Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Citrobacter freundii Isolated from the First Bethune Hospital

2011 ◽  
Vol 268-270 ◽  
pp. 1951-1953
Author(s):  
Jian Cheng Xu ◽  
Li Qiang Wang ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Qi Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Profile ◽  
Multiple Antibiotics

Citrobacter freundii is important causes of nosocomial infections.The present study aimed to evaluate the antibiotic resistance profiles of Citrobacter freundii isolated from the First Bethune Hospital. Disk diffusion method was used to study the antimicrobial resistance. The data were analyzed by WHONET 5 software according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). The majority of 432 strains of Citrobacter freundii were collected from sputum (240, 55.6%), secretions and pus (85, 19.7%), blood (58, 13.4%). All the Citrobacter freundii isolates were sensitive to imipenem and meropenem. Citrobacter freundii strains were frequently resistant to multiple antibiotics. The results suggest that surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in Citrobacter freundii is necessary.

Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance of Klebsiella Spp. Isolated from the First Bethune Hospital

2011 ◽  
Vol 268-270 ◽  
pp. 1954-1956
Author(s):  
Jian Cheng Xu ◽  
Jun Han ◽  
Yan Ling Yang ◽  
Qi Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogens ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Multiple Antibiotics

Klebsiella spp.are opportunistic pathogens which frequently cause community and nosocomial infections.The present study aimed to evaluate the antibiotic resistance profiles of Klebsiella spp. isolated from the First Bethune Hospital. Disk diffusion method was used to study the antimicrobial resistance. The data were analyzed by WHONET 5 software according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). The majority of 3149 strains of Klebsiella spp. were collected from sputum（1890, 60.0%），blood（378, 12.0%） and secretions（315, 10.0%）. The percentage of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) in Klebsiellaspp. was 53.8% (1694/3149). Klebsiella spp. strains were frequently resistant to multiple antibiotics. Antimicrobial resistance of ESBL-producing Klebsiella spp. was more serious than that of non-ESBL-producing isolates. The results suggest that surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in Klebsiella spp. is necessary.

Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes Isolated from Products Marketed on the Border of Brazil with Argentina and Uruguay

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (11) ◽  
pp. 1941-1946
Author(s):  
JULIANO GONÇALVES PEREIRA ◽  
VANESSA MENDONÇA SOARES ◽  
LEONARDO ERENO TADIELO ◽  
TASSIANA RAMIRES ◽  
WLADIMIR PADILHA da SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Profile ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

ABSTRACT We aimed to perform serotyping and the antimicrobial resistance profile of Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from raw meats imported illegally into Brazil along the borders of Argentina and Uruguay. Distinct isolates of Salmonella spp. (n = 6) and L. monocytogenes (n = 25) obtained from 270 of these food products of earlier work were serotyped and tested for antimicrobial resistance by agar disk diffusion method. For strains that were considered phenotypically resistant, antimicrobial resistance genes were investigated: strA, strB, floR, tetA, tetB, blaZ, blaTEM, ermB, ermC, and ereB to Salmonella sp. and blaZ and mecA to L. monocytogenes. All Salmonella isolates were identified as Salmonella Infantis; they were multidrug resistant and harbored the genes blaTEM (n = 6), strA (n = 1), strB (n = 1), floR (n = 1), ermB (n = 1), tetA (n = 3), and tetB (n = 3). L. monocytogenes isolates belonged to serovars 1/2a (n = 1), 1/2b (n = 14), 1/2c (n = 2), and 4b (n = 8), showed resistance only to penicillin G (n = 12), and did not show the blaZ and mecA genes. The results demonstrated that illegal foods that are commercialized in the Brazilian international border with Argentina and Uruguay may harbor foodborne pathogens, and some of them have multidrug resistance characteristics, such as Salmonella, emphasizing the need for greater control of international food transit in Brazil, especially in the region evaluated. HIGHLIGHTS

Antimicrobial Resistance among Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Isolated from the First Bethune Hospital

2011 ◽  
Vol 268-270 ◽  
pp. 1948-1950
Author(s):  
Jian Cheng Xu ◽  
Man Zhang ◽  
Ran Liang ◽  
Qi Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Clinical Microbiology ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
Multiple Antibiotics

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) are among the most frequently isolated bacterial species in clinical microbiology, and most CNS-related infections are hospital acquired. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antibiotic resistance profiles of CNSisolated in the First Bethune Hospital. Disk diffusion method was used to study the antimicrobial resistance. The data were analyzed by WHONET 5 software according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). The majority of 2484 strains of CNSwere collected from blood (925, 37.2%), secretions (652, 26.2%) , urine (323, 13.0%) and pus (250, 10.1%). The percentage of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci (MRCNS) was 80.5％. All the CNS isolates were sensitive to vancomycin and teicoplanin. MRCNS strains were frequently resistant to multiple antibiotics. Antimicrobial resistance of MRCNS was more serious than that of methicillin-sensitive coagulase-negative Staphylococci (MSCNS). These results suggest that surveillance of antimicrobial resistance among CNS is necessary.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance of EntericSalmonellain Bangui, Central African Republic

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Diamant Mossoro-Kpinde ◽  
Alexandre Manirakiza ◽  
Jean-Robert Mbecko ◽  
Pembé Misatou ◽  
Alain Le Faou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Central African Republic ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Phenotypic Resistance ◽  
Multiple Antibiotics

Introduction. The number ofSalmonellaisolated from clinical samples that are resistant to multiple antibiotics has increased worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of resistantSalmonella entericaisolated in Bangui.Methods. All entericSalmonellastrains isolated from patients in 2008 were identified and serotyped, and the phenotypes of resistance were determined by using the disk diffusion method. Nine resistance-associated genes,blaTEM,blaOXA,blaSHV,tetA,aadA1,catA1,dhfrA1,sul I, andsul II, were sought by genic amplification in sevenS.e. Typhimurium strains.Results. The 94 strains isolated consisted of 47S.e.Typhimurium (50%), 21S.e.Stanleyville (22%), 18S.e.Enteritidis (19%), 4S.e.Dublin (4%), 4S.e.Hadar (4%), and 1S.e.Papuana (1%). Twenty-five (28%) were multiresistant, including 20 of the Typhimurium serovar (80%). Two main phenotypes of resistance were found: four antibiotics (56%) and to five antibiotics (40%). OneS.e.Typhimurium isolate produced an extended-spectrumβ-lactamase (ESBL). Only seven strains ofS.e.Typhimurium could be amplified genically. Only phenotypic resistance to tetracycline and aminosides was found.Conclusion.S.Typhimurium is the predominant serovar of entericS. entericaand is the most widely resistant. The search for resistance genes showed heterogeneity of the circulating strains.

Evaluation of antibiotic resistance pattern and mecA gene frequency in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains collected from clinical specimens in Marand hospital and treatment centers, Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Jafari-Sales ◽  
Zahra Sadeghi Deylamdeh ◽  
Afsoon Shariat
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Medical Centers ◽  
Wide Range

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus causes a wide range of infections and as a multivalent pathogen is one of the causative agents of nosocomial and community infections. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify and determine the pattern of antibiotic resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates from patients in hospitals and medical centers in Marand city and also to evaluate the presence of mecA gene. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 385 samples of S. aureus were collected from different clinical samples of patients in hospitals and medical centers of Marand city. S. aureus was identified using standard biochemical methods.  Methicillin resistance was determined by disk diffusion method in the presence of oxacillin and cefoxitin. The pattern of antibiotic resistance of the strains was determined by disk diffusion method and according to CLSI recommendation and also PCR method was used to evaluate the frequency of MecA gene. Results: In the present study, out of 385 samples of S. aureus, 215 (55.84%) samples were methicillin resistant. PCR results for mecA gene showed that 110 samples had mecA gene.  The highest antibiotic resistance was observed against penicillin (100%) and erythromycin (83.63%). Most MRSA were isolated from urine and wound samples. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate the prevalence of methicillin-resistant species and also the increase in antibiotic resistance of MRSA to various antibiotics.  Therefore, in order to prevent increased resistance to other antibiotics, it is recommended to avoid inappropriate use of antibiotics.

STUDYING THE CARRIAGE OF PATHOGENIC STAPHYLOCOCCUS (S. AURES) IN THE MEDICAL STAFF OF THE SURGICAL DEPARTMENTS OF HOSPITALS, OBSTERTIC HOSPITALS AND INDICATORS OF ACQUIRED ADAPTABILITY IN RELATION TO DIFFERENT ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Shokirbek Zakirov ◽  
◽  
Otanazar Sadullaev ◽  
Barno Samandarova ◽  
Zumrad Allaberganova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Strains

A survey was carried out on staphylococcal bacteriocarrier of medical personnel. The test material was taken from the nasal cavity and pharynx. Carriage of S.aureus in the nasal cavity was revealed in 24 examined. Investigated clinical strains of S.aureus allocated in the surgical departments of hospitals and obstetric hospitals in 2016-2018, in order to study their antibiotic resistance. The sensitivity was determined by the disk diffusion method on Muller-Hinton agar. Acquisition of resistance of S.aureus to lincomycin and erythromycin was revealed.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance ofCampylobacterRecovered from Faeces and Carcasses of Healthy Livestock

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akosua B. Karikari ◽  
Kwasi Obiri-Danso ◽  
Enoch H. Frimpong ◽  
Karen A. Krogfelt
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Major Significance ◽  
Faecal Samples

Campylobacteris of major significance in food safety and human and veterinary medicine. This study highlighted resistance situation in the area of veterinary public health in Ghana. Using selective mCCDA agar, isolates were confirmed phenotypically on API CAMPY and genotypically by multiplex PCR ofIpxAgene. The susceptibility profile of species to common and relevant antibiotics was determined by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Cattle, sheep, goat, and pig faecal samples analysed, respectively, yielded 13.2% (16/121), 18.6% (22/102), 18.5% (25/135), and 28.7% (29/101)Campylobacterspecies while 34.5% (38/110), 35.9% (42/117), 23.9% (32/134), and 36.3% (37/102) were, respectively, recovered from the carcasses. Species identified in faeces wereC. jejuni35.8% (33/92),C. jejunisubsp.doylei4.3% (4/92),C. coli47.8% (44/92), andC. lari12.0% (11/92). Species discovered in carcasses wereC. jejuni83.9% (125/149),C. jejunisubsp.doylei2.0% (3/149),C. coli6.0% (9/149), andC. lari8.1% (12/149). Resistance ranged from 92 to 97% to theβ-lactams, 7 to 69% to the quinolones, 0 to 44% to the aminoglycosides, 97 to 100% to erythromycin, 48 to 94% to tetracycline, 45 to 88% to chloramphenicol, and 42 to 86% to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole as 0% resistance was observed against imipenem.

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Listeria monocytogenes Isolated in Chicken Slaughterhouses in Northern Greece

2011 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1017-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. SAKARIDIS ◽  
N. SOULTOS ◽  
E. IOSSIFIDOU ◽  
A. PAPA ◽  
I. AMBROSIADIS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
The Other ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
High Prevalence

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Listeria monocytogenes recovered from chicken carcasses in slaughterhouses in Northern Greece. A total of 100 poultry samples (300 carcasses) were examined for Listeria spp. The samples were neck skin taken from four different slaughterhouses in Northern Greece. Forty samples were also taken from the environment of the slaughterhouses. Identification of L. monocytogenes was carried out by PCR and fingerprinting of the isolates by random amplified polymorphic DNA. L. monocytogenes strains isolated from chicken carcasses and from the environment of the slaughterhouses were also examined for antibiotic resistance. Fifty-five isolates of L. monocytogenes were tested for susceptibility to 20 antibiotics using the disk diffusion method. Listeria spp. were present in 99 of the poultry samples tested (99%), and 38 yielded L monocytogenes (38%). L. monocytogenes was also isolated in 80% of samples from the environment of a certain slaughterhouse, while the other slaughterhouses were found to be contaminated only with Listeria spp. All isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid and oxolinic acid, the majority of them to clindamycin, and only a few to tetracycline and oxytetracycline, whereas they were found to be susceptible to all other antimicrobials. The results of this study demonstrate a high prevalence of L. monocytogenes contamination in chicken carcasses, and all isolates were found to be sensitive to the antimicrobials most commonly used to treat human listeriosis.

scholarly journals Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance of maltose negative Staphylococcus aureus in South African dairy herds

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Karzis ◽  
Inge-Marié Petzer ◽  
Edward F. Donkin ◽  
Vinny Naidoo ◽  
Eric M. C. Etter
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background The discovery of antimicrobials in the 1930s was one of the greatest achievements in medicine. However, bacterial resistance to antimicrobials was already observed in the 1940s and has been reported since then in both human and veterinary medicine, including in dairy cows. Many years of monitoring milk samples in South Africa, has led to the identification of a new strain of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), which is maltose negative and appears to be an emerging pathogen. In this study the differences in susceptibility to antimicrobials of this strain were evaluated over time, over different seasons, in different provinces, and according to somatic cell count (SCC) categories. Results A data set of 271 maltose negative S. aureus isolates, cultured from milk samples from 117 herds out of the estimated 2000 commercial dairy herds in South Africa between 2010 and 2017, was studied using the disk diffusion method. This analysis was done using the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) breakpoints in order to compare using both the previous (Intermediate category grouped with Resistant) and current definitions, (Intermediate category grouped with Susceptible). The results of the analysis between the previous and the current definitions differed for tylosin, cefalonium, oxy-tetracycline and cloxacillin. Neither the analysis using the previous nor the current systems showed an effect of province for the maltose negative S. aureus. This was in contrast to the results for maltose positive S. aureus where differences between provinces were shown in a previous study, with the lowest prevalence of resistance shown in KwaZulu-Natal during spring. For the susceptibility testing of 57 maltose negative and 57 maltose positive S. aureus isolates from 38 farms, from KwaZulu Natal, Eastern Cape and Western Cape. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) results for the maltose negative S. aureus isolates confirmed the results of the disk diffusion method. Conclusions The maltose negative strains of S. aureus differed in general, in their antimicrobial resistance patterns over time, in comparison to maltose-positive S. aureus strains. MIC testing also indicated that more multidrug -resistant isolates were seen with the maltose negative S. aureus than in the maltose positive strains.

scholarly journals Identification and Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Salmonella spp. and Citrobacter spp. Isolated from Street-Vended Beverages

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Shahara Zulfakar ◽  
Noraziah Mohamad Zin ◽  
Siti Nur Shafika Mat Zalami ◽  
Nur Syakirah Mohd Nawawee
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Profile ◽  
Mar Index

The risk of foodborne diseases as well as the dissemination of antibiotic resistant bacteria increases with the consumption of street-vended food and beverages. This study investigated the prevalence of Salmonella spp. and Citrobacter spp. in street-vended beverages sold in Chow Kit, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used to identify the antibiotic resistance profile of Salmonella spp. and Citrobacter spp. isolates towards 11 selected antibiotics. Six beverage samples were found positive for presumptive Salmonella spp. and Citrobacter spp. Upon confirmation via Microgen kit and PCR biochemical testing methods, only one isolate was confirmed to be Salmonella enterica serovar Derby while the other isolates were identified as Citrobacter spp. (n= 12; 2 isolates from each positive beverage sample). The antibiogram test showed that 58.3%, 16.7%, and 8.3% of the strains tested were resistance to tetracycline, cephalexin, and ampicillin respectively, while all isolates were fully resistant toward penicillin and erythromycin. The isolate with the highest MAR index (0.45) was S231, with resistance to five of the tested antibiotics (penicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline, cephalexin, and ampicillin). Seven isolates had a MAR index of 0.27 and were resistant to three antibiotics, while the remaining four isolates had the lowest MAR index (0.18) and were resistant to only two antibiotics. This study shows that street-vended beverages have a high risk of spreading antibiotic-resistant bacteria to the public and that Citrobacter spp. should be considered as emerging multidrug-resistant bacteria in the food production system.

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