa Abdul Kareem
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Shear Failure ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Shear Behavior ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Hollow Core ◽  
Line Load ◽  
Mode Of Failure ◽  
Hollow Core Slab

This research paper focused on the experimental study about shear behavior of reinforced concrete thick hollow core slab. The reduction hollow length technique was used to resist the shear failure that occurred in the thick hollow core slab. The three hollows were used in tested slabs. The effect of reduction in the length of hollow in the shear region as well as the sides hollow was considered in the shear behavior of the tested hollow core slab. The recyclable material was used to a get of lightweight concrete, where the crushed clay brick was used as a coarse aggregate instead of the gravel. The test was done by applying two line load. The specimens were tested up to failure. The experimental results showed an increase in the shear strength up to 109.52% and an increase in the deflection up to 24% compared with the hollow core slab specimen that all hollow core is accessible. From the experimental result of this investigation can avoid the shear failure subsequently the load devolves from the shear region to the flexural region with change the mode of failure from shear failure to flexural-shear failure.   

Timber-Lightweight Aggregate Composite Floor Structure

2012 ◽  
Vol 730-732 ◽  
pp. 486-491
Author(s):  
Miljenko Haiman ◽  
Nenad Turčić
Keyword(s):  
Composite Structure ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Lightweight Aggregate ◽  
Lightweight Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Glued Laminated Timber

Nowadays, composite structures based on wood are frequently used. In civil engineering, mostly timber-concrete composite structures are used, particularly in reconstruction of old timber girder floor structures or manufacture of new ones at the reconstruction of old buildings in areas exposed to frequent earthquakes. In new buildings it is mainly glued laminated timber or lumber, while in reconstruction square timber is used. A timber beam is coupled with a concrete slab made either of conventional or a lightweight concrete. Best results are achieved by coupling timber with lightweight aggregate concrete that has all the properties similar to the timber except for its strength that is much higher and comparable to that of conventional concrete. This paper analyzes a composite timber-lightweight aggregate concrete structure. The basic girder is a T-cross section, with the web made of glulam, and flange made of lightweight concrete with expanded clay aggregate (Liapor). The two materials are coupled by means of mechanical fasteners, allowing joint action of the composite section. Quality of coupling has been determined by experimental tests carried out at the Laboratory of the Technical Mechanics Institute, Faculty of Civil Engineering in Zagreb. Finite element method was used for modelling of composite structures using ABAQUS software. The aim of this study was to determine the advantages of using timber-lightweight aggregate concrete composite structure, compared to solutions in which timber-conventional concrete composite structure or reinforced concrete slab are used.

Bending Strength of Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete Ribbed Slab Panel

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
AMIR SYAFIQ SAMSUDIN ◽  
MOHD HISBANY MOHD HASHIM ◽  
SITI HAWA HAMZAH ◽  
AFIDAH ABU BAKAR
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Steel Fibre ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Fibre Reinforcement ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Bending Load

Nowadays, demands in the application of fibre in concrete increase gradually as an engineering material. Rapid cost increment of material causes the increase in demand of new technology that provides safe, efficient and economical design for the present and future application. The introduction of ribbed slab reduces concrete materials and thus the cost, but the strength of the structure also reduces due to the reducing of material. Steel fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC) has the ability to maintain a part of its tensile strength prior to crack in order to resist more loading compared to conventional concrete. Meanwhile, the ribbed slab can help in material reduction. This research investigated on the bending strength of 2-ribbed and 3-ribbed concrete slab with steel fibre reinforcement under static loading with a span of 1500 mm and 1000 mm x 75 mm in cross section. An amount of 40 kg/m steel fibre of all total concrete volume was used as reinforcement instead of conventional bars with concrete grade 30 N/mm2. The slab was tested under three-point bending. Load versus deflection curve was plotted to illustrate the result and to compare the deflection between control and ribbed slab. This research shows that SFRC Ribbed Slab capable to withstand the same amount of load as normal slab structure, although the concrete volume reduces up to 20%.

scholarly journals Consumer Neuroscience Techniques in Advertising Research: A Bibliometric Citation Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1589
Author(s):  
Juan Sánchez-Fernández ◽  
Luis-Alberto Casado-Aranda ◽  
Ana-Belén Bastidas-Manzano
Keyword(s):  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Consumer Neuroscience ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Performance Analysis Tools

The limitations of self-report techniques (i.e., questionnaires or surveys) in measuring consumer response to advertising stimuli have necessitated more objective and accurate tools from the fields of neuroscience and psychology for the study of consumer behavior, resulting in the creation of consumer neuroscience. This recent marketing sub-field stems from a wide range of disciplines and applies multiple types of techniques to diverse advertising subdomains (e.g., advertising constructs, media elements, or prediction strategies). Due to its complex nature and continuous growth, this area of research calls for a clear understanding of its evolution, current scope, and potential domains in the field of advertising. Thus, this current research is among the first to apply a bibliometric approach to clarify the main research streams analyzing advertising persuasion using neuroimaging. Particularly, this paper combines a comprehensive review with performance analysis tools of 203 papers published between 1986 and 2019 in outlets indexed by the ISI Web of Science database. Our findings describe the research tools, journals, and themes that are worth considering in future research. The current study also provides an agenda for future research and therefore constitutes a starting point for advertising academics and professionals intending to use neuroimaging techniques.

scholarly journals Application of the Socio-Ecological System Framework to Forest Fire Risk Management: A Systematic Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Vigna ◽  
Angelo Besana ◽  
Elena Comino ◽  
Alessandro Pezzoli
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Wildfire Risk ◽  
Starting Point

Although increasing concern about climate change has raised awareness of the fundamental role of forest ecosystems, forests are threatened by human-induced impacts worldwide. Among them, wildfire risk is clearly the result of the interaction between human activities, ecological domains, and climate. However, a clear understanding of these interactions is still needed both at the global and local levels. Numerous studies have proven the validity of the socioecological system (SES) approach in addressing this kind of interdisciplinary issue. Therefore, a systematic review of the existing literature on the application of SES frameworks to forest ecosystems is carried out, with a specific focus on wildfire risk management. The results demonstrate the existence of different methodological approaches that can be grouped into seven main categories, which range from qualitative analysis to quantitative spatially explicit investigations. The strengths and limitations of the approaches are discussed, with a specific reference to the geographical setting of the works. The research suggests the importance of local community involvement and local knowledge consideration in wildfire risk management. This review provides a starting point for future research on forest SES and a supporting tool for the development of a sustainable wildfire risk adaptation and mitigation strategy.

scholarly journals Enhancing Internet Search Abilities for People with Intellectual Disabilities in Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-36
Author(s):  
Theja K. Arachchi ◽  
Laurianne Sitbon ◽  
Jinglan Zhang ◽  
Ruwan Gamage ◽  
Priyantha Hewagamage
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Web Search ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Learning Needs ◽  
Learning Tools ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Google Search

This article presents how young adults with intellectual disability (ID) from Sri Lanka, who had not previously used the Internet, interacted with Google search while enhancing their web search abilities throughout three web search workshops. Considering the little attention paid to the learning needs of people with ID in the current offering of web search learning tools, we iteratively developed a suite of learning tools to support our participants when they need help in the web search workshops. We employed an iterative participatory approach, with observations and semi-structured interviews, to reflect on how to design eLearning tools that enhance the participants’ interactions with web search. The qualitative thematic analysis resulted in five distinct themes on strategies to support, build on, and develop the abilities of young adults with IDs as they engage with Google search in their native language: application of existing abilities, basic skills to match learning needs, conceptual understanding, animations to facilitate visual memory, and promoting active engagement. These themes will be a starting point for understanding participants’ learning needs and behavior on web search, which would be important for future research on learning support as well as on software design.

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