Development of Fuel Injector Monitoring Using Strain Gauge Signal

2014 ◽  
Vol 663 ◽  
pp. 426-430
Author(s):  
C.L. Hoo ◽  
Mohd Zaki Nuawi ◽  
S.M. Haris ◽  
S. Abdullah ◽  
Ahmad Rasdan Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Strain Gauge ◽  
Pulse Width ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Monitoring Task ◽  
Vehicle Engine ◽  
Actual Operation ◽  
Pressure Bar

The Fuel injector is an important component in a vehicle engine for determining the performance of an engine. It is believed that, by knowing the current state of the injector, one can take any prior safety measure and ensuring the optimal performance of the engine. However, it is very difficult to study and analyse the fuel injection system in real time during the operation of the vehicle. A study was conducted in developing a method to monitor the fuel injector using the strain signal generated from the strain gauge sensors installed on the fuel injector. This method is practically implementable and can be used on the actual operation of the engine. A research rig was developed in order to visualise the behaviour of the injector at any instant by obtaining the three key parameters from the strain gage sensors which are the pulse width (ms), frequency (Hz) and pressure (bar). All data obtained from this experiment will be analysed using the Matlab software, where the I-kaz (Z∞) will be applied as the main method to clearly visualize the operation of the machine. The result shows that for the same pulse width and pressure, the series have the same pattern for I-kaz coefficient. They have a consistent trend compared to the Skewness and Kurtosis parameters. This method serves to predict and describe the behaviour of the fuel injector to ease the monitoring task at any instant throughout the engine operation.

Preliminary Study of Fuel Injector Monitoring System by I-KazTM Multilevel Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 471 ◽  
pp. 229-234
Author(s):  
Zailan Karim ◽  
M.A. Jusoh ◽  
A.R. Bahari ◽  
Mohd Zaki Nuawi ◽  
Jaharah Abd. Ghani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Monitoring Method ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Automotive Engine ◽  
Actual Operation ◽  
Pressure Bar ◽  
The Relationship

Fuel injector in automotive engine is a very important component in injecting the correct amount of fuel into the combustion chamber. The injection system need to be in a very safe and optimum condition during the engine operation. The mulfunction of the injection system can be avoided if the current working condition is known and a proper maintenence procedure is implemented. This paper proposes the development of a fuel injector monitoring method using strain signals captured by a single-channel strain gage attached on the fuel injector body. The fuel injector was operated under three main sets of parameters; pulse width (ms), frequency (Hz) and pressure (bar) which were varried from 5 ms to 15 ms, 17 Hz to 25 Hz and 10 bar to 70 bar respectively. The settings produce 27 different engine operations and the strain signal will be captured at each operation. The captured strain signals will be analyzed using I-kazTM Multilevel technique and will be correlated with the main parameters. The relationship between the I-kazTM Multilevel coefficient and the main parameters indicate good correlations which can be used as the guidance for fuel injector monitoring during actual operation. The I-kaz Multilevel technique was found to be very suitable in this study since it is capable of showing consistence pattern change at every parameter change during the engine operation. This monitoring system has a big potential to be developed and improved for the optimization of fuel injector system performance in the automotive industry.

scholarly journals Diagnostics of common rail components based on pressure curves in the fuel rail

2018 ◽  
Vol 173 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Mirosław KARCZEWSKI ◽  
Krzysztof KOLIŃSKI
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Labview Software ◽  
Cr System ◽  
Data Acquisition Module ◽  
Pressure Changes

Majority of modern diesel engines is fitted with common-rail (CR) fuel systems. In these systems, the injectors are supplied with fuel under high pressure from the fuel rail (accumulator). Dynamic changes of pressure in the fuel rail are caused by the phenomena occurring during the fuel injection into the cylinders and the fuel supply to the fuel rail through the high-pressure fuel pump. Any change in this process results in a change in the course of pressure in the fuel rail, which, upon mathematical processing of the fuel pressure signal, allows identification of the malfunction of the pump and the injectors. The paper presents a methodology of diagnosing of CR fuel injection system components based on the analysis of dynamic pressure changes in the fuel rail. In the performed investigations, the authors utilized LabView software and a µDAC data acquisition module recording the fuel pressure in the rail, the fuel injector control current and the signal from the camshaft position sensor. For the analysis of the obtained results, ‘FFT’ and ‘STFT’ were developed in order to detect inoperative injectors based on the curves of pressure in the fuel rail. The performed validation tests have confirmed the possibility of identification of malfunctions in the CR system based on the pressure curves in the fuel rail. The ‘FFT’ method provides more information related to the system itself and accurately shows the structure of the signal, while the ’STFT’ method presents the signal in such a way as to clearly identify the occurrence of the fuel injection. The advantage of the above methods is the accessibility to diagnostic parameters and their non-invasive nature.

scholarly journals Research on Fuel Efficiency and Emissions of Converted Diesel Engine with Conventional Fuel Injection System for Operation on Natural Gas

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lebedevas ◽  
Pukalskas ◽  
Daukšys ◽  
Rimkus ◽  
Melaika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Fuel Injection System ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Conventional Fuel

This paper presents a study on the energy efficiency and emissions of a converted high-revolution bore 79.5 mm/stroke 95 mm engine with a conventional fuel injection system for operation with dual fuel feed: diesel (D) and natural gas (NG). The part of NG energy increase in the dual fuel is related to a significant deterioration in energy efficiency (ηi), particularly when engine operation is in low load modes and was determined to be below 40% of maximum continuous rating. The effectiveness of the D injection timing optimisation was established in high engine load modes within the range of a co-combustion ratio of NG ≤ 0.4: with an increase in ηi, compared to D, the emissions of NOx+ HC decreased by 15% to 25%, while those of CO2 decreased by 8% to 16%; the six-fold CO emission increase, up to 6 g/kWh, was unregulated. By referencing the indicated process characteristics of the established NG phase elongation in the expansion stroke, the combustion time increase as well as the associated decrease in the cylinder excess air ratio (α) are possible reasons for the increase in the incomplete combustion product emission.

scholarly journals Research on combustion process of gasoline homogenous charge compression ignition engine

2018 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 01013
Author(s):  
Corneliu Cofaru ◽  
Mihaela Virginia Popescu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Homogenous Charge Compression Ignition

The paper presents the research designed to develop a HCCI (Homogenous Charge Compression Ignition) engine starting from a spark ignition engine platform. The chosen test engine was a single cylinder, four strokes provided with a carburettor. The results of experimental research data obtained on this version were used as a baseline for the next phase of the research. In order to obtain the HCCI configuration, the engine was modified, as follows: the compression ratio was increased from 9.7 to 11.5 to ensure that the air – fuel mixture auto-ignite and to improve the engine efficiency; the carburettor was replaced by a direct fuel injection system in order to control precisely the fuel mass per cycle taking into account the measured intake air-mass; the valves shape were modified to provide a safety engine operation by ensuring the provision of sufficient clearance beetween the valve and the piston; the exchange gas system was changed from fixed timing to variable valve timing to have the possibilities of modification of quantities of trapped burnt gases. The cylinder processes were simulated on virtual model. The experimental research works were focused on determining the parameters which control the combustion timing of HCCI engine to obtain the best energetic and ecologic parameters.

Dynamic Modeling and Identification of an Electric-Hydraulic Controlled Fuel Injection System

2014 ◽  
Vol 918 ◽  
pp. 206-211
Author(s):  
Ya Wei Lee
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Autoregressive Moving Average ◽  
Heavy Vehicles ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Operational Mechanism ◽  
Fuel Rate ◽  
And Performance

Fuel consumption, related to engine operation and performance, has always been emphasized in the modern design of heavy vehicles. For identifying the operational mechanism of a novel hydraulically actuated electronic unit injection (HEUI) system from the viewpoint of energy conversion, this study presents the estimation of a nonlinear autoregressive moving average with exogenous inputs (NARMAX) models. By this modeling approach, the correlation between injection pressure and fuel rate under normal operations is detected. When mapping the NARMAX models into the frequency domain, the frequency response functions (FRFs) representing the energy transfer mechanisms in the system can then be precisely obtained. Due to the high-order FRFs responsible for the non-linear coupling between the various input spectral components, the HEUI dynamics can be demonstrated as an energy resonance of 22.5 Hz.

Reduction of Nitric Oxide Emission From a SI Engine by Water Injection at the Intake Runner

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Kai Wang ◽  
Jing-Lun Li ◽  
Ming-Hsun Wu ◽  
Rong-Horng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Hydrocarbon Emissions ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbon ◽  
Nitric Oxide Emission

The effects of pulsed water injection at the intake port of a modern port fuel injection gasoline engine were investigated. A port water injection system was developed and the water injector was installed on the intake runner of the single cylinder motorcycle engine at a location upstream of the fuel injector. The results show that with a water-gasoline injection ratio of 1, more than 80% of NOx emission can be removed. The trade-off was a 25% reduction in torque output at 4000 rpm and 20% throttle opening; however, the decrease on torque can be controlled to be within 5% by reducing water-gasoline mass ratios to less than 0.6. We also performed NOx emission modeling using one-dimensional gas dynamics code with extended Zeldovich mechanism, and consistent results were found between numerical prediction and experimental measurements. The port water injection approach appears to be an effective means for reducing NOx emission from a gasoline engine at low speed and high load conditions without largely sacrificing the performances on torque output and unburned hydrocarbon emissions.

Development of Fuel Injector and Fuel Pump for a Fuel Injection System to Use in Small Motorcycles

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Ujiie ◽  
Hidetoshi Saito ◽  
Minoru Ueda ◽  
Shunji Akamatsu ◽  
Akira Hayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Fuel Injection System ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Fuel Pump

Dynamic and Static Flow Analysis of a Gasoline Fuel Injector

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 750-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Chen ◽  
G. Chen ◽  
M. Wells
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Width ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Physical Domain ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Fuel Temperature ◽  
Dynamic Flow ◽  
Static Flow

The effect of the electrical pulse width and the fuel temperature on dynamic flow and static flow rate of a gasoline fuel injector has been numerically and experimentally investigated. In numerical analysis, the physical domain covers the region from upstream of the valve seat to the injector exit. The three-dimensional unsteady Navier-Stokes equations in a curvilinear coordinate system are solved. Due to the needle movement in fuel injection, the physical domain is considered as a function of time. In the experimental study, the test stand consisting of a hydraulic system and an electrical system was designed to meet the requirements of Society of Automotive Engineers. The pulse width of 0.97–7.5 ms and the temperature of 20–100°C were used to study the pintle injector performance. Predicted dynamic flow and static flow rates show higher values at a temperature of 80°C, which are consistent with the test results.

Numerical Simulation of the Dynamic Response of a Diesel Fuel Injector Using CFD

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Yi ◽  
Aleksandra Egelja ◽  
Clement J. Sung
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Fuel Injection System ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Diesel Fuel Injection ◽  
Very High

The development of a very high pressure diesel fuel injection system has been one of the key solutions to improve engine performance and to reduce emissions. The diesel fuel management in the injector directly affects how the fuel spray is delivered to the combustion chamber, and therefore affects the mixing, combustion and the pollutants formation. To design such a very high pressure diesel fuel injection system, an advanced CFD tool to predict the complex flow in the fuel injection system is required in the robust design process. In this paper, a novel 3D CFD dynamic mesh with cavitation model is developed to simulate the dynamic response of the needle motion of a diesel fuel injector corresponding to high common rail pressure and other dimensional design variables, coupling with the imbalance of the spring force and the flow force (pressure plus viscous force). A mixture model is used for cavitation resulting from high speed flow in fuel injector. Due to the lack of experimental data, the model presented in this paper is only validated by a limited set of experimental data. Required meshing strategy is also discussed in the paper.

Single Cylinder Testing of a High-Pressure Electronic Pilot Fuel Injector for Low NOx Emission Dual Fuel Engines: Part I—Baseline, Feasibility, and Comparative Testing

1990 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Workman ◽  
G. M. Beshouri
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Pilot Fuel ◽  
Dual Fuel Engines ◽  
Current Minimum ◽  
Feasibility Test

Current dual fuel engines utilizing standard mechanical (Bosch type) fuel injection systems set to 5–6 percent pilot delivery do not appear capable of reducing NOx emissions much below the current minimum of 4 g/bhp-h without incurring substantial penalties in efficiency and operability. A prototype Electronic Pilot Fuel Injector (EPFI) was designed that overcomes the shortcomings of the mechanical injection system, consistently delivering 3 percent or less pilot at pressures as high as 20,000 psi. The EPFI was installed and tested in one cylinder of a standard production dual fuel engine operating at a waste water treatment facility. A feasibility test confirmed that the engine would indeed operate satisfactorily at 2.9 percent pilot. Comparisons with baseline data revealed the EPFI yielded a 45 percent reduction in NOx emissions with a 3 percent or greater improvement in efficiency. Further optimization of the system, discussed in Part II, indicates that even greater reductions in NOx emissions can be obtained without incurring a penalty in fuel consumption.

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