The Effects of Bagasse Fiber Loading on the Mechanical Properties of Skim NR–Clay Nanocomposites

2016 ◽  
Vol 835 ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
Tarinee Nampitch ◽  
Rathanawan Magaraphan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Fiber Loading ◽  
Cloisite 30B ◽  
Cure Time ◽  
Renewable Material ◽  
Bagasse Fiber ◽  
Cloisite 20A

Skim natural rubber (NR)–clay nanocomposites were prepared by a coagulation method using the organoclays Cloisite 15A, Cloisite 20A and Cloisite 30B. This work investigated the use of bagasse fiber developed from locally sourced and renewable material as an alternative and/or secondary filler in skim NR–clay nanocomposites. Bagasse fiber loading in the nanocomposites was 0, 5, 10 and 20 phr; the effects of fiber content on cure characteristics and mechanical properties were then determined. The results suggest that the Mooney viscosity tended to increase with increasing fiber content, whereas the cure time at 90% and fatigue testing score decreased as fiber loading increased.

Recycled HDPE/PET Clay Nanocomposites

2019 ◽  
Vol 821 ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andres F. Rigail-Cedeño ◽  
Antonio Diaz-Barrios ◽  
Juan Gallardo-Bastidas ◽  
Stefania Ullaguari-Loor ◽  
Nicolás Morales-Fuentes
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Plastic Properties ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Single Screw Extruder ◽  
Cloisite 30B ◽  
Recycled Plastics ◽  
Cloisite 20A

Recycling waste plastics will support the preservation of natural resources and energy consumption. New challenges arise for the development of products that take advantage of solid waste. Upgrading recycled plastics using nanotechnology can tailor and consequently improve plastic properties for industrial applications. This research aims to process and relate the morphology and thermo-mechanical properties of recycled high-density polyethylene (rHDPE) and recycled polyethylene terephthalate (rPET) clay nanocomposites. Blends of rHDPE (75 wt %) coming from packaging and rPET (25 wt %) from bottles were mixed with two organoclays (Cloisite 20A and Cloisite 30B) (3 wt %) and a compatibilizer agent based on ethylene-glycidyl methacrylate (EGMA) (5 wt %). The recycled plastics nanocomposites were processed using a single-screw extruder incorporating a dispersive and distributive mixer and an injection molding machine. Several techniques were used to characterize the dispersion, morphology, mechanical properties and compatibilization of these composite blends. The reinforcing effect of rPET in the continuous rHDPE phase depended on the organoclay type and the compatibilizer additive. Both organoclays increased the stiffness and strength of rHDPE and rPET as evidenced by an increase in the corresponding Young modulus and ultimate tensile strength. EGMA increased the compatibility in the recycle plastics blend and in the clays nanocomposites as evidenced in elongation and energy at break results. On the other side, Cloisite 20A showed to be more compatible with EGMA than Cloisite 30B in these rHDPE/rPET blends based on the thermo-mechanical properties results.

Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Clay Nanocomposites

2010 ◽  
Vol 123-125 ◽  
pp. 145-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar Ghafarloo ◽  
Mehrdad Kokabi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Diglycidyl Ether ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Layered Silicates ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Curing Agent ◽  
Test Results ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Cloisite 30B ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

Achievement of exfoliated structure of polymer/ Clay nanocomposites is of particular interest for the improvement of mechanical properties. In this work, the morphology and mechanical properties of epoxy/ clay nanocomposites has been investigated. Diglycidyl ether of bis-phenol A (DGEBA) epoxy resin (EPON828) and Jeffamine D400 curing agent was used. To obtain perfect dispersion, nanoclay (Cloisite 30B) was sonicated in acetone. The mixture was then mixed with polymer. Afterwards, the curing process was performed by addition of curing agent and degassing. Disappearing of peaks in X-Ray diffraction patterns of nanocomposites containing less than 5wt% nanoclay, is a good evidence of perfect dispersion of layered silicates in matrix, i.e. formation of exfoliated morphology. Based on tensile test results, it is deduced that as the amount of nanoclay increases, the elastic modulus and elongation at break of the nanocomposites containing 1wt% and 5wt% nanoclay increases by 12% and 31%, respectively. Therefore, obtaining perfect dispersion of layered silicates in epoxy matrix and exfoliated morphology, results in better mechanical properties of the nanocomposites.

FLY ASH AND BAGASSE FIBER INFLUENCES ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF GREEN HYBRID FIBER-REINFORCED CEMENTITIOUS COMPOSITES

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
He Tian ◽  
Y. X. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
High Volume Fly Ash ◽  
Bagasse Fiber

In this paper, a new green fiber-reinforced cementitious composite containing high volume fly ash and hybrid steel and bagasse fibers is developed. Eco-friendly bagasse fibers from industrial waste and steel fibers are used to improve the mechanical behavior of the new composite, and high-volume fly ash is used to decrease the usage of cement in order to be more environmentally friendly. The influence of the fiber content and fly ash/cement ratio on the mechanical properties of the composite is investigated through the study of the mechanical properties of the new composite, such as compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, and modulus of rupture. It is found that compressive strength, Young's modulus of the composite, decreases with the increase of the fly ash/cement ratio and bagasse fiber content. However, the modulus of rupture of the composite increases firstly with bagasse fiber content, and decreases when bagasse fiber content reaches 3% by volume.

Mechanical and Morphological Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid)/Bagasse Fiber Composite Foams

2016 ◽  
Vol 851 ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarinee Nampitch ◽  
Chanon Wiphanurat ◽  
Thiti Kaisone ◽  
Pran Hanthanon
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Foaming Agent ◽  
Composite Foams ◽  
Bagasse Fiber ◽  
Composite Properties

This research attempted to prepare composite foams of PLA/bagasse fiber with various fiber content at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 wt% and a fixed foaming agent with extra added 2 wt% for all composites. The mechanical properties and morphology of neat PLA and PLA/bagasse fiber composite foams were investigated. The tensile strength showed that the highest fiber content of 7 wt% was 45.27 MPa, while neat PLA was 25.63 MPa. Impact strength showed a decreasing trend with increasing fiber content. SEM analysis was important to reveal the phase of fiber and matrix for support to discuss the results trend of PLA and composite properties.

Mechanical characterization of polylactic acid reinforced bagasse/basalt hybrid fiber composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis L King ◽  
A Arul Jeya Kumar ◽  
Srinivasan Vijayaragahavan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Interfacial Bonding ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Bagasse Fiber

This paper focuses on the mechanical behavior of Polylatic acid reinforced Basalt and Bagasse fibers. The most important aspect in formulating this hybrid composite with better mechanical properties is the optimization of interfacial bonding between the reinforcing bagasse fiber and basalt fiber and polymer matrix. The composite of different weight proportion of the materials is compounded using twin screw extruder. The specimens were prepared by injection molding and subjected to various mechanical testing under tensile, flexural, and impact loads. It was found that 84 wt% of polylactic acid, 12 wt% of Basalt fiber and 4 wt% of Bagasse fiber composite exhibits better mechanical properties compared to other composites taken for study in this research. The better tensile, flexural, and impact strength of 52.8 MPa, 82.2 MPa, and 3.39 KJ/m2 were observed. The results show that the fiber content in weight percentage is playing a major than the fiber length on the improvement of tensile, flexural, and impact properties. The mechanical behavior obtained through experiments witnessed that Bagasse/Basalt fiber reinforcement in polylactic acid composites can be used as medium-load applications because of its low cost and ease of decomposability. The scanning electron microscope photography of the tested specimens shows better interfacial bonding between matrix and fibers. Also, the water absorption test indicates increase in fiber content increases the water absorption rate, reveals good degradation property of the composite. Additionally, the use of Bagasse fiber promotes the degradation of the material after its life time.

scholarly journals Effect of fiber loading on the mechanical properties of bagasse fiber–reinforced polypropylene composites

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 168781401666425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sivarao Subramonian ◽  
Aidy Ali ◽  
Mohammad Amran ◽  
LD Sivakumar ◽  
Shukor Salleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Fiber Loading ◽  
Bagasse Fiber

scholarly journals Review: The Comparison of Clay Modifier (Cloisite Types) in Various Epoxy-Clay Nanocomposite Synthesis Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yunus Firdaus ◽  
Herlinda Octaviani ◽  
Humaira Herlini ◽  
Nurul Fatimah ◽  
Tika Mulyaningsih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Ultrasonic Synthesis ◽  
Mechanical Stirring ◽  
Cloisite 30B ◽  
Study Results ◽  
New Material

Nanocomposites are a new material discovery in the 21st century. One of the nanocomposite materials which are useful in life is epoxy-clay nanocomposites. Epoxy clay nanocomposites have a reasonably wide application in industrial fields such as aerospace, defense, automobile, etc. The purpose of writing this review is to conduct a literature review on mechanical properties in various Cloisite as a filler of Epoxy-clay Nanocomposites. There are several examples of cloisite, namely Cloisite 10A, Cloisite 15A, Cloisite 20A, Cloisite 25A, Cloisite 30B, and Cloisite 93A. Cloisite has the advantage of producing mechanical properties, especially in the tensile modulus and strength, which is more increased than conventional reinforcing materials. These methods' synthesis results were then characterized using TEM, SEM, XRD, and other tests to determine their mechanical properties. The material parameters resulting from nanocomposites' synthesis are well seen from the high Tensile strength and modulus values. The highest increase in mechanical properties was found in the cloisite 93A by the ultrasonic synthesis method or mechanical stirring based on the study results.

Effect of Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) Fiber on Mechanical Properties of HDPE/EVA/MMT/EFB Nanohybrid Biocomposite

2013 ◽  
Vol 594-595 ◽  
pp. 618-623
Author(s):  
Siti Norsyarahah Che Kamarludin ◽  
Muhammad Syafiq Jainal ◽  
Suffiyana Akhbar ◽  
Abdul Rahman Mohd Faizal
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Work Study ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Fiber Loading ◽  
Single Screw Extruder

This work study the effect of empty fruit bunch (EFB) fiber on mechanical properties (tensile, flexural and impact) of different formulation of HDPE/EVA/MMT/EFB nanohybrid biocomposite with present of 1.5 phr compatibilizer. The ratio of HDPE and EVA are fixed at 80 wt% and 20 wt% respectively. However, the nanoclay montmorillonite (MMT) was varied from 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 phr. Meanwhile EFB fiber was varied from 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 wt%. The HDPE/EVA/MMT/EFB blends were prepared by melt extrusion blending technique using a single screw extruder. Generally, the result found that by increasing of EFB fiber content, the tensile strength of HDPE/EVA/MMT/EFB nanohybrid biocomposite was declined. The highest tensile strength was given by formulation of HDPE/EVA/1 phr MMT without EFB fiber loading which is 29.064 MPa. Meanwhile the lowest tensile strength is given by formulation of HDPE/EVA/0.5 phr MMT with 50 wt% of EFB fiber which is 9.673 MPa. Similar trend also showed by the result of flexural strength obtained. In contrast, the value of tensile modulus is progressively increased with further increasing of EFB fiber content. The highest tensile modulus given by formulation of HDPE/EVA/1 phr MMT with reinforced of 50 wt% EFB fiber loading (694.53 MPa) whereas the lowest is given by HDPE/EVA/0.5 phr MMT with 10 wt% EFB fiber loading (290.76 MPa). Similar trend for the flexural modulus where further increasing of EFB fiber content, the flexural modulus is directly increasing. Unfortunately, for impact properties, reinforced of EFB fiber give resulted on the reduction of impact strength.

Effect of intercalant types on the properties of melt blended metallocene polyethylene/metallocene polyethylene-g-silane/clay nanocomposites

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 475-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Chih Chen ◽  
Jung-Liang Liu ◽  
Sun-Mou Lai ◽  
Shi-Xian Tang ◽  
Horng Jer Tai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clay Content ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Tear Strength ◽  
Metallocene Polyethylene ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Polyolefin Elastomer ◽  
Cloisite 30B ◽  
Cloisite 20A

Abstract Melt mixed metallocene-catalyzed ­polyethylene elastomer (mPE)/clay nanocomposites, using a functionalized polyolefin elastomer (mPE-g-silane) as a compatibilizer, with the addition of the commercial clay with different intercalant types (Cloisite 20A and 30B) were prepared to investigate the importance of interfacial interaction. Cloisite 30B gave a relatively higher polarity than Cloisite 20A, but smaller original d-spacing. According to X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results, Cloisite 20A-filled nanocomposites depicted fairly well-dispersed clay within the mPE matrix, except with higher clay content. By contrast, the clay agglomerates were evident for Cloisite 30B-filled cases. A continuous increase of gel content for Cloisite 20A-filled systems was observed, but only a limited variation for Cloisite 30B-filled systems was found. The roles of the polarity degree of the organically modified clay, original d-spacing, and the compatibilizer, were quite essential. Young’s modulus of Cloisite 20A-filled samples increased with increasing clay content, from 23.8±1.3 MPa [0 parts per hundred resins (phr)] to 34.1±2.0 MPa (9 phr), whereas modulus of Cloisite 30B-filled samples did not show a significant variation. The tear strength of Cloisite 20A-filled nanocomposites increased up to two-fold with increasing clay content, reaching 9 phr. Only a slight increase in tear strength of Cloisite 30B-filled nanocomposites was observed. For the cutting strength, Cloisite 20A-filled cases also conferred higher values in comparison with Cloisite 30B-filled cases.

Sisal Fiber/Natural Rubber Composites: Effect of Fiber Content and Interfacial Modification

2011 ◽  
Vol 410 ◽  
pp. 63-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wittawat Wongsorat ◽  
Nitinat Suppakarn ◽  
Kasama Jarukumjorn
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Sisal Fiber ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Interfacial Modification ◽  
Natural Rubber Composites ◽  
Fiber Treatment ◽  
Cure Time

Sisal fiber/natural rubber (NR) composites were prepared by the incorporation of sisal fiber into NR at contents of 10-30 phr. Fiber treatment (alkalization) and adding maleic anhydride grafted natural rubber (NR-g-MA) were used to improve interfacial adhesion between sisal fiber and NR matrix. Mechanical properties, morphologies, and cure characteristics of the composites were studied. With increasing fiber content, modulus at 100% strain (M100), modulus at 300% strain (M300), and hardness of the composites increased whereas tensile strength and elongation at break decreased. Cure time of the composites decreased with increasing fiber content but scorch time was not much affected by fiber content. Alkali treated sisal fiber/NR composite exhibited higher tensile properties and hardness than untreated sisal fiber/NR composite at all fiber content due to the improved adhesion between fiber and NR matrix through the mechanical interlocking mechanism. Alkalization showed no effect on scorch time and cure time of the composites. The addition of NR-g-MA into the composites increased M100, M300, tensile strength, and hardness but prolonged scorch time and cure time. NR-g-MA provided more effective improvement of the mechanical properties of the composites when compared to fiber alkalization.

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