Evaluation Indexes System for Assessing Road Construction with Recycled Waste Materials to Achieve Better Environmental Impacts

2011 ◽  
Vol 250-253 ◽  
pp. 1001-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
De Zhen Chen ◽  
Cui Jie Geng ◽  
Wen Zhou Sun
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Evaluation Indexes ◽  
Recycled Waste

Evaluation indexes system has been put forward in this paper for quantifying thesystematical energy consumption, resources consumption, total emissions’ change and waste disposal capacity in road construction with recycled waste materials involved. With help of this evaluation indexes system, the contributions to environmental improvement caused by recycling waste materials in road construction can be quantified through calculating savings on environmental impact potentials, savings on energy consumption, on virgin materials’ consumption and waste disposal capacity provided by road construction. Based on the construction project of a road section numbered No.20 EWK0+400 ~ EWK0+600 of North highway to Shanghai Pudong international airport, which was the first trial project of using several kinds of recycled waste materials including bottom ash from incinerators to replace commonly used materials such as gravel in large scale in road pavement, the results of the four indexes, namely, savings on energy consumption and virgin materials’ consumption, environmental impact potentials as well as waste disposal capacity were obtained. It was found out that with multi recycled waste materials replacing part of the common construction material, systematical energy consumption can be reduced by 30%, a large amount of virgin resource consumption can be avoid and road construction also provides a remarkable large “dumping site” for solid wastes; while at the same time environmental impact potentials were saved for most impact categories except for increase in Ecotoxicity, water chronic, which was caused by heavy metals’ leaching and can be prevented by pre-treatment. Those results are useful for guiding the utilization of recycled waste materials, as well as for developing new technology process and advanced materials in road construction.

Advantages and Basic Areas of Application of Solar Concentrating Modules With Louvered Heliostats

2021 ◽  
pp. 152-181
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Effective Energy ◽  
Building Projects ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Reducing Energy

In connection with the large-scale development of high-rise building projects recently in Russia and abroad and their significant energy consumption, one of the main principles in designing is the use of effective energy-saving technologies. Also, important aspects are reducing energy consumption and neutralizing the environmental impact of tall buildings. The most promising areas in the field of integration of solar modules (planar and concentrating) in the construction of buildings are development of BIPV technologies (roofing, film, facade materials), the integration of solar energy concentrators that do not require biaxial tracking (medium and low concentrations) on the facades and roofs of buildings (parabolic concentrators, lenses, and Fresnel mirrors), integration of highly concentrated modules on the roofs of buildings.

Utilisation of bottom ash in road construction: evaluation of the environmental impact

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 545-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Bruder-Hubscher ◽  
F. Lagarde ◽  
M. J. F. Leroy ◽  
C. Coughanowr ◽  
F. Enguehard
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Road Construction

scholarly journals Recycled C&D waste- An energy efficient and sustainable construction material

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
Madan Chandra Maurya ◽  
Dinesh Kumar Malviya
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Prime Concern ◽  
Construction Activity ◽  
Conservation Of Natural Resources ◽  
Alternative Sources

Construction and demolition (C&D) wastes are generated with construction or demolition activities and consists of non biodegradable materials such as cement concrete, bricks, plaster, steel, rubble, woods, plastics etc. Large use of natural recourses for the production of construction materials such as concrete is a prime concern for sustainability. In order to minimize the environmental impacts in terms of energy consumption, pollution, waste disposal and global warming construction industries has started to look for new alternative sources which are capable of substituting the use of natural materials, also some attempts were taken to utilize the waste generated from the demolition of structures and construction activity. The main benefits from the recycling of C&D waste are conservation of natural resources, reduction in energy consumption, solution for waste disposal crisis, environment preservation. Its use reduces reliance on primary aggregates and lowers the environmental impact of construction.  

scholarly journals New Experiences in Dike Construction with Soil-Ash Composites and Fine-Grained Dredged Materials

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remigiusz Duszyński ◽  
Angelika Duszyńska ◽  
Stefan Cantré
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Vistula River ◽  
Dredged Materials

Abstract The supporting structure inside a coastal dike is often made of dredged non-uniform sand with good compaction properties. Due to the shortage of natural construction material for both coastal and river dikes and the surplus of different processed materials, new experiments were made with sand-ash mixtures and fine-grained dredged materials to replace both dike core and dike cover materials resulting in economical, environmentally friendly and sustainable dikes. Ash from EC Gdańsk and dredged sand from the Vistula river were mixed to form an engineering material used for dike construction. The optimum sand-ash composites were applied at a field test site to build a large-scale research dike. Fine-grained dredged materials from Germany were chosen to be applied in a second full-scale research dike in Rostock. All materials were investigated according to the standards for soil mechanical analysis. This includes basic soil properties, mechanical characteristics, such as grain-size distribution, compaction parameters, compressibility, shear strength, and water permeability. In the field, the infiltration of water into the dike body as well as the erosion resistance of the cover material against overflowing water was determined. Results of both laboratory and field testing are discussed in this paper. In conclusion, the mixing of bottom ash with mineral soil, such as relatively uniform dredged sand, fairly improves the geotechnical parameters of the composite, compared to the constituents. Depending on the composite, the materials may be suitable to build a dike core or an erosion-resistant dike cover.

Analyzing the Strength of Concrete Blocks Reinforced by Half Portion of Coconut Shell

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 1684-1687
Author(s):  
S. P. Khedekar
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Recycled Aggregates ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Total Production ◽  
The World ◽  
By Products

Concrete is the premier construction material around the world and is most widely used in all types of construction works, including infrastructure, low and high-rise buildings, and domestic developments. It is a man-made product, essentially consisting of a mixture of cement, aggregates, water and admixture(s). Inert granular materials such as sand, crushed stone or gravel form the major part of the aggregates. Traditionally aggregates have been readily available at economic prices and of qualities to suit all purposes. But the continued extensive extraction use of aggregates from natural resources has been questioned because of the depletion of quality primary aggregates and greater awareness of environmental protection. In light of this, the non-availability of natural resources to future generations has also been realized. Different alternative waste materials and industrial by products such as fly ash, bottom ash, recycled aggregates, foundry sand, China clay sand, crumb rubber, glass were replaced with natural aggregate and investigated properties of the concretes. Apart from above mentioned waste materials and industrial by products, few studies identified that coconut shells, the agricultural by product can also be used as aggregate in concrete. According to a report, coconut is grown in more than 86 countries worldwide, with a total production of 54 billion nuts per annum. India occupies the premier position in the world with an annual production of 13 billion nuts, followed by Indonesia and the Philippines.

1506 Theatre and The Environmental Impact: If You Don’t Measure It Can’t Be Managed

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽  
Author(s):  
E E McCormack ◽  
D Hopkins ◽  
D M Nally
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
National Average ◽  
Healthcare Programme ◽  
Global Impact ◽  
Monetary Savings ◽  
Recycled Waste

Abstract Introduction The environmental impact of healthcare is estimated to be 5% of the total global impact and up to 10% in certain countries. The Green Healthcare programme in Ireland has published aims on its website to recycle 70% of the packaging waste and reduce waste sent to landfill by 10% by 2035. Currently the national average of recycled waste from hospitals is 11% Method We commenced a waste analysis project to assess the carbon footprint of our theatres. We measured the amount of waste which could potentially be recycled and preformed an economic analysis on this data to calculate projected cost benefit. Pilot analysis split waste into three categories – recyclable, landfill, and healthcare risk. Cases included ranged from minor to major complex including robotic procedures. Results Waste destined for the incinerator was excluded Pilot data showed that recyclable waste per case ranged from 400g to 2kg. which represents up to 50% of waste that would have otherwise been destined for landfill Conclusions Significant environmental and monetary savings are possible and recycling in theatre has been shown to be feasible in other hospitals. This does however require engagement from all staff and hospital administration. Further analysis is required to quantify the monetary cost to introduce a recycling programme and to determine optimum pathways for waste disposal in the theatre setting.

Interference mitigation in point to point wireless sensor networks using LSP protocol and time division multiplexing approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 5449-5458
Author(s):  
A. Arokiaraj Jovith ◽  
S.V. Kasmir Raja ◽  
A. Razia Sulthana
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Control Parameter ◽  
Interference Mitigation ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Point To Point ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Time Division ◽  
And Control

Interference in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) predominantly affects the performance of the WSN. Energy consumption in WSN is one of the greatest concerns in the current generation. This work presents an approach for interference measurement and interference mitigation in point to point network. The nodes are distributed in the network and interference is measured by grouping the nodes in the region of a specific diameter. Hence this approach is scalable and isextended to large scale WSN. Interference is measured in two stages. In the first stage, interference is overcome by allocating time slots to the node stations in Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) fashion. The node area is split into larger regions and smaller regions. The time slots are allocated to smaller regions in TDMA fashion. A TDMA based time slot allocation algorithm is proposed in this paper to enable reuse of timeslots with minimal interference between smaller regions. In the second stage, the network density and control parameter is introduced to reduce interference in a minor level within smaller node regions. The algorithm issimulated and the system is tested with varying control parameter. The node-level interference and the energy dissipation at nodes are captured by varying the node density of the network. The results indicate that the proposed approach measures the interference and mitigates with minimal energy consumption at nodes and with less overhead transmission.

ANALYTICAL MODEL FOR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL FROM ELECTRICITY GENERATION

2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Paulo Fernando Lavalle Heilbron Filho ◽  
Jesus Salvador Perez Guerrero ◽  
Elizabeth May Pontedeiro ◽  
Nerbe J. Ruperti, Jr. ◽  
Renato M. Cotta
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal
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