The Impact Properties of a Polyurethane Composite Filled with Clay

2011 ◽  
Vol 197-198 ◽  
pp. 1100-1103
Author(s):  
Jian Li
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Impact Properties ◽  
Polyurethane Composite ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scanning Electron

A polyurethane/clay (PU/clay) composite was synthesized. The microstructure of the composite was examined by scanning electron microscopy. The impact properties of the composite were characterized by impact testing. The study on the structure of the composite showed that clays could be dispersed in the polymer matrix well apart from a few of clusters. The results from mechanical analysis indicated that the impact properties of the composite were increased greatly in comparison with pure polyurethane. The investigation on the mechanical properties showed that the impact strength could be obviously increased by adding 20 wt% (by weight) clay to the matrix.

scholarly journals Polymeric Composites Based on Polyurea Matrix Reinforced with Carbon Nanotubes

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Adina Vulcan ◽  
Celina Damian ◽  
Paul Octavian Stanescu ◽  
Eugeniu Vasile ◽  
Razvan Petre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Scanning Electron

This paper deals with the synthesis of polyurea and its use as polymer matrix for nanocomposites reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). Two types of materials were obtained during this research, the first cathegory uses the polyurea as matrix and the second one uses a mixture between epoxy resin and polyurea. The nanocomposites were characterized by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Tensile Tests .The elastomeric features of nanocomposites were highlighted by the results which showed low value of Tg. Also higher thermal stability with ~40oC compared with commercial products (M20) were observed, but lower mechanical properties compared to neat polyurea.

Influence of Injection Conditions on the Mechanical Property of MWCNTs/ PC Nanocomposites

2014 ◽  
Vol 983 ◽  
pp. 94-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Jun Wang ◽  
Jian Hui Qiu ◽  
Eiichi Sakai
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Interfacial Interaction ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scanning Electron

The melting mixing was applied in the preparation of Multiwalled carbon nanotubes/Polycarbonate (MWCNTs/PC) nanocomposites. MWCNTs/PC nanocomposites with different MWCNTs contents were prepared under different injection conditions. The mechanical property of nanocomposites was comparatively investigated. The results demonstrated that: the tensile property of the nanocomposites was slightly improved by MWCNTs content increasing; but as the MWCNTs contents went on to increase to 10wt%, the tensile strength and bending strength were obviously decreased about 35% and 47%, respectively, but the impact strength and hardness were increased. The center hardness of MWCNTs/PC nanocomposites was greater than the surface hardness. Besides, the changes on the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were studies by changing the injection conditions. By Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) observation, the microstructure and morphology of nanocomposites were analyzed, revealing that the center of the nanocomposite distributed more MWNTs, and the injection conditions would affect the MWNTs’ dispersion in the matrix and the interfacial interaction between MWCNTs and PC.

Impact and Thermal Properties of Unsaturated Polyester (UPR) Composites Filled with Empty Fruit Bunch Palm Oil (EFBPO) and Cellulose

2014 ◽  
Vol 896 ◽  
pp. 310-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmer Surya ◽  
Michael ◽  
Halimatuddahliana ◽  
Maulida
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this research, the impact properties of unsaturated polyester (UPR) composites filled with empty fruit bunch palm oil (EFBPO) and cellulose were investigated. The composites were made by hand-lay up method by mixing UPR with the content of each fillers (EFBPO and cellulose) of 5,10,15,20 wt.%. The parameter which was carried out on the prepared samples was impact test. It was found that the addition of fillers to the matrix caused the impact strength of composites increased at 10% addition of EFBPO and 5% addition of cellulose. The results were confirmed by fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) and supported by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Mechanical Properties and Morphology of Long Glass Fiber Reinforced PP Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 652-654 ◽  
pp. 93-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Bing Guo ◽  
Kai Zhou Zhang ◽  
Dao Hai Zhang ◽  
Bin Wu ◽  
Min He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Interfacial Interaction ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Long Glass Fiber ◽  
Pp Composites ◽  
Scanning Electron

The effects of polypropylene grafted with maleic anhydride (PP-g-MA) on the interfacial interaction of PP/GF composites were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and mechanical properties. The experimental results demonstrate that PP-g-MA could effectively improve interfacial interaction between the PP and LGF. Based on SEM, good interfacial adhesion between PP and LGF in PP/PP-g-MA/LGF（66.5/3.5/30） composites was observed. All results in this paper were consistent, and showed the good interaction between PP and LGF, which were proved by the mechanical properties of the composites.

Effect of ABS/PMMA/EMA ternary blending sequence on mechanical properties and surface glossiness

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 625-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Ding ◽  
Zhen Ming Yue ◽  
Jiao Sun ◽  
Ji Cui Zhou ◽  
Jun Gao
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
The Other ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Izod Impact ◽  
Blending Sequence ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Acrylonitrile-butadienestyrene (ABS)/poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA)/ethylene methacrylate (EMA) composites were prepared with different blending sequences. All ABS/PMMA/EMA copolymers were designed to achieve the same total chemical composition, in which ABS/PMMA was equal to 80/20 and EMA was fixed at 6 wt%. The effects of different blending sequences on the mechanical and optical properties of ABS/PMMA/EMA blends were investigated. Results indicated that the tensile strengths of ABS/PMMA/EMA blends with different blending sequences were slightly affected, whereas the Izod impact strength of blends significantly varied. The impact toughness of the blends, in which PMMA/EMA was initially blended and then combined with ABS, was approximately twice that of the other blends. This blending sequence also had surface glossiness that was superior to those of the other blends. Differential scanning calorimetry and scanning electron microscopy further revealed that blending sequence influenced the phase miscibility and dispersion of the blends, which led to different mechanical and optical properties.

Effect of Ca on Microstructure and Properties of Mg-Al-Si Alloys

2011 ◽  
Vol 194-196 ◽  
pp. 1369-1373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Xiang Xu ◽  
Hui Ju ◽  
Yang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Chinese Script ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ca Addition ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Morphology Modification ◽  
Scanning Electron

Effect of Ca addition on the morphology modification in Mg-7Al-0.8Zn-0.2Mn-1Si (AS71) alloys has been investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy (OM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and various testing machines. The results show that when adding 0.1 wt% Ca, a small fraction of Mg2Si change from Chinese script type to polygonal type; with the Ca addition up to 0.3 wt%, edges and angles of polygonal type Mg2Si phase are changed; further increase in Ca addition, the morphology of Mg2Si is changed to strip-like or spot-like one. Meanwhile, the addition of Ca results in the morphology of β- Mg17Al12 phase changing from discontinuous net-like to dispersive island-like. Ca exists as solid-soluting atomic in the matrix with small Ca addition while in the form of CaSi2 with large Ca addition. Optimal mechanical properties can be achieved when Ca addition is 0.3 wt%.

The Examination of Weld Line Properties in Injection Molded PP Composites

2008 ◽  
Vol 589 ◽  
pp. 263-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balázs Solymossy ◽  
József Gábor Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Weld Line ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Impact Properties ◽  
Injection Molded ◽  
Scanning Electron

This paper focuses on the effect of different fiber content on the mechanical properties of specimens with and without weld lines. The effect of three different melt temperatures and holding pressures were also investigated. For the experiments dumbbell shaped standard tensile specimens with and without weld lines were injection molded from PP (TVK’s H116F homopolymer) and short glass fiber (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 wt%). The mechanical properties of these composites were determined by quasi-static (standard tensile testing) and dynamic (Charpy impact test) testing methods and the corresponding weld line factors were calculated. The fracture surfaces were analyzed with the help of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). From the results of the tensile and Charpy-impact tests, it was ascertained that the temperatures and the holding pressures during injection molding did not affect the tensile and impact properties, but fiber length had a major impact on the mechanical properties of this specific composite. By increasing the fiber content, the tensile strength increased until a peak and declined after. Whereas the impact resistance decreased by the increasing fiber content in the whole examination window. Comparing the weld lined and weld line free specimens, it was concluded that weld lines did significantly decrease the tensile strength and impact properties due to the unfavorable fiber orientation beside the weld line which was visualized by scanning electron microscopy.

Study on Preparation and Properties of Polystyrene/Styrene-Ethylene/Butylene-Styrene Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 284-286 ◽  
pp. 1886-1889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Ming Sang ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Run Zeng Wang ◽  
Xing Gang Chen ◽  
Man An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Maximum Torque ◽  
Polystyrene Matrix ◽  
Blending Process ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scanning Electron

The polystyrene/styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene composites were prepared by melt blending process in this paper. The mechanical properties of PS/SEBS composites were analyzed. The results showed that the impact strength of PS/SEBS composites could be increased with the content increasing of SEBS, meanwhile the tensile strength was lower than pure polystyrene. When the content of SEBS increased to 13 wt.%, the impact strength of PS/SEBS composites was 2.4 times higher than that of pure PS. The fractured surfaces of the specimens were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The results showed that the impact fractured surfaces produced a lot of sliding along with the addition of SEBS. The particles of SEBS could be well dispersed in polystyrene matrix. From rheological properties studies and the values of the torque, it was suggested that the maximum torque of PS/SEBS composites decreased drastically.

scholarly journals The synthesis, structure and properties of polypropylene nanocomposites

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Vishnu Kribagaran Moodley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposites ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Layered Silicate ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Scanning Electron

Polymer nanocomposites may be defined as structures that are formed by infusing layered-silicate clay into a thermosetting orthermoplastic polymer matrix. The nanocomposites are normally particle-filled polymers for which at least one dimension of the dispersed particles is in nanoscale. These clay-polymer nanocomposites have thus attracted great interest in industry and academia due to their exhibition of remarkable enhancements in material properties when compared to the virgin polymer or conventional micro and macro-composites. The present work describes the synthesis, mechanical properties and morphology of nano-phased polypropylene structures. The structures were manufactured by melt- blending low weight percentages of montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclays (0.5, 1, 2, 3, 5 wt. %) and polypropylene (PP) thermoplastic. Both virgin and infused polypropylene structures were then subjected to quasi-static tensile tests, flexural tests, micro-hardness tests, impact testing, compression testing, fracture toughness analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis, tribological testing. Scanning electron microscopy studies were then conducted to analyse the fracture surfaces of pristine PP and PP nanocomposite. X-ray diffraction studies were performed on closite 15A clay and polypropylene composites containing 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 5 wt. % closite 15A nanoclay to confirm the formation of nanocomposites on the addition of organo clays. Transmission electron miscopy studies were then performed on the PP nanocomposites to determine the formation of intercalated, exfoliated or agglomerated nanoclay structures. Analysis of test data show that the mechanical properties increase with an increase in nanoclay loading up to a threshold of 2 wt. %, thereafter the material properties degrade. At low weight nanoclay loadings the enhancement of properties is attributed to the lower percolation points created by the high aspect ratio nanoclays. The increase in properties may also be attributed to the formation of intercalated and exfoliated nanocomposite structures formed at these loadings of clay. At higher weight loading, degradation in mechanical properties may be attributed to the formation of agglomerated clay tactoids. Results of XRD, transmission electron microscopy studies and scanning electron microscopy studies of the fractured surface of tensile specimens verify these hypotheses.

Toughening effect and mechanism of polyamide 12 and modified montmorillonite in polybenzoxazine resin

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 933-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junping Zhou ◽  
Ruifang Wang ◽  
Xiaojia He ◽  
Chunxia Zhao ◽  
Haolan Gou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Polyamide 12 ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Modified Montmorillonite ◽  
Large Bulk ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractThe mechanical properties of polybenzoxazine (PBa) resins were improved by adding polyamide 12 (PA12) and modified montmorillonite (OMMT) as additives. The mechanical properties and thermal stability of PBa and resulting PBa composites were investigated using an Instron universal material testing instrument and dynamic mechanical analysis. The morphologies of the fracture surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The results of morphological studies showed that PBa/PA12/OMMT composites exhibit significantly improved mechanical properties and thermal stability compared with that of the pristine PBa. When the OMMT content increased to 1 wt%, the fracture toughness (1.36 MPa·m1/2) and the fracture energy (GIC, 315.76 J·m−2) of PBa/PA12/OMMT-1 composites increased by 67.9% and 181.4%, respectively, compared with those of the pristine PBa. The thermal stability properties demonstrated that the storage modulus and glass transition temperature (Tg) of PBa/PA12/OMMT composites gradually increased with the addition of OMMT particles. The scanning electron microscopy results indicated that PBa/PA12/OMMT composites possess a toughening mechanism of crack deflection, with a large bulk of voids and debonding induced by PA12 and OMMT clay particles. Moreover, the OMMT might provide microvoid nucleating sites at its surface to release constrains for shear yielding.

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