Disaster Mitigation Based on Natural Disaster Chain Structural Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 668-669 ◽  
pp. 1542-1545
Author(s):  
Min Hu

On the basis of properties analysis of disaster chain, the assumption of connotation and extension of systematic natural disaster chain is clarified. Therefore the natural disaster chain structural model in the form of mathematical language is defined, and the relation and property of the structural model is studied. According to the analysis of the mathematical model of disaster chain, it shows that the disaster chain is caused and dominated by both the outside environments and structural relation of inner state. The outside environment influence is the gestation of disaster and the interaction of inner state is the necessary condition of disaster chain. The disaster mitigation mode is studied from the point of both sides, and the emphasis is on the inner structural relations chain-cycle. An example in view of snowstorm in 2008 is presented to apply and verify the above theory.

2013 ◽  
Vol 756-759 ◽  
pp. 372-375
Author(s):  
Hong Bin Tian

In order to increase the movement capability of the robotic visual system in three-dimension space, the paper designs an obstacle-avoidance algorithm based on robotic movement visual by effectively processing the visual information colleted by the robotics. This paper establishes a structural model of coordination control system. The obstacles can be effectively identified and avoided by the obstacle-avoidance theory in the robotics coordination operation. The mathematical model of the obstacle-avoidance algorithm can predict the locations of the obstacles. The experiment proves the proposed algorithm can avoid the obstacles in three-dimension space and the accuracy is very high.


Author(s):  
Pravin R. Lokhande ◽  
S. Balaguru

The aim of this article is to develop the mathematical model to describe response of endodontic file in curved root canal during the preparation of root canal using fracture mechanics approach. Any obturation process involves the filling of prepared root canal using bio-compatible materials like gutta-percha. During preparation of infected root canal, substrate, dead tissue and pulp is removed and tapered shape is formed so that any practitioner can fill it effectively. During preparation process of root canal, the canal wall applies locking action and causes resistance to motion of endodontic file, finally resulting into fatigue failure. This article described plastic behavior of endodontic file in curved root canal, mathematical model describing the necessary condition for crack growth in endodontic file, a mathematical model describing plastic zone size for crack on surface of endodontic file, a mathematical model describing crack tip opening displacement for crack on surface of endodontic file and mathematical model for pure-combined torsion and bending consideration for design of endodontic file. The mathematical model described is helpful for the Endodontic experts, researchers, design engineers. However the applicability of the described mathematical model limited to assumption of study. The gap between root canal to be prepared and endodontic file is zero while preparation. The endodontic file weight, speed of rotation and substrate removal rate is assumed to be constant. The mathematical model for endodontic file discussed above proved to be efficient tool for studying the root canal preparation.


2021 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 01020
Author(s):  
Arkadiy Plotnikov ◽  
Tatyana Goryacheva ◽  
Flyura Kazakova ◽  
Ekaterina Zakharchenko

This article is devoted to the further development of feedback loop models. They are used in the management of a single-industry firm. The development of the studying consists in the mathematical modeling of transients and assessing their impact on economic indicators. To solve this problem, the following was done in the article. A structural model of the functioning of a single-industry firm (SIF) is presented. It is built in accordance with the theory of automatic control (TAC) and includes elements: a management unit, a production unit, a sales unit, information nodes, as well as a feedback loop (FL). Equations and relationships describing the logic of the functioning of the company as a production system are presented. They allowed us to derive dynamic relationships and differential equations that reflect feedback loops on revenue and production costs. The system of expressions in operator form is presented, which describes the contour of the FL SIF. It has the form of a system of differential equations. It forms the basis of the mathematical model of SIF in the control system. This model made it possible to obtain a graphical interpretation of transients with closed and open FL based on the use of the Mathcad editor. Transients are fluctuations in sales volumes and production costs in the presence of disturbing influences. This is the scientific result and determines the novelty of the article.


2013 ◽  
Vol 837 ◽  
pp. 489-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Truta ◽  
Octavian Fieraru ◽  
Radu Vilau ◽  
Valentin Vinturis ◽  
Marin Marinescu

Present paper focuses on the power circuits within planetary gearboxes, providing an original mathematical model. This model is an excellent instrument to analyze and determine the torque, angular speed, power factors, global gear ratios and efficiency distribution. The analysis itself has been developed for the second-gear, forward-motion of the gearbox. The analysis provides the mathematical model of the gearboxs way of working both in the static and dynamic modes. The method starts with issuing the equivalent graph (network structure) of the gearbox. Using this model, the gearbox is associated to a power driveline network that both transforms and guides the power flow to the final transmission of the vehicle. Using the network structural model, the gearbox turns into a general nodal diagram (graph). Our study concerned both the static and dynamic modes. It consists in a mathematical determination of the cinematic (angular speed) and dynamic (torque) factors that charge the gearboxs components. The mathematical model takes into account the power losses and the inertia occurring within the entire network and their influences upon the general power distribution. Using the model, we could get accurate results of the torque and power distribution. Moreover, the model provides the map of the power distribution when the gearbox works in its second gear, emphasizing the difference between the analysis performed for the two above mentioned working regimes (static and dynamic). The results can be further used as entry points for a much more complex mathematical model that describes the dynamic features of the vehicle.


2016 ◽  
Vol 817 ◽  
pp. 223-233
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Kurc ◽  
Dariusz Szybicki

This paper presents the mathematical and structural model as well as the verificationof a designed and built underwater crawler robot. The underwater crawler robot is designed to inspect elements of the water supply infrastructure, including pools, reservoirs and pipelines with round or square cross-sections. The virtual prototyping process is described as well as the various possible uses (design adaptability) depending on the optional accessories added to the vehicle. A mathematical model is presented to show the kinematics and dynamics of the underwater crawler robot, essential for the design stage. The mathematical model was used for a number of simulations and subjected to verification on a real object in two test environments.


Author(s):  
Olexandr Pavlenko ◽  
Serhii Dun ◽  
Maksym Skliar

In any economy there is a need for the bulky goods transportation which cannot be divided into smaller parts. Such cargoes include building structures, elements of industrial equipment, tracked or wheeled construction and agricultural machinery, heavy armored military vehicles. In any case, tractor-semitrailer should provide fast delivery of goods with minimal fuel consumption. In order to guarantee the goods delivery, tractor-semitrailers must be able to overcome the existing roads broken grade and be capable to tow a semi-trailer in off-road conditions. These properties are especially important for military equipment transportation. The important factor that determines a tractor-semitrailer mobility is its gradeability. The purpose of this work is to improve a tractor-semitrailer mobility with tractor units manufactured at PJSC “AutoKrAZ” by increasing the tractor-semitrailer gradeability. The customer requirements for a new tractor are determined by the maximizing the grade to 18°. The analysis of the characteristics of modern tractor-semitrailers for heavy haulage has shown that the highest rate of this grade is 16.7°. The factors determining the limiting gradeability value were analyzed, based on the tractor-semitrailer with a KrAZ-6510TE tractor and a semi-trailer with a full weight of 80 t. It has been developed a mathematical model to investigate the tractor and semi-trailer axles vertical reactions distribution on the tractor-semitrailer friction performances. The mathematical model has allowed to calculate the gradeability value that the tractor-semitrailer can overcome in case of wheels and road surface friction value and the tractive force magnitude from the engine. The mathematical model adequacy was confirmed by comparing the calculations results with the data of factory tests. The analysis showed that on a dry road the KrAZ-6510TE tractor with a 80 t gross weight semitrailer is capable to climb a gradient of 14,35 ° with its coupling mass full use condition. The engine's maximum torque allows the tractor-semitrailer to overcome a gradient of 10.45° It has been determined the ways to improve the design of the KrAZ-6510TE tractor to increase its gradeability. Keywords: tractor, tractor-semitrailer vehicle mobility, tractor-semitrailer vehicle gradeability.


Author(s):  
Oleksii Timkov ◽  
Dmytro Yashchenko ◽  
Volodymyr Bosenko

The article deals with the development of a physical model of a car equipped with measuring, recording and remote control equipment for experimental study of car properties. A detailed description of the design of the physical model and of the electronic modules used is given, links to application libraries and the code of the first part of the program for remote control of the model are given. Atmega microcontroller on the Arduino Uno platform was used to manage the model and register the parameters. When moving the car on the memory card saved such parameters as speed, voltage on the motor, current on the motor, the angle of the steered wheel, acceleration along three coordinate axes are recorded. Use of more powerful microcontrollers will allow to expand the list of the registered parameters of movement of the car. It is possible to measure the forces acting on the elements of the car and other parameters. In the future, it is planned to develop a mathematical model of motion of the car and check its adequacy in conducting experimental studies on maneuverability on the physical model. In addition, it is possible to conduct studies of stability and consumption of electrical energy. The physical model allows to quickly change geometric dimensions and mass parameters. In the study of highway trains, this approach will allow to investigate the various layout schemes of highway trains in the short term. It is possible to make two-axle road trains and saddle towed trains, three-way hitched trains of different layout. The results obtained will allow us to improve not only the mathematical model, but also the experimental physical model, and move on to further study the properties of hybrid road trains with an active trailer link. This approach allows to reduce material and time costs when researching the properties of cars and road trains. Keywords: car, physical model, experiment, road trains, sensor, remote control, maneuverability, stability.


Author(s):  
Serhii Kovbasenko ◽  
Andriy Holyk ◽  
Serhii Hutarevych

The features of an advanced mathematical model of motion of a truck with a diesel engine operating on the diesel and diesel gas cycles are presented in the article. As a result of calculations using the mathematical model, a decrease in total mass emissions as a result of carbon monoxide emissions is observed due to a decrease in emissions of nitrogen oxides and emissions of soot in the diesel gas cycle compared to the diesel cycle. The mathematical model of a motion of a truck on a city driving cycle according to GOST 20306-90 allows to study the fuel-economic, environmental and energy indicators of a diesel and diesel gas vehicle. The results of the calculations on the mathematical model will make it possible to conclude on the feasibility of converting diesel vehicles to using compressed natural gas. Object of the study – the fuel-economic, environmental and energy performance diesel engine that runs on dual fuel system using CNG. Purpose of the study – study of changes in fuel, economic, environmental and energy performance of vehicles with diesel engines operating on diesel and diesel gas cycles, according to urban driving cycle modes. Method of the study – calculations on a mathematical model and comparison of results with road tests. Bench and road tests, results of calculations on the mathematical model of motion of a truck with diesel, working on diesel and diesel gas cycles, show the improvement of environmental performance of diesel vehicles during the converting to compressed natural gas in operation. Improvement of environmental performance is obtained mainly through the reduction of soot emissions and nitrogen oxides emissions from diesel gas cycle operations compared to diesel cycle operations. The results of the article can be used to further develop dual fuel system using CNG. Keywords: diesel engine, diesel gas engine, CNG


1998 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Igor Basov ◽  
Donatas Švitra

Here a system of two non-linear difference-differential equations, which is mathematical model of self-regulation of the sugar level in blood, is investigated. The analysis carried out by qualitative and numerical methods allows us to conclude that the mathematical model explains the functioning of the physiological system "insulin-blood sugar" in both normal and pathological cases, i.e. diabetes mellitus and hyperinsulinism.


2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Buikis ◽  
J. Cepitis ◽  
H. Kalis ◽  
A. Reinfelds ◽  
A. Ancitis ◽  
...  

The mathematical model of wood drying based on detailed transport phenomena considering both heat and moisture transfer have been offered in article. The adjustment of this model to the drying process of papermaking is carried out for the range of moisture content corresponding to the period of drying in which vapour movement and bound water diffusion in the web are possible. By averaging as the desired models are obtained sequence of the initial value problems for systems of two nonlinear first order ordinary differential equations. 


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