The Utilization of Bamboo Residues and Grease Waste for Charcoal Briquette Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 886 ◽  
pp. 154-158
Author(s):  
Supaporn Pongthornpruek ◽  
Achitpon Sasitharanuwat
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Minimum Requirement ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Feasible Alternative ◽  
American Society ◽  
Product Standard ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

This study aims to investigate appropriate utilization of mixing grease waste (GW) from a canteen’s grease trap with bamboo residues charcoal (BC) to produce briquette fuel in the various ratio by weight, 1:2, 2:2, 3:2 and 4:2 (GW:BC). The physical and chemical properties of briquette fuel were analyzed to verify its heating value components as specified by the American Society for Testing and Material (ASTM). The results showed that the mixture of all components could produce charcoal briquette fuel. The GW:BC mixing ratios 3:2 and 4:2 have heating values exceeding the minimum requirement under the Thai Community Product Standard (tcps 238/2004). The briquettes mixing ratio of 3:2 was suitable for utilization. The heating value high to 7,938 cal/g on a dry basis.The charcoal briquette mixed with grease waste can be a feasible alternative energy source for incinerating which minimize to reduce waste.

scholarly journals The Utilization of Cashew Shell Residues and Grease Waste for Charcoal Briquette Production

2017 ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Supaporn Pongthornpruek
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Minimum Requirement ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Heat Utilization ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
American Society

This study aims to investigate appropriate utilization of mixing grease waste (GW) from a canteen’s grease trap with cashew shell charcoal (CSC) to produce briquette fuel by weight (GW:CSC) in the ratio 1:2, 2:2, 3:2 and 4:2. All different mixing ratios used starch paste as binding agent. The physical and chemical properties of briquette fuel were analyzed to verify its heating value components as specified by the American Society for Testing and Material (ASTM). In addition, in terms of heat utilization efficiency and pollution aspects, the content of carbon monoxide (CO) emissions from combustion were measured. The result of this study shows that the mixture of all components could produce charcoal briquette fuel. All the different mixing ratios have heating values exceeding the minimum requirement under the Thai Community Product Standard (tcps 238/2004). The high heating value ranged from 7724-8109 cal g-1on a dry basis. The heat utilization efficiency of briquette fuel was between 5.15-12.43 min. The charcoal briquette in 4:2 ratio had the least time of boiling at 5.15 min. In regard to air pollution aspect, the average concentration of CO emissions from briquette fuel were 151.6, 232.4, 210.5 and 292.5 ppm in the ratio 1:2, 2:2, 3:2 and 4:2, respectively. The heating value of briquette fuel was higher than the heating value of other briquette fuel reported in previous studies. Therefore, the cashew shell mixed with grease waste would make an viable alternative energy source for incinerators, that can also minimize waste.

scholarly journals Potential of Biochar Derived from Agricultural Residues for Sustainable Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8147
Author(s):  
Sasiwimol Khawkomol ◽  
Rattikan Neamchan ◽  
Thunchanok Thongsamer ◽  
Soydoa Vinitnantharat ◽  
Boonma Panpradit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Agricultural Residues ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Coconut Husk ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
Horizontal Drum ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

A horizontal drum kiln is a traditional method widely used in Southeast Asian countries for producing biochar. An understanding of temperature conditions in the kiln and its influence on biochar properties is crucial for identifying suitable biochar applications. In this study, four agricultural residues (corncob, coconut husk, coconut shell, and rice straw) were used for drum kiln biochar production. The agricultural residues were turned into biochar within 100–200 min, depending on their structures. The suitability of biochar for briquette fuels was analyzed using proximate, ultimate, and elemental analysis. The biochar’s physical and chemical properties were characterized via bulk density, iodine number, pHpzc, SEM, and FTIR measurements. All biochars had low O/C and H/C ratios and negative charge from both carbonyl and hydroxyl groups. Coconut husk and shell biochar had desirable properties such as high heating value and a high amount of surface functional groups which can interact with nutrients in soil. These biochars are thus suitable for use for a variety of purposes including as biofuels, adsorbents, and as soil amendments.

scholarly journals Produksi Biofuel Dari Limbah Cpo Dengan Katalis Berbasis Titanium Oksida Dan Implementasinya Pada Pembelajaran Kimia

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Nurlia Latifah ◽  
Agus Sundaryono ◽  
Rina Elvia
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Tio2 Catalyst ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cracking Process ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Conversion of CPO waste into biofuel is one of the efforts to find alternative energy to overcome Indonesia's energy crisis. The resulting methyl ester was further processed into biofuel by cracking process with Ni/TiO2 and Co/TiO2 catalysts at temperature > 350oC for 2.5 hours followed by distillation. Educational research was done by doing the learning process by using biofuel module. The optimum biofuel yield was obtained from cracking methyl ester with 5% Ni/TiO2 catalyst and 3% Co/TiO2 catalyst respectively of 66,67 and 61,90%. The physical and chemical properties of cracked biofuels with Ni/TiO2 and Co/ TiO2 catalysts have complied with ASTM standards for biofuel except acid numbers. There is an increase in student learning outcomes before and after using the module. 

The comparison of rapeseeds’ oils from hybrid and open-pollinated varieties by their heating values in the aspect of Diesel utilization

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-161
Author(s):  
E. Sarkozi ◽  
L. Janosi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Content ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Biofuel Feedstock ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The rape is one of the suitable plant species for biofuel feedstock in Hungary. Currently there are over 100 admitted rape sorts recorded in Hungary and their oils’ application as biodiesel proposes new aspects of evaluation. From references it is noticeable that there are differences in the physical and chemical properties of the various rape sorts’ oils and rapeseed-methyl-esters. Our aim is to analyze the differences in the quality of the various rape sorts’ oils and to determine the most appropriate rape sort in the viewpoint of technical utilization. In the course of present research work we have measured the heating values of 21 various rapesorts’ oils -12 from open-pollinated varieties and 9 from hybrids- and examined the differences between them. The outcome values dispersed in the range of the heating values found in the references, but the differences between them are less then the predicted, the variance and the coefficient of variation are reasonably slight, so the examined rape sorts’ oils are similar in the viewpoint of the heating value. Furthermore, the energy content of the rapeseed oils is independent of the type (hybrid or open-pollinated variety) of the plant.

scholarly journals PRODUKSI BIOFUEL DARI LIMBAH CPO DENGAN KATALIS BERBASIS TITANIUM OKSIDA DAN IMPLEMENTASINYA PADA PEMBELAJARAN KIMIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurlia Latifah ◽  
Agus Sundaryono ◽  
Rina Elvia
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Tio2 Catalyst ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cracking Process ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Conversion of CPO waste into biofuel is one of the efforts to find alternative energy to overcome Indonesia's energy crisis. The resulting methyl ester was further processed into biofuel by cracking process with Ni/TiO2 and Co/TiO2 catalysts at temperature > 350oC for 2.5 hours followed by distillation. Educational research was done by doing the learning process by using biofuel module. The optimum biofuel yield was obtained from cracking methyl ester with 5% Ni/TiO2 catalyst and 3% Co/TiO2 catalyst respectively of 66,67 and 61,90%. The physical and chemical properties of cracked biofuels with Ni/TiO2 and Co/ TiO2 catalysts have complied with ASTM standards for biofuel except acid numbers. There is an increase in student learning outcomes before and after using the module. 

scholarly journals Magonia pubescens (Sapindaceae) Seed Oil: Physical and Chemical Properties, Fatty Acid Profile and Biodiesel Production

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Juliana Almeida Rocha ◽  
Elytania Veiga Menezes ◽  
Francine Souza Alves Fonseca ◽  
Murilo Malveira Brandão ◽  
Kamylla Teixeira Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Oil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
American Society ◽  
High Peroxide ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Acidity Level ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Magonia pubescens is a tree species originally from the Brazilian Cerrado that bears fruit with winged seeds from which fixed oil can be extracted. This study aimed to analyze the physical and chemical properties of the oil extracted from these seeds and the biodiesel produced thereof. Methods from the Adolfo Lutz Institute, American Oil Chemists Society, and American Society for Testing and Materials were used. Seven fatty acids (oleic, arachidic, gadoleic, palmitic, palmitoleic, linoleic, and stearic acids) were found in the oil. Acidity level (1.119 mg KOH·g-1), iodine value (77.36 cg I2·g-1), saponification value (133.36 mg KOH·g-1), density (0.8796 g·cm-3), and refractive index (1.3348nD) were low when compared to the high peroxide value (26.14 meq·kg-1), viscosity (101.46 mm²·s-¹), and moisture (0.88%) of other oils and fats used for biodiesel production. Biodiesel showed density (0.8484 g·cm-3), viscosity (29.62 mm-2·s-1), acidity level (0.752 mg KOH·g-1), and saponification value (148.89 mg KOH·g-1).

scholarly journals Physical, Chemical and Mechanical Properties of Two-Age Bambusa tuldoides Briquettes

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Dunja Zoe Powroschnik ◽  
Emanuel Rangel Spadim ◽  
Humberto Jesus Eufrade-Junior ◽  
Elaine Cristina Leonello ◽  
Saulo Philipe Sebastião Guerra
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Bambusa Vulgaris ◽  
Mechanical Durability ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The use of natural resources as an energy source is a well-studied alternative to fossil fuels. Some studies present bamboo as promising biomass for energy generation, and its transformation into briquettes can be a way to take advantage of its production residues. This study’s objective was to determine the physical and chemical properties of two bamboo ages (two and seven years old) of Bambusa vulgaris species to evaluate biomass quality and its briquettes for energy generation. Regarding the higher heating value, there was no difference between treatments means values, which were 17.8 and 18.2 MJ kg−1 for two and seven years old, respectively, and these values were slightly below those found in the literature for Bambusa spp. The mechanical durability was of low quality for both treatments at the testing conditions, so they are not recommended for briquette production. The proximate analysis results were quite near the literature and reinforce bamboo’s positive qualities for biofuel usage.

scholarly journals Impact of Rainy and Dry Seasons on Eucalypt Fuelwood Quality Logs Stored in Piles

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Humberto de Jesus Eufrade-Junior ◽  
Emanuel Rangel Spadim ◽  
Sérgio Augusto Rodrigues ◽  
Enzo Dal Pai ◽  
Adriano Wagner Ballarin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biological Degradation ◽  
Air Drying ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Weather Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Natural Drying ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The natural drying of fuelwood is a common practice to improve its quality and increase the efficiency in the biomass-based energy supply chain. The objective of this work was to analyze the effect of seasons on the physical and chemical properties of wood logs stored in piles for energy purposes. The logs of Eucalyptus urophylla were stored in two periods of 160 days each throughout the year, autumn–winter (dry season) and spring–summer (rainy season). During the 320 days, the moisture content of wood and the weather parameters were measured daily. After the natural drying, the moisture content (wet basis) of wood reached 29.6%, and there was an increase of 47.6% in the low heating value (12.4 MJ kg-1 wet basis) after the storage in the autumn–winter, which is the most suitable period for air–drying of logs. The rainy storage reduced the higher heating value of wood, which suggested a biological degradation of biomass.

scholarly journals Re-Use of Date Palm Wastes to Improve Aging of Composite Concrete System

2020 ◽  
pp. 462-471
Author(s):  
Falak O. Abas
Keyword(s):  
Composite System ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Composite Systems ◽  
Time Period ◽  
New Material ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The presented research aims to manipulate and improve the aging behaviors of concrete composite systems by employing ecologically safe date palm (seeds and husks) waste as a filler. In addition, optimized workability, durability, and erosion resistance properties for the new material were investigated.The experimental work included the application of different mixing ratios (50/50, 30/70, and 70/30) of husk date/ date seeds to study the enhanced physicochemical behaviors and erosion resistant of bio-waste-concrete composite system exposed to severe temperature conditions (50 ºC) for a time period of 25 days. Optimum results were observed for samples reinforced with the natural filler with a ratio of 50/50 in comparison to the base samples.In conclusion, good resistance to erosion and creeping thickness appeared at optimum conditions of 250 μm particle size. Also, higher reaction compatibility and less pores between particles were observed, which improved all physical and chemical properties as depicted by SEM images.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PERSENTASE PEREKAT TAPIOKA TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK BRIKET ARANG TEMPURUNG KELAPA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 324
Author(s):  
Norhikmah ◽  
Noor Mirad Sari ◽  
Muhammad Faisal Mahdie
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Astm Standard ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Tapioka flour as an adhesive for coconut shell charcoal briquettes can affect the characteristics of charcoal briquettes consisting of physical and chemical properties. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical properties of coconut shell charcoal briquettes in several adhesive percentages. The method used was a completely randomized design pattern and in this study there was only one factor (factor = coconut shell charcoal and tapioca adhesive/starch), as many as 5 treatments with 3 replicatins = 15 samples to be tested. Charakteristics of coconut shell charcoal briquettes that meet ASTM standard : water content that entered ASTM standard (Max 6%) in treatment A2 (95% coconut shell charcoal + 5% tapioca adhesive), the best density is found in treatment A3 (90% coconut shell charcoal + 10% tapioca adhesive)and enter ASTM standard(1.0-1.2 g / cm3), ash content that falls within the ASTM standard (Max 18%) in treatment A3(90% coconut shell charcoal + 10% tapioca adhesive), flying substancs that comply with ASTM standard (19-28%) in treatment A3 (90% charcoal coconut shell + 10% tapioca adhesive), bonded carbon content which is included in the ASTM standard (at least 58%) in treatment A2 (95% coconut shell charcoal + 5% tapioca adhesive),and the best heating value is found in the treatment A3 ( 90% coconut shell charcoal + 10% tapioca adhesive) which falls within the ASTM standard (4000-6500 cal / g). The results of this study indicate that the percentage of tapioca adhesive can affect the characteristics of coconut shell charcoal briquetess.Keywords: Percentage of tapioca adhesive; Charcoal briquettes; Coconut shell

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