The Effect of the Colour Selection for Internal Surfaces on Non-Visual Daylight Human Response

2014 ◽  
Vol 1057 ◽  
pp. 231-240
Author(s):  
Peter Hartman ◽  
Peter Hanuliak ◽  
Lucia Maňková ◽  
Jozef Hraška
Keyword(s):  
Visual System ◽  
Spectral Composition ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
System A ◽  
Internal Surfaces ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Selection Of

Nowadays lighting criterions for internal spaces can be widened; because there is need to not only stimulate properly the human visual system but also to entrain the non-visual system of users or inhabitants. Since the medical discoveries in the field of light influence of circadian system, a system that controls our daily body rhythms, gave us basic principles how it works, we can use advanced methods how to evaluate internal light climate in the buildings. We focused on the colours of wall finishes, which influence the spectral composition of the light that enters the eye of inhabitants in specified locations. A set of specified applied colors were compared to the neutrally coloured walls. Also the effect of external shading obstruction was examined in this study. This observation, based on the spectral examination of light conditions, may provide more complex overview on selection of internal surfaces colours in long-term occupied spaces, taking health and wellbeing into consideration.

scholarly journals Optimum selection intensities in artificial selection programmes: an experimental evaluation

1977 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Frankham
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evaluation ◽  
Selection Intensity ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Term Selection ◽  
Optimum Selection ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Selection Intensities ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Better Than

SUMMARYAn experimental evaluation of Robertson's (1970) theory concerning optimum intensities of selection for selection of varying durations has been carried out using published results from a long term selection study in Drosophila. Agreement of predicted rankings of treatments with expectations was excellent for low values of t/T (generations/total number scored) but poor for larger values of t/T. This was due to the 20% selection intensity treatments responding worse than expected and the 40% treatments relatively better than expected. Several possible reasons for the discrepancies exist but the most likely explanation is considered to be the greater reduction in effective population size due to selection in treatments with more intense selection.

The Influence of Internal Coloured Surfaces on the Circadian Efficiency of Indoor Daylight

2016 ◽  
Vol 861 ◽  
pp. 493-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Hartman ◽  
Lucia Maňková ◽  
Peter Hanuliak ◽  
Michal Krajčík
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Affective Disorder ◽  
Visual Comfort ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Light Stimulation ◽  
Light Spectrum ◽  
Efficiency Function ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Internal Surfaces ◽  
The Difference

The discovery of circadian stimulation by daylight has changed our understanding of the important effect the daylight has on our health and wellbeing. The new medical facts that emerged during the last decade have proven that a long-term absence of circadian light stimulation may be associated with sleep disturbance, tiredness and increased incidence of chronic depression, bipolar disorder, and seasonal affective disorder. The reason is the difference between the visual and biological (circadian) response to light and how it is being perceived by human beings: while the visual perception represented by the luminous efficiency function peaks at the wavelength of 555 nm, the circadian photoreception curve peaks in the blue light spectrum at ~450 nm. The primary circadian stimulation by daylight depends on the properties of light impinging on the retina. An experimental study was designed to quantify the effect of internal coloured surfaces on our circadian stimulation by daylight. Four identical models of a standard office were manufactured, equipped by wallpapers of different colours, and exposed to daylight. Illuminance and spectral distribution of light were measured at different positions along the room and the potential circadian stimulation was evaluated by an established model. The measurements have proven that although the visual comfort may be satisfactory, circadian stimulation may be inhibited, especially when room´s surfaces are yellow. Thus, proper choice of internal surfaces´ colours is important to prevent the potential negative health consequences.

scholarly journals Audio-Visual Aids in Teaching-Learning Process of Health Science Students and Professionals

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 50-52
Author(s):  
Prem Kumar Yadav ◽  
Tushar Kanti Bera ◽  
Prithwiraj Mukharjee ◽  
Shankar Yadav ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Sah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Visual Aids ◽  
System A ◽  
Power Point Presentation ◽  
Power Point ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Key Techniques ◽  
Selection Of

Essence and necessity to make the teaching-learning process more innovative, scientific and students' centred have become main aim and objective of present day education system. A large number of methods are being used in teaching-learning process. The audio visual aids are being increasingly used since these involve both audio (verbal) as well as visual way of teaching. Several researches have been proved that the ability to recall is high with teaching using audio visual aids. Selection of appropriate media of teaching is one of the smart and important steps of teaching students of different levels and domains. Several media of audio visual aids are being practisized such as overhead projector (OHP), power point presentation (PPT), white or black board teaching and flip charts etc. These media have merits as well as demerits. There are key techniques to make them more effective. The audio visual aids help in consolidation of long term memories of learnt information. Logical use of different types of media simultaneously during teaching can be more beneficial for the learners in many ways.

Starters and Bacteriophages in Lactic Acid Casein Manufacture

1975 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 275-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. THOMAS ◽  
R. J. LOWRIE
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Continuous Selection ◽  
Streptococcus Cremoris ◽  
Selection For ◽  
The Individual ◽  
First Time ◽  
Selection Of

A controlled starter system was used for the first time in commercial lactic acid casein manufacture in New Zealand. Multiple starters of up to four components were constructed from 18 recently derived Streptococcus cremoris isolates which were not lysed by any of the phages in the collection of the New Zealand Dairy Research Institute. During the first season of casein manufacture, phages attacking 17 isolates were detected in the casein whey. Of these, 12 prevented adequate acid production by the appropriate host even at levels below 1 phage per 10 to 1000 ml in the milk before starter addition. In contrast, the first detected phages attacking the other five isolates did not significantly influence the rate of acid development; use of these starters continued until phages which eliminated acid production appeared. An alternative starter system based on the continuous selection of “phage-tolerant” cultures was investigated. Regular addition of whey, from previous manufacture, to the individual mother cultures of each component permitted long-term use of the multiple starter. This procedure of continued selection for phage-tolerant organisms has been used successfully for a complete season in a major casein factory.

scholarly journals Vertical selection for nuclear and mitochondrial genomes shapes gut microbiota and modifies risks for complex diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youjie Zhang ◽  
Sivarajan Kumarasamy ◽  
Blair Mell ◽  
Xi Cheng ◽  
Eric E. Morgan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Disease ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Complex Diseases ◽  
Mitochondrial Genomes ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Differential Acquisition ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Selection Of

Here we postulate that the heritability of complex disease traits previously ascribed solely to the inheritance of the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes is broadened to encompass a third component of the holobiome, the microbiome. To test this, we expanded on the selectively bred low capacity runner/high capacity runner (LCR/HCR) rat exercise model system into four distinct rat holobiont model frameworks including matched and mismatched host nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Vertical selection of varying nuclear and mitochondrial genomes resulted in differential acquisition of the microbiome within each of these holobiont models. Polygenic disease risk of these novel models were assessed and subsequently correlated with patterns of acquisition and contributions of their microbiomes in controlled laboratory settings. Nuclear-mitochondrial-microbiotal interactions were not for exercise as a reporter of health, but significantly noted for increased adiposity, increased blood pressure, compromised cardiac function, and loss of long-term memory as reporters of disease susceptibility. These findings provide evidence for coselection of the microbiome with nuclear and mitochondrial genomes as an important feature impacting the heritability of complex diseases.

Evaluation of Indoor Daylight Parameters during Long–Term Observations in the Rooms Equipped with Intensive Coloured Surfaces

2014 ◽  
Vol 1041 ◽  
pp. 403-407
Author(s):  
Peter Hartman ◽  
Peter Hanuliak ◽  
Lucia Maňková
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Sick Building Syndrome ◽  
Visual Response ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Spectral Power Distribution ◽  
Internal Surfaces ◽  
Sick Building ◽  
Office Rooms

Examination, design and control of internal light conditions belong to important actual architectural issues. In most cases the reason is increasingly growing interest in non-visual response of human on the ambient light properties. Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) is assumed to be caused by complex of inappropriate indoor environment circumstances. Unsuitable light conditions are regarded to be one of them. This paper deals with comparison of internal light parameters such as photopic illuminance level EV, Spectral Power Distribution (SPD) and definition of peak wavelength value recorded in tested office rooms, which were scaled down to models for easier handling. Models are equipped with different selected colored wallpapers and flooring materials, whereby one model remains with all surfaces in neutral colors. The outputs of measured parameters are compared with each other and also with outdoor levels of the same light properties. There is also defined filtration efficacy of blue light component assumed to be most effective for controlling of non-visual sensoring system of human body. This observation may provide more complex overview on selection of internal surfaces colors in long-term occupied spaces, taking health and wellbeing into consideration.

scholarly journals Stable differentiation and clonality of murine long-term hematopoiesis after extended reduced-intensity selection for MGMT P140K transgene expression

Blood ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
pp. 1779-1787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia R. Ball ◽  
Ingo H. Pilz ◽  
Manfred Schmidt ◽  
Sylvia Fessler ◽  
David A. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
In Vivo Selection ◽  
Cell Clones ◽  
Selection For ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reduced Intensity ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractEfficient in vivo selection increases survival of gene-corrected hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and protects hematopoiesis, even if initial gene transfer efficiency is low. Moreover, selection of a limited number of transduced HSCs lowers the number of cell clones at risk of gene activation by insertional mutagenesis. However, a limited clonal repertoire greatly increases the proliferation stress of each individual clone. Therefore, understanding the impact of in vivo selection on proliferation and lineage differentiation of stem-cell clones is essential for its clinical use. We established minimal cell and drug dosage requirements for selection of P140K mutant O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT P140K)–expressing HSCs and monitored their differentiation potential and clonality under long-term selective stress. Up to 17 administrations of O6-benzylguanine (O6-BG) and 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitroso-urea (BCNU) did not impair long-term differentiation and proliferation of MGMT P140K–expressing stem-cell clones in mice that underwent serial transplantation and did not lead to clonal exhaustion. Interestingly, not all gene-modified hematopoietic repopulating cell clones were efficiently selectable. Our studies demonstrate that the normal function of murine hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells is not compromised by reduced-intensity long-term in vivo selection, thus underscoring the potential value of MGMT P140K selection for clinical gene therapy.

scholarly journals Parameters and determinants of responses to selection in antibody libraries

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. e1008751
Author(s):  
Steven Schulz ◽  
Sébastien Boyer ◽  
Matteo Smerlak ◽  
Simona Cocco ◽  
Rémi Monasson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Affinity Maturation ◽  
Response To Selection ◽  
Evolutionary Potential ◽  
Term Evolution ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Antibody Libraries ◽  
Selection For ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

The sequences of antibodies from a given repertoire are highly diverse at few sites located on the surface of a genome-encoded larger scaffold. The scaffold is often considered to play a lesser role than highly diverse, non-genome-encoded sites in controlling binding affinity and specificity. To gauge the impact of the scaffold, we carried out quantitative phage display experiments where we compare the response to selection for binding to four different targets of three different antibody libraries based on distinct scaffolds but harboring the same diversity at randomized sites. We first show that the response to selection of an antibody library may be captured by two measurable parameters. Second, we provide evidence that one of these parameters is determined by the degree of affinity maturation of the scaffold, affinity maturation being the process by which antibodies accumulate somatic mutations to evolve towards higher affinities during the natural immune response. In all cases, we find that libraries of antibodies built around maturated scaffolds have a lower response to selection to other arbitrary targets than libraries built around germline-based scaffolds. We thus propose that germline-encoded scaffolds have a higher selective potential than maturated ones as a consequence of a selection for this potential over the long-term evolution of germline antibody genes. Our results are a first step towards quantifying the evolutionary potential of biomolecules.

scholarly journals Vendor Selection Methodology Based on Multi Criteria Decision Making

2010 ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Pratesh Jayaswal ◽  
M.K. Trivedi ◽  
Lalit Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Set Theory ◽  
Fuzzy Set Theory ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Vendor Selection ◽  
Linguistic Variables ◽  
Fuzzy Decision ◽  
System A ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Selection Methodology ◽  
Selection Of

Many analytical models have been developed for addressing the Vender selection for companies. There are a list of vendor for selecting materials. It is very difficult to select a genuine vendor. Since the selection of a vendor is influenced by several parameters which are in linguistic. Form also, therefore to quantity the linguistic variables fuzzy logic and set theory is used. The fuzzy set theory helps in vagueness of the system a fuzzy decision approach is developed where are resourcing of vendors to select suitable vendor for materials is made.

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