Physical Properties of Waste Lignin/HDPE Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 221 ◽  
pp. 60-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Liu ◽  
Qing Wen Wang ◽  
Hui Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Dimensional Stability ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Dsc Analysis ◽  
Effective Utilization

The effective utilization of lignin waste has been a main concern in the bio-ethanol industry which uses straw and stalks as feedstock. In this study the lignin waste was incorporated into high density polyethylene (HDPE) to make composites by extruded pellet fabrication and thermoform process. With the increasing of the lignin content from 55% to 75%, the static flexural strength of the resulting blends was hardly influenced, but the tensile strength decreased 42%. The mechanical and dimensional stability tests both showed that the addition of 4% MAPE promoted the interfacial bonding between lignin and HDPE. The DSC analysis showed the presence of lignin scarcely influences the thermal behavior of pure HDPE and the composites.

Bio-Ethanol Lignin Waste/HDPE Composites: Preparation and Mechanical Properties

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 606-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Liu ◽  
Qing Wen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Medium Density Fiberboard ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Medium Density ◽  
Effective Utilization ◽  
Scanning Electron

The effective utilization of lignin waste has been a main concern in the bio-ethanol industry which uses straw and stalks as feedstock. In this study the lignin waste was incorporated into high density polyethylene (HDPE) to make composites by extruded pellet fabrication and thermoform process. With the increasing of the lignin content from 55% to 75%, the static flexural strength of the resulting composites was hardly influenced, but the tensile strength decreased 42%. Even though it was, the mechanical properties of lignin/HDPE composites were superior to those of traditional medium density fiberboard (MDF). Scanning electron microscopy showed that addition of 4% MAPE promoted the interfacial bonding between lignin and HDPE. Therefore, the macro performance also shows an improvement to mechanical properties.

scholarly journals Physical Properties of Concrete Containing Graphene Oxide Nanosheets

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-You Wu ◽  
Longxin Que ◽  
Zhaoyang Cui ◽  
Paul Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Ordinary Portland Cement ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Split Tensile Strength ◽  
Cement Pastes

Concrete made from ordinary Portland cement is one of the most widely used construction materials due to its excellent compressive strength. However, concrete lacks ductility resulting in low tensile strength and flexural strength, and poor resistance to crack formation. Studies have demonstrated that the addition of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheet can effectively enhance the compressive and flexural properties of ordinary Portland cement paste, confirming GO nanosheet as an excellent candidate for using as nano-reinforcement in cement-based composites. To date, the majority of studies have focused on cement pastes and mortars. Only limited investigations into concretes incorporating GO nanosheets have been reported. This paper presents an experimental investigation on the slump and physical properties of concrete reinforced with GO nanosheets at additions from 0.00% to 0.08% by weight of cement and a water–cement ratio of 0.5. The study demonstrates that the addition of GO nanosheets improves the compressive strength, flexural strength, and split tensile strength of concrete, whereas the slump of concrete decreases with increasing GO nanosheet content. The results also demonstrate that 0.03% by weight of cement is the optimum value of GO nanosheet dosage for improving the split tensile strength of concrete.

scholarly journals Physical Properties of Carboxymethyl Cellulose from Palm Bunch and Bagasse Agricultural Wastes: Effect of Delignification with Hydrogen Peroxide

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rungsiri Suriyatem ◽  
Nichaya Noikang ◽  
Tamolwan Kankam ◽  
Kittisak Jantanasakulwong ◽  
Noppol Leksawasdi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Cellulose Structure ◽  
Water Vapor Barrier ◽  
Palm Bunch

The aim of this work was to synthesize carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and produce CMC films from the cellulose of palm bunch and bagasse agricultural waste. The effect of various amounts of H2O2 (0–40% v/v) during delignification on the properties of cellulose, CMC, and CMC films was studied. As the H2O2 content increased, yield and the lignin content of the cellulose from palm bunch and bagasse decreased, whereas lightness (L*) and whiteness index (WI) increased. FTIR confirmed the substitution of a carboxymethyl group on the cellulose structure. A higher degree of substitution of CMC from both sources was found when 20%–30% H2O2 was employed. The trend in the L* and WI values of each CMC and CMC film was related to those values in their respective cellulose. Bleaching each cellulose with 20% H2O2 provided the cellulose with the highest viscosity and the CMC films with the greatest mechanical (higher tensile strength and elongation at break) and soluble attributes, but the lowest water vapor barrier. This evidence indicates that cellulose delignification with H2O2 has a strong effect on the appearance and physical properties of both CMCs.

Study on Application of Modified Polyethylene in Preparation of Wood-Plastic Composites

2010 ◽  
Vol 150-151 ◽  
pp. 379-385
Author(s):  
Qun Lü ◽  
Qing Feng Zhang ◽  
Hai Ke Feng ◽  
Guo Qiao Lai
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Impact

The wood-plastic composites (WPC) were prepared via compress molding by using the blends of high density polyethylene (HDPE) and modified polyethylene (MAPE) as the matrix and wood flour (WF) as filler. The effect of MAPE content in the matrix on the mechanical properties of the matrix and WPC was investigated. It was shown that the change of MAPE content in the matrix had no influence on the tensile strength of the matrix, but markedly reduced the impact strength of the matrix. Additionally, it had significant influence on the strength of WPC. When the content of wood flour and the content of the matrix remained fixed, with increasing the content of MAPE in the matrix, the tensile strength and the flexural strength of WPC tended to increase rapidly initially and then become steady. Moreover, with the increasing of MAPE concentration, the impact strength of WPC decreased when the low content of wood flour (30%) was filled, but increased at high wood flour loading (70%).

Effects of PMDI Modified on Physico-Mechanical Properties of Silvergrass Reinforced High Density Polyethylene Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 750-752 ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Wang Wang Yu ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
Yun Ping Cao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
High Density ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate

In this study, the silvergrass (SV) was used to reinforce HDPE composites. The effects of polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (PMDI) content, slivergrass fibers content on the mechanical, water absortion of wood plastic composites (WPCs) were investigated. It was found that the mechanical properties of the SV reinforced HDPE composites can be improved by PMDI treatment. The highest tensile strength and flexural strength of the composites can be reached with 50% SV contents at the SV: PMDI=6:1. It has been proved that the hydroxyl groups of SV fibers which can react with the-NCO by FTIR. It also can be concluded that the water absorption of PMDI treated WPCs was lower than untreated ones.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Konsentrasi Senyawa Dihidroksi Etilena Urea (Akrofik NZK) Pada Proses Finishing Kain Kapas 100% Dengan Metode Pemanas Awetan Suhu Rendah (Low Curing) Terhadap Stabilitas Dimensi, Kekuatan Sobek Dan Kekuatan Tarik

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Luciana Laksmi
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Dimensional Stability ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Trade Name ◽  
Ethylene Urea ◽  
Cellulose Fabrics

The process of producing uniforms or shirts made of 100% cotton which has a pattern of weaving or printing is very much in demand, especially in Indonesia with a tropical climate which is suitable for wearing clothes made from cotton. The need for 100% cotton fabric needs both domestically and abroad made the textile companies intensely innovate because of the connection with the quality of the cotton fabric to meet market standards and in accordance with consumer desires. There are several factors that usually affect the quality of a fabric, including dimensional stability, tensile strength and tensile strength. Anti-creasing enhancements are a form of resin refinement application intended to improve the wrinkle-resistant properties of cellulose fabrics. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum conditions that can be achieved from the addition of anti-tangle resin substances (Acrylics NZK) to the physical properties of the fabric. The resin used was an anti-creasing resin with the trade name Ackfik NZK (Dihydroxy Ethylene Urea) using a temperature of low heating (Curing 130 C) and a concentration variation of 80, 90. 100,110 g / l. The results showed the optimum conditions achieved in this experiment were the concentration of anti-creasing agent 100g / l with a heating temperature of 130 C obtained a formaldehyde-free content of 55.80 ppm, dimensional stability of 3.2% wariness of 2.4% warp and towards the feed , tear strength of 0.640 kg of cloth towards the warp of 0.625 kg in the direction of feed, Pull strength of fabric 24.43 kg in the direction of warp 11.86 kg in the direction of feed.

Effects of MAPE Modified on Physico-Mechanical Properties of Silvergrass Reinforced High Density Polyethylene Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 423-426 ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Wang Wang Yu ◽  
Cai Hong Li ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
Jian Peng Zhang ◽  
Chang Wei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Injection Molding ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimeter ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Nucleating Agent ◽  
High Density ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Sem Images

In this study, silvergrass (SV) reinforced high density polyethylene (HDPE) composites (WPCs) were prepared by injection molding. The effects of maleated polyethylene (MAPE), slivergrass fibers content on the mechanical, Differential scanning calorimeter, morphologies of WPCs were investigated. It was found that the mechanical properties of the SV reinforced HDPE composites can be improved by MAPE treatment. The highest tensile strength and flexural strength of the composites can be reached with 40% and 50% SV contents at the fixed 8% MAPE respectively. The SV can be the nucleating agent with the addition of MAPE. SEM images of tensile fracture surfaces of treated composites demonstrated better fiber-matrix adhesion.

Physical Properties of Polystyrene as Influenced by Temperature

1942 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 639-646
Author(s):  
T. S. Carswell ◽  
R. F. Hayes ◽  
H. K. Nason
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Injection Moulding ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Commercial Process

Abstract The physical properties of plastics are markedly influenced by the ambient temperature, but comparatively few quantitative data on polystyrene have been published. The variation of flexural strength and deflection at break for compression-moulded polystyrene and for a number of other compression-moulded plastic materials at temperatures from —70° to +200° C was described by Nitsche and Salewski. Jenckel and Lagally determined the tensile strength of extruded polystyrene filaments at 30° to 60° C. The elongation at 20° to 90° C was reported for extruded and racked polystyrene foil by Müller. Since the mechanical properties of plastic materials are profoundly influenced by the methods used in preparing the test specimens, data on such properties are meaningless unless the details of preparation also are known. This paper describes variations in some of the mechanical properties of injection-moulded polystyrene over the range from —75° to +100° C. This method was chosen because injection moulding is by far the most commonly Used commercial process for the fabrication of polystyrene.

scholarly journals Morphological and Mechanical Properties of Poly (Butylene Terephthalate)/High-Density Polyethylene Blends

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Nga Thi-Hong Pham ◽  
Van-Thuc Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
High Density ◽  
Heterogeneous Mixture ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Butylene Terephthalate ◽  
Polyethylene Blends ◽  
Sem Microstructure

Poly (butylene terephthalate) (PBT) is a popular thermoplastic polyester resin but has low strength and low melting point. To improve its properties, PBT is often mixed with other resins, such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE). In this study, PBT/HDPE samples with 100% PBT, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 100% HDPE are generated and tested. The samples are analyzed by tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength, and SEM tests. Adding HDPE will reduce tensile strength compared to pure PBT, in which 5%, 10%, and 15% PBT/HDPE samples obtain the values 40.23, 38.11, and 27.77 MPa, respectively. These values are lower than that of pure PBT but still higher than that of HDPE. Improving the HDPE portion mostly results in decreasing flexural strength. The flexural strengths of these samples are 87.79, 70.47, 55.3, 58.98, and 19.14 MPa corresponding to 100% PBT, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 100% HDPE samples, respectively. Moreover, the SEM microstructure of PBT and HDPE indicates a two-phase heterogeneous mixture with little or no adhesion between these phases.

Mechanical Properties of Cf/SiC-ZrB2 Composites

2014 ◽  
Vol 602-603 ◽  
pp. 434-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Ling Zhou ◽  
Yan Yan Wang ◽  
Chong Hai Wang ◽  
Riu Xiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Chemical Vapor Infiltration ◽  
Thermo Physical Properties ◽  
Vapor Infiltration

Cf/SiC-ZrB2 composites were fabricated by chemical vapor infiltration and precursor infiltration pyrolysis. Specimens were then tested for mechanical properties , thermo-physical properties and microstructure. Results show flexural strength, tensile strength and compressive strength reach 430MPa,120 MPa and 365 Mpa, respectively. The mechanical properties at high temperature were tested. And the fractograph and microstructure of composites were analysized.

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