STUDYING THE CARRIAGE OF PATHOGENIC STAPHYLOCOCCUS (S. AURES) IN THE MEDICAL STAFF OF THE SURGICAL DEPARTMENTS OF HOSPITALS, OBSTERTIC HOSPITALS AND INDICATORS OF ACQUIRED ADAPTABILITY IN RELATION TO DIFFERENT ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Shokirbek Zakirov ◽  
◽  
Otanazar Sadullaev ◽  
Barno Samandarova ◽  
Zumrad Allaberganova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Strains

A survey was carried out on staphylococcal bacteriocarrier of medical personnel. The test material was taken from the nasal cavity and pharynx. Carriage of S.aureus in the nasal cavity was revealed in 24 examined. Investigated clinical strains of S.aureus allocated in the surgical departments of hospitals and obstetric hospitals in 2016-2018, in order to study their antibiotic resistance. The sensitivity was determined by the disk diffusion method on Muller-Hinton agar. Acquisition of resistance of S.aureus to lincomycin and erythromycin was revealed.

Evaluation of antibiotic resistance pattern and mecA gene frequency in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains collected from clinical specimens in Marand hospital and treatment centers, Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Jafari-Sales ◽  
Zahra Sadeghi Deylamdeh ◽  
Afsoon Shariat
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Medical Centers ◽  
Wide Range

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus causes a wide range of infections and as a multivalent pathogen is one of the causative agents of nosocomial and community infections. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify and determine the pattern of antibiotic resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates from patients in hospitals and medical centers in Marand city and also to evaluate the presence of mecA gene. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 385 samples of S. aureus were collected from different clinical samples of patients in hospitals and medical centers of Marand city. S. aureus was identified using standard biochemical methods.  Methicillin resistance was determined by disk diffusion method in the presence of oxacillin and cefoxitin. The pattern of antibiotic resistance of the strains was determined by disk diffusion method and according to CLSI recommendation and also PCR method was used to evaluate the frequency of MecA gene. Results: In the present study, out of 385 samples of S. aureus, 215 (55.84%) samples were methicillin resistant. PCR results for mecA gene showed that 110 samples had mecA gene.  The highest antibiotic resistance was observed against penicillin (100%) and erythromycin (83.63%). Most MRSA were isolated from urine and wound samples. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate the prevalence of methicillin-resistant species and also the increase in antibiotic resistance of MRSA to various antibiotics.  Therefore, in order to prevent increased resistance to other antibiotics, it is recommended to avoid inappropriate use of antibiotics.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance ofCampylobacterRecovered from Faeces and Carcasses of Healthy Livestock

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akosua B. Karikari ◽  
Kwasi Obiri-Danso ◽  
Enoch H. Frimpong ◽  
Karen A. Krogfelt
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Major Significance ◽  
Faecal Samples

Campylobacteris of major significance in food safety and human and veterinary medicine. This study highlighted resistance situation in the area of veterinary public health in Ghana. Using selective mCCDA agar, isolates were confirmed phenotypically on API CAMPY and genotypically by multiplex PCR ofIpxAgene. The susceptibility profile of species to common and relevant antibiotics was determined by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Cattle, sheep, goat, and pig faecal samples analysed, respectively, yielded 13.2% (16/121), 18.6% (22/102), 18.5% (25/135), and 28.7% (29/101)Campylobacterspecies while 34.5% (38/110), 35.9% (42/117), 23.9% (32/134), and 36.3% (37/102) were, respectively, recovered from the carcasses. Species identified in faeces wereC. jejuni35.8% (33/92),C. jejunisubsp.doylei4.3% (4/92),C. coli47.8% (44/92), andC. lari12.0% (11/92). Species discovered in carcasses wereC. jejuni83.9% (125/149),C. jejunisubsp.doylei2.0% (3/149),C. coli6.0% (9/149), andC. lari8.1% (12/149). Resistance ranged from 92 to 97% to theβ-lactams, 7 to 69% to the quinolones, 0 to 44% to the aminoglycosides, 97 to 100% to erythromycin, 48 to 94% to tetracycline, 45 to 88% to chloramphenicol, and 42 to 86% to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole as 0% resistance was observed against imipenem.

Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium Isolates from Milk, Beef, and Chicken and Their Antibiotic Resistance

2003 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 931-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. CHINGWARU ◽  
S. F. MPUCHANE ◽  
B. A. GASHE
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Predominant Species ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Enterococcal Species ◽  
Multiple Drugs

The occurrence and antibiotic resistance of enterococci, especially Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium, in milk, beef, and chicken in Gaborone, Botswana, were studied. Enterococci were isolated from these sources with the use of bile esculin agar and identified with API 20 Strep kits. Antibiotic resistance was determined by the disk diffusion method. The antibiotics tested were vancomycin, teicoplanin, ampicillin, tetracycline, and cephalothin. Among the 1,467 enterococci isolated from the samples, E. faecalis (46.1%) and E. faecium (29.0%) were found to be the predominant species. Other enterococcal species made up 25% of the isolates. More than 96 and 97% of the E. faecalis and E. faecium isolates, respectively, were found to be resistant to ampicillin. Almost 34, 27.3, and 22.4% of the E. faecalis isolates from milk, beef, and chicken, respectively, were also resistant to cephalothin. The percentages of E. faecium isolates that were found to be resistant to cephalothin were 32.8, 16.9, and 17.3% for milk, beef, and chicken, respectively. Resistance to vancomycin was widespread. It was found that 18.8, 7.8, and 13.1% of the E. faecalis isolates from milk, beef, and chicken samples, respectively, were resistant to vancomycin. In contrast, 32.8, 24.7, and 30.7% of the E. faecium isolates from milk, beef, and chicken samples, respectively, were resistant to vancomycin. Isolates that were resistant to multiple drugs were found in relatively large numbers.

Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Citrobacter freundii Isolated from the First Bethune Hospital

2011 ◽  
Vol 268-270 ◽  
pp. 1951-1953
Author(s):  
Jian Cheng Xu ◽  
Li Qiang Wang ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Qi Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Profile ◽  
Multiple Antibiotics

Citrobacter freundii is important causes of nosocomial infections.The present study aimed to evaluate the antibiotic resistance profiles of Citrobacter freundii isolated from the First Bethune Hospital. Disk diffusion method was used to study the antimicrobial resistance. The data were analyzed by WHONET 5 software according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). The majority of 432 strains of Citrobacter freundii were collected from sputum (240, 55.6%), secretions and pus (85, 19.7%), blood (58, 13.4%). All the Citrobacter freundii isolates were sensitive to imipenem and meropenem. Citrobacter freundii strains were frequently resistant to multiple antibiotics. The results suggest that surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in Citrobacter freundii is necessary.

scholarly journals  Antibiotic resistance of enterococci, coagulase negative staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from chicken meat

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 14-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.E. Yurdakul ◽  
Z. Erginkaya ◽  
E. Ünal
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

We determined the antibiotic resistance of enterococci, coagulase negative staphylococci, and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from chicken meat samples. The antibiotic resistance of the isolated strains was estimated by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method (according to the NCCLS document M2-A9 suggestions). It was found that all strains of Enterococcus spp. were resistant to tetracycline, 75% of them were resistant to ciprofloxacin, and 50% of them were resistant to erythromycin, vancomycin, and chloramphenicol. Also all strains of S. aureus were resistant to tetracycline and 25% of S. aureus strains were resistant to erythromycin and chloramphenicol, whereas all strains of S. aureus were sensitive to teicoplanin and 25% of them were sensitive to vancomycin and ciprofloxacin. As for the isolate of coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS), 68.1% of them were resistant to erythromycin, 77.2% of them were resistant to tetracycline, 59% of them were resistant to vancomycin, 9% of them were resistant to teicoplanin, and 27.2% of them were resistant to both chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin. As a result, it was found that most of the strains (all of S. aureus and Enterococcus spp., also 77.2% CNS) were resistant to tetracycline.  

scholarly journals MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE OF Klebsiella pneumoniae IN CATS IN BOGOR, INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliadi Ramadhan ◽  
Safika Safika ◽  
Ni Luh Putu Ika Mayasari
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Tetracycline Group

 This study aims to measure the level of antibiotic resistance to Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from clinical cats in Bogor. Samples were isolated and identified macroscopically, microscopically, and biochemically. Positive isolates were tested for antibiotic sensitivity using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. The results showed that Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from sputum and laryngeal swabs of clinic cats in Bogor had experienced Multidrug Resistance (MDR). The highest level of resistance to Klebsiella pneumoniae occurred in the β-lactam group (amphicillin 76%) followed by the tetracycline group (oxytetracycline 72% and tetracycline 68%), then the quinolone group (enrofloxacin 52%), and finally the aminoglycoside group (gentamicin 44%). The results of this study are expected to be taken into consideration in the use of antibiotics for the treatment of cases related to the Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria.

Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance of Klebsiella Spp. Isolated from the First Bethune Hospital

2011 ◽  
Vol 268-270 ◽  
pp. 1954-1956
Author(s):  
Jian Cheng Xu ◽  
Jun Han ◽  
Yan Ling Yang ◽  
Qi Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogens ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Multiple Antibiotics

Klebsiella spp.are opportunistic pathogens which frequently cause community and nosocomial infections.The present study aimed to evaluate the antibiotic resistance profiles of Klebsiella spp. isolated from the First Bethune Hospital. Disk diffusion method was used to study the antimicrobial resistance. The data were analyzed by WHONET 5 software according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). The majority of 3149 strains of Klebsiella spp. were collected from sputum（1890, 60.0%），blood（378, 12.0%） and secretions（315, 10.0%）. The percentage of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) in Klebsiellaspp. was 53.8% (1694/3149). Klebsiella spp. strains were frequently resistant to multiple antibiotics. Antimicrobial resistance of ESBL-producing Klebsiella spp. was more serious than that of non-ESBL-producing isolates. The results suggest that surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in Klebsiella spp. is necessary.

scholarly journals 660. Evaluation of Qvella’s FAST-Prep™ Liquid Colony™ for Early Antimicrobial Sensitivity Testing of Positive Blood Culture by Disk Diffusion Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S386-S386
Author(s):  
Susan M Novak-Weekley ◽  
Aye Aye Khine ◽  
Tino Alavie ◽  
Namidha Fernandez ◽  
Laxman Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Method ◽  
Viable Cell ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative

Abstract Background Conventional antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) of microorganisms from positive blood cultures (PBC) can take ≥ 2 days. In order to improve the turnaround time for AST on a PBC, CLSI and EUCAST have made efforts to standardize procedures for disk diffusion (DD) direct from a PBC. Qvella Corporation (Richmond Hill, ON, Canada) has recently developed FAST-Prep, an automated centrifugal sample preparation system that rapidly delivers a Liquid Colony consisting of a purified, concentrated, viable cell suspension directly from a PBC. This study was performed to investigate the feasibility of DD AST off of a PBC using a FAST-Prep Liquid Colony. Methods Contrived PBC samples were prepared by spiking 6 species of Gram-positive and 4 species of Gram-negative bacteria (3-5 strains per species) into FA® Plus bottles and incubating in the BACT/ALERT® VIRTUO® System (bioMerieux, Durham, NC). After positivity, 3 mL of PBC was added to the FAST-Prep cartridge. After 20 minutes of processing in the FAST-Prep instrument, the Liquid Colony was removed from the cartridge and a 0.5 McFarland sample was prepared for DD AST. In parallel, the DD AST from a PBC was performed using 4 drops of PBC (CLSI direct method). Both methods were compared to conventional colony-based DD AST. After 16-18 hours of incubation zone diameters and S/I/R interpretations were determined. Categorical agreement (CA) and errors for both DD AST methods were calculated. In addition, colony plate counting was performed on 0.5 McFarland suspensions of Liquid Colony and the plate colony to determine biomass recovery and sample purity. Results CA for a FAST-Prep DD AST for Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was 95.6% and 98.6%, respectively, compared to CA for CLSI DD AST of 77.2% and 81.9%, respectively. Biomass in the Liquid Colony was 7.2x108 and 1.2x109 CFU for Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, respectively. Cell concentration in the 0.5 McFarland suspension of the Liquid Colony was 3.7x107 and 5.9x107 CFU/mL for Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, respectively, which was similar to the concentration for the reference colony suspension. Conclusion The results support the potential role of FAST-Prep in providing a Liquid Colony for use in rapid AST. Disclosures Susan M. Novak-Weekley, PhD, D(ABMM), Qvella (Employee, Shareholder) Aye Aye Khine, PhD, Qvella (Employee, Shareholder) Tino Alavie, PhD, Qvella (Employee) Namidha Fernandez, MS, Qvella (Employee) Laxman Pandey, MS, Qvella (Employee) Abdossamad Talebpour, PhD, Qvella (Employee, Shareholder)

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance of Uropathogens Isolated from Patients Hospitalized in District Hospital in Central Poland in 2020

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 447
Author(s):  
Barbara Kot ◽  
Agata Grużewska ◽  
Piotr Szweda ◽  
Jolanta Wicha ◽  
Urszula Parulska
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Central Poland ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases ◽  
Tract Infections

The aim of this study was to determine antibiotic resistance patterns and the prevalence of uropathogenes causing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in patients hospitalized in January–June 2020 in central Poland. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the disk-diffusion method. Escherichia coli (52.2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (13.7%), Enterococcus faecalis (9.3%), E. faecium (6.2%), and Proteus mirabilis (4,3%) were most commonly isolated from urine samples. E. coli was significantly more frequent in women (58.6%) (p = 0.0089) and in the age group 0–18, while K. pneumoniae was more frequent in men (24.4%) (p = 0.0119) and in individuals aged 40–60 and >60. Gram-negative species showed resistance to ampicillin. K. pneumoniae were resistant to amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid (75.0%), piperacillin plus tazobactam (76.2%), cefotaxime (76.2%), cefuroxime (81.0%), ciprofloxacin (81.0%), and trimethoprim plus sulphamethoxazole (81.0%). Carbapenems were effective against all E. coli and P. mirabilis. Some K. pneumoniae (13.6%) produced metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs). E. coli (22.6%), K. pneumoniae (81.8%), and all E. faecium were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Some E. coli (26.2%), K. pneumoniae (63.6%), and P. mirabilis (14.3%) isolates produced extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL). Vancomycin-resistant E. faecium was also found. This study showed that the possibilities of UTIs therapy using available antibiotics become limited due to the increasing number of antibiotic-resistant uropathogens.

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