Antimicrobial Activities of Extracts of Apocynum venetum Fibers

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 2544-2547
Author(s):  
Ming Hua Li ◽  
Guang Ting Han ◽  
Yuan Ming Zhang ◽  
Jian Yong Yu
Keyword(s):  
Agar Plate ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Bacillus Lentus ◽  
Apocynum Venetum

The total content of flavonoids of extracts of Apocynum venetum (AV) fibers were determined by UV spectrophotometer. The antimicrobial activities of AV extracts were also tested using agar plate diffusion method. The results showed that the total content of flavonoids of extracts of AV fibers was 0.76 mg/g. The ethanol extract of AV fibers were partitioned by EtOH, n-BuOH and H2O. Each part was screened for antibacterial activities. The EtOH faction of extract was the most effective against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphyloccus edidernidis,Bacillus lentus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. The fractions of n-BuOH and H2O did not show any inhibitory effect on the tested bacterial and fungi. The present work is the foundation for further isolating and purifying the bioactive components in AV fibers.

Antimicrobial Activities of Bryophyllum pinnatum on Some Selected Clinical Isolates.

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I A Ibikunle
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Bryophyllum Pinnatum

Ethanol, methanol and aqueous extracts of the leaves of Bryophyllum pinnatum obtained through cold maceration, were screened for their antibacterial activities against selected multi-drug resistant bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi Staphylococcus aureus) using the agar well diffusion method. Broth dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extracts at concentrations ranging from 100mg/ml to 25mg/ml. The ethanol extract was the most reactive while the aqueous extract showed lesser antibacterial activity. Ofloxacin was the most effective antibiotic in the antibiotic susceptibility profiling of the test organisms. It was however evident that the ethanol extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum has higher antibacterial efficacy on the test organisms than Ofloxacin. Bacteriostatic and -cidal activities were exhibited by the plant extracts against the organisms ranging from 25 – 100 × 103 µg/ml. Succinctly, Bryophyllum pinnatum possesses biologically active constituents with explorable pharmacological potentials.

scholarly journals Development of mouthwash with Rosmarinus officinalis extract

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 851-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabela Moreira Baumgratz de Paula ◽  
Flávia Costa Moraes ◽  
Orlando Vieira de Souza ◽  
Célia Hitomi Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Oral Infections

Rosmarinus officinalis, which belongs to the Lamiaceaefamily, is a species of medicinal flora with therapeutic properties. In order to exploit the benefits of these properties, a mouthwash formulation was developed, with careful selection of raw materials to meet pharmacotechnical requirements. Extracts of the plant were incorporated into a mouthwash, which was shown to have inhibitory action in vitro against the micro-organisms commonly found in periodontics. Controls for assessing the quality of the drugs were carried out, quantifying phenols and flavonoids as chemical markers. Mouthwash solutions were formulated containing 0.1, 5 and 10% ethanol extract of R. officinalis; and 0.05, 5 and 10% of the hexane fraction of R. officinalis. In order to evaluate synergism, ethanol extract and hexane fraction were also added to formulations containing 0.05% sodium fluoride and 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate. These formulations were assessed for inhibitory effect against the specific microorganisms involved in the process of bacterial plaque formation, S. mutans(ATCC25175) and C. albicans(ATCC 10231), frequently found in cases of oral infections. The agar diffusion method was used to evaluate the inhibitory activity of extracts and formulations. All mouthwash solutions displayed inhibitory activity having higher sensitivity to S. mutansfor the 5% ethanol extract+0.05% sodium fluoride, and greater sensitivity to C. albicansfor the 10% hexane fraction. Results were characterized by the appearance of a growth inhibition halo, justifying the utilization and association of extracts of R. officinalis.

scholarly journals Study and comparison of antibacterial activities of extracts of Zataria multiflora and Teucrium polium on Penibacillus alvei

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 1421
Author(s):  
E. REZVANNEJAD ◽  
E. NASIRIFAR ◽  
S. LOTFI ◽  
M. ABDOLINASAB
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Lethal Effects ◽  
Zataria Multiflora ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Paenibacillus Alvei ◽  
Teucrium Polium

In this study, the antibacterial activity of ethanol and methanol extracts of Zataria multiflora and Teucrium polium was determined against Paenibacillus alvei by disc diffusion method. Paenibacillus alvei is one secondary bacterium for the European foulbrood disease in honey bee. Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration were determined by using the serial dilution method. For this, Z. multiflora and T. polium are collected from different areas of Iran then they are dried and extracted in lab. The antibacterial effect of alcoholic extracts of Z. multiflora and T. polium was lower than usual standard antibiotics (P<0.01), but the ethanol and methanol extracts of Z. multiflora at a concentration of 60mg/ml, have inhibitory and lethal effects on P. alvei. Also, 100mg/ml concentrations of ethanol extract of T. polium has inhibitory and lethal effects on this bacterium. But, the no one of used concentrations of its methanol extract has inhibitory and lethal effects. Results indicated that used extracts of Z. multiflora have the higher antibacterial effects than extract of T. polium on Paenibacillus alvei. It can be concluded that regarding the high antibacterial power of Z. multiflora, it is necessity to work on how they can be used in control and treatment of bacterial honey bee diseases.

scholarly journals Gas chromatographic and antimicrobial analyses of phenolic compounds in Senna alata (L.) Roxb. (Fabales: Fabaceae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 355-365
Author(s):  
Funmilayo Adelowo ◽  
Oluwole Oladeji
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Antimicrobial Substances ◽  
Agar Disc ◽  
Senna Alata

This present work is aimed at determining the chemical components in Senna alata (L.) Roxb. (Fabales: Fabaceae), that contains a large array of phenolic compounds which make it useful as antifungal and antibacterial. Despite a notable success in the recent researches, yet, the quantification of the chemical components has not been actually specified. There is a claim by local people that S. alata can cure fungi and bacteria related diseases. Therefore, there is a need to ascertain this claim by examining the bioactive components present in the plant. The Gas Chromatography (GC) analysis was performed using a Clarus 500 Perkin Elmer gas chromatography equipped with an Elite-5 capillary column with the addition of an absolute alcohol. The antimicrobial analysis was carried out using Agar Disc Diffusion Method. In the GC chromatogram, four prominent peaks were observed in leaf chromatogram, three peaks in flower chromatogram and five peaks in fruit chromatogram, respectively. The flower contained the highest amount of cinnamic acid (52.91%) and the fruit contained the least (17.03%). The presence of some bioactive metabolites could be responsible for the observed antifungal and antibacterial activities on the susceptible organisms studied. It could be concluded that this plant is natural sources of antimicrobial substances of high importance and are useful in chemotherapy.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Potential of Jatropha sp. Latex against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Muhammad Evy Prastiyanto ◽  
Prayoda Deri Tama ◽  
Ninda Ananda ◽  
Wildiani Wilson ◽  
Ana Hidayati Mukaromah
Keyword(s):  
Agar Plate ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Blood Agar Plate ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Mueller Hinton

Objective. This study was aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the latex of three species members of Jatropha (J. curcas, J. gossypilofia Linn., and J. multifida) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), extended-spectrum beta-lactamase- (ESBL-) producing Escherichia coli and ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumonia, carbapenemase-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE)-E. coli, K. pneumoniae-carbapenemase (KPC), and carbapenemase-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA). Method. The antibacterial activities were calculated based on the inhibition zones using the Mueller–Hinton agar diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using Mueller–Hinton broth in a microdilution method, and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) using blood agar plate. Results. The latex of Jatropha showed antibacterial activities against the MRSA and CRPA. All latex of Jatropha appeared to have the antibacterial activities against MRSA and CRPA in the diffusion method (20.4–23.7 mm and 12–15 mm), MIC (0.19–6.25%, and 25%), and MBC (0.39–12.5% and 50%). Phytochemical screening of latex indicated the presence of flavonoids. Conclusions. The latex of J. curcas, J. gossypilofia Linn., and J. multifida has the potential to be developed as antibacterial agents, especially against MRSA and CRPA strain, but further in vivo research and discovery of the mode of its action are required to shed the light on the effects.

Comparative study of the ethanol extracts of six Acinos Miller species: chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidative activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-65
Author(s):  
Tatjana D. GOLUBOVIĆ ◽  
Gordana S. STOJANOVIĆ ◽  
Dušanka V. KITIĆ ◽  
Bojan K. ZLATKOVIĆ ◽  
Dragana R. PAVLOVIĆ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Fungal Organisms ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

The ethanol extracts of selected Acinos Miller species were investigated in terms of chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidative activities. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the extracts were performed using GC and GC-MS. Eighty-six constituents, accounting for 93.70-99.99% of the total composition of the extracts, were identified. The ethanol extracts of A. majoranifolius, A. suaveolens and A. alpinus were characterized by domination of monoterpenes, representing 85.03%, 57.39% and 28.02% of the total extracts, respectively. Fatty acids and their esters in the A. arvensis and A. graveolens extracts reached 28.97% and 30.75%. Also, n-alkanes were the major compounds found in A. hungaricus ethanol extract (30.98%). The extracts were characterized by determination of total polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins. Besides, the antioxidant activity of the investigated extracts was estimated by two assays: DPPH and FRAP test. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in the extract of A. alpinus which had high levels of all examined polyphenol classes. A disk diffusion method was employed for the determination of the antimicrobial activities of the ethanol extracts. Gram-positive: Bacillus subtilis, Sarcina lutea, Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium pyogenes, Enterococcus sp., Micrococcus flavus; Gram-negative: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aerugionsa, Salmonella enteritidis, Proteus vulgaris, Escherichia coli and fungal organisms: Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were used as test microorganisms. The results of preliminary bioassay demonstrated that the A. alpinus ethanol extract could be a possible source of compounds with antioxidant and antimicrobial activity.

Growth Inhibition Effect of Medicinal Herbs Extracts on Bacillus subtilis and Aspergillus oryzae

2016 ◽  
Vol 873 ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Wen Yao Shao ◽  
Xue Shan Pan ◽  
Quan Ling Xie ◽  
Shi Yi Luo ◽  
Xiao Ting Liu
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Aspergillus Oryzae ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Medicinal Herbs ◽  
Soy Sauce ◽  
Rhizoma Coptidis ◽  
Inhibition Effect

With tetracycline and anphotericin as control, using discdiffusion technique to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of extracts from 110 medicinal herbs, investigating their antimicrobial activities. Found that 3 medicinal herbs, Fructus mume, Rhizoma coptidis and Flos caryophyllata have great inhibitory effect on Bacillus subtilis but no obviously inhibitory effect on Aspergillus oryzae. It is evident that the extracts of Fructus mume, Rhizoma coptidis and Flos caryophyllata have antibacterial activities and are potential preservatives in soy sauce fermentation.

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS ANTIMIKROBA EKSTRAK DAUN JAMBU BIJI DARI BEBERAPA KULTIVAR TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 DENGAN HOLE-PLATE DIFFUSION METHOD

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-51
Author(s):  
Farida Lanawati Darsono ◽  
Stephanie Devi Artemisia
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Activity Test

A study has been performed on the antimicrobial activities of jambu biji (Psidium guajava Linn) leaves from several cultivars (red, white and yellow cultivar) against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 representing the Gram positive bacteria. The reason for conducting this research is that the leaves of jambu biji are frequently used in traditional medicine as a remedy against diarrhoea. The hole-plate diffusion method was used for conducting the antimicrobial activity test with antibiotics (Ampicilline trihidrat) as reference standards. The extracts of jambu biji for each cultivar were obtained by reflux with ethanol 96 percent. The concentrations of the extracts applied to the holes were 10 percent, 20 percent, and 30 percent w/v, the extracts were reconstituted with tween 80 and ethanol 96 percent. Based on the result of the study, it can be concluded that the extract of jambu biji from each cultivar with the concentration of 10 percent, 20 percent, and 30 percent w/v showed antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. The result obtained statictically evaluated using Anava Factorial 3x3 and furthery tested for significancy (a = 0.05). Based on the results of study, it can be concluded that the extract of jambu biji leaves from red cultivar, white cultivar and yellow cultivar showed antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923.

scholarly journals Antibacterial activities of combination of ethanol extract of Delima fruit (Punica granatum L.) and Sereh stem (Cymbopogon citratus) on Staphylococcus aureus

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 5037
Author(s):  
Melia Pebrina ◽  
Indah Komala Sari ◽  
Eliza Arman ◽  
Honesty Diana Morika
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Pomegranate Peel Extract

ABSTRACT Background: Pomegranates contain chemical saponins and flavonoids while lemongrass stems have flavonoid chemical compounds. Substances that can inhibit the linking of bacteria are saponins and flavonoids. The most common microorganism found in ulcus diabetikum (ulcer diabetes) is Staphylococcus aureus. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of a combination of pomegranate ethanol extract and ethanol extract of lemongrass stems against S. aureus bacteria.Methods: This study used an experimental design with a complete randomized design study divided into 5 groups: groups 1 (75:25), 2 (50:50), 3 (25:75), positive control (tetracycline) and negative control. Manufacture of pomegranate peel extract and lemongrass stems was done by maceration method for further rotary, after the extract was obtained tested for antibacterial activity by diffusion method using a cylinder. With the test used analysis of variance one way.Results: The results of this study showed that the combination of pomegranate ethanol extract and citronella stem ethanol extract showed activity against S. aureus with a ratio of 15 ul:5 ul, 15 ul:15 ul, 5 ul:15 ul with inhibitory diameter of  respectively 13 mm, 11 mm, 8 mm. Whereas for positive control with chloramphenicol, the inhibition area is 9 mm.Conclusions: Statistically the combination of pomegranate ethanol extract and lemongrass stems has antibacterial power which uses p=0.005 and p<0.05. The combination of pomegranate ethanol extract and lemongrass stems has very strong antibacterial activity against S. aureus due to inhibition zones of 10-20 mm.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Cobalt(III) Complexes of 4-(2-Substituted Phenylimino)-2-(4-Substituted Phenyl)-4H-chromen-3-ol

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 2015-2021
Author(s):  
Ashok K. Singh ◽  
Suresh K. Patel ◽  
Asif Jafri
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Measurements ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Antimicrobial Evaluation ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Paper Disc

A series of eight Co(III) complexes [CoL1-8(H2O)2Cl] (I-1 to I-8) incorporating 4-(2-substituted phenylimino)-2-(4-substituted phenyl)-4H-chromen-3-ol, as a tridentate imino flavone ligands (L1 to L8, 2-sub. = NH2, SH, 4-sub. = OMe, OH, Cl, NMe2) have been synthesized, characterized and the geometry of the complexes were optimized by DFT. The chemical structure of synthesized imino flavone ligands and their complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, UV-visible, IR, ESI-mass spectral data, conductometric and magnetic measurements. The synthesized compounds have been screened for their in vitro antibacterial activities against bacteria Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and antifungal activities against fungi Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus by paper disc diffusion method. The complexes I-3, I-4, I-7 and I-8 showed good antimicrobial activities against pathogens.

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