Comparative Study on Thermal, Compressive, and Wear Properties of Palm Slag Brake Pad Composite with other Fillers

2011 ◽  
Vol 328-330 ◽  
pp. 1636-1641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali ◽  
H. Kamarudin ◽  
Shamsul Baharin Jamaludin ◽  
M. M. A. Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Brake Pads

The attractive performance-to-cost ratio associated with the incorporation of waste material in composite formulations used to produce brake pads has stimulated the idea of exploring the possible incorporation of additional waste materials in such formulations. Thus, the viability of adding palm slag to the composite formulation used in brake pads was investigated, and the results are reported in this paper. In addition, other fillers, such as calcium carbonate and dolomite, were used for comparative purposes. The properties examined included thermal properties, compressive strength, and wear behavior. The results showed that palm slag has significant potential for use as an alternative to the existing fillers in the composite formulations used to produce brake pads.

Mechanical Properties and Wear Behavior of Brake Pads Produced from Palm Slag

2011 ◽  
Vol 341-342 ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali ◽  
H. Kamarudin ◽  
J. B. Shamsul ◽  
M. M. A. Abdullah ◽  
A.R. Rafiza
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Compression Molding ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Compression Pressure ◽  
Safety Devices ◽  
Brake Pads ◽  
Inorganic Fillers

Brake pads are important safety devices in vehicles. An effort to avoid the use of asbestos in brake pads has led to the development of asbestos-free brake pads that incorporate various organic and inorganic fillers. Palm slag as a filler in brake pads was investigated in this paper. Different processing pressures were employed during production of samples through compression molding. The properties examined included hardness, compressive strength, and wear behavior. The results showed that brake pad samples prepared with 60 tons of compression pressure resulted in the most desirable properties. Hence, palm slag has its own potential for use as a filler in asbestos-free brake pads.

scholarly journals Nanocomposite Kaolin/TiO2 as a Possible Functional Filler in Automotive Brake Pads

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Kateřina Dědková ◽  
Marcus Morbach ◽  
Jakub Výravský ◽  
Kateřina Mamulová Kutláková ◽  
Kristina Čabanová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Brake Pads ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Friction Performance ◽  
Friction Brake

An automotive friction brake pad is a complex system consisting of several components with unique and balanced properties related to operation conditions. There are efforts to develop brake pads with longer lifetime and better friction performance and wear properties. Those properties are related to composition of the pads, and therefore, new materials are being evolved. Tuning the friction and wear properties can be achieved with the selection of a functional filler and optimizing its amount in a formulation of friction brake pad. Laboratory-developed and laboratory-prepared nanocomposite material kaolin/TiO2 (KATI) has been introduced to formulation of the commercially available automotive low-steel brake pad. Kaolin was utilized as a matrix for anchoring TiO2 nanoparticles. New unused pads and pads after AK master, a standard dynamometer testing procedure of friction performance, were investigated using light and scanning electron microscopy providing information on the structure and its changes after the friction processes. Moreover, MTK wear test was used to compare wear rate of the newly developed pad with the reference low-steel pad. Improved durability of the brake pad formulation has been observed together with sufficient friction performance. Microscopic analysis shown homogenous distribution of the KATI nanocomposite in the friction layer. From the obtained results, it can be assumed that the new formulation is promising regarding to the life cycle of the pads and reduction of wear rate and thus potential production of wear particulate emissions.

Potential use of fly ash and bagasse ash as secondary abrasives in phenolic composites for eco-friendly brake pads applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (5) ◽  
pp. 1296-1305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saowapa Choosri ◽  
Narongrit Sombatsompop ◽  
Ekachai Wimolmala ◽  
Sirinthorn Thongsang
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Brake Pads ◽  
Disk Brake ◽  
Abrasive Wear Behavior ◽  
Friction And Wear Properties ◽  
Potential Use

Brake pad is the essential component of disk brake in automotive applications that is made of phenolic-based composites. The alumina and silica are often used as primary abrasives in brake pads. In this study, we investigated the hardness, compressive, friction and wear properties under room temperature and elevated temperatures (100°C and 150°C) of phenolic-based composites containing the natural ashes of fly ash and bagasse ash as secondary abrasives, which ranged from 0 to 12 wt%, for replacing primary abrasives. The results suggested that 4 wt% secondary abrasives was recommended for optimization of the overall properties of the composites. It was found that all composites exhibited the abrasive wear behavior evidenced by wear debris between the counterfaces acting as third-body abrasives. The phenolic-based composites at 100°C and 150°C had higher coefficient of friction and lower wear resistance than those at room temperature. The incorporation of bagasse ash resulted in more compression for a given load than that of fly ash. In summary, the fly ash and bagasse ash, which were natural ashes, showed a potential use as secondary abrasives in the phenolic-based composites for eco-friendly brake pads.

A Comparative Study on the Wear Behavior of Cast and Forge Aged A356 Alloy with Addition of Grain Refiner and/or Modifier

2014 ◽  
Vol 592-594 ◽  
pp. 1255-1261 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.G. Mallapur ◽  
D.G. Sondur ◽  
K.R. Udupa
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Wear Mechanism ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
A356 Alloy ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Unexpected Result ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Grain Refiner ◽  
Aged Material

In the present work, a comparative study on the wear behavior of cast aged and forge aged A356 alloy has been investigated without and with the addition of grain refiner and modifier, under dry sliding conditions using a pin-on-disc wear testing machine. The comparison study reveals that tribological properties of A356 materials are highly influenced by T6 heat treatment process. It is found in the present study that, cast aged A356 materials possess higher wear resistance as compared to forge aged materials. Apart from this, the study also reveals that cast aged material is associated with lower frictional forces and coefficient of friction as compared to the forge aged category. It is further observed in the present investigation that abrasive wear mechanism is operative in both the categories of the materials when tested with lower load for lower sliding speed and lower distance of run. At higher values of external parameters the adhesive wear mechanism dominates the wear process. Lower values of wear properties recorded by the forge aged material are an unexpected result in the present studies. It is conceived to be due to the presence of micro cracks while forging.

scholarly journals Effect of grain size on the physicomechanical properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 135-144
Author(s):  
C. V. Ossia ◽  
A. Big-Alabo ◽  
E. O. Ekpruke
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Physicomechanical Properties ◽  
Interfacial Bonding ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Brake Pads

AbstractIn this study, locally available waste coconut (Cocos nucifera) shells (CSs) were investigated as possible replacement for asbestos-based brake pads. The CS-based brake pad was tested for its physicomechanical properties and compared with a commercial brake pad used as control sample. The results showed that (a) an improved interfacial bonding between the CS particles and the binder as the grain size decreases; (b) the 90 μm grain size sample had better physicomechanical properties than the control sample in all tests except the thermal conductivity and stability tests; and (c) the hardness, compressive strength, and density of the CS-based brake pad decreased with increasing grain size, whereas the absorption properties increased with increasing grain size. The study showed that further reduction of the grain size below 90 μm and matrix impregnation with metals of good thermal conductivity could provide significant improvements to properties of the CS-based brake pad.

scholarly journals Low friction hybrid nanocomposite material for brake pad application

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Oluwatoyin Joseph Gbadeyan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Oil Absorption ◽  
Hybrid Nanocomposite ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Brake Pads ◽  
Uniform Dispersion ◽  
Interfacial Temperature

Despite the huge improvements made in the development of vehicle brake pad materials, problems such long stopping distances, noise pollution, and heat dissipation still continue to persist. In this regard, a novel polymer-based hybrid nanocomposite brake pad (HC) has been developed. Here, a combination of carbon-based materials, including those at a nanoscale, was used to produce the brake pad. The coefficient of friction, wear rate, noise level, and interfacial temperature was investigated and compared with that of a commercial brake pad material (CR). It was found that the brake pad performance varied with the formulation of each pad. Hybrid nanocomposite brake pads material exhibited superior performance in most tests when compared to the commercial brake pad. They exhibited a 65% lower wear rate, 55% lower noise level, 90% shorter stopping distance, and 71 % lower interfacial temperature than the commercial brake pad (CR). Furthermore, mechanical properties such as hardness, compressive strength, shear strength, and impact resistance were also evaluated. The material exhibited a 376% higher shear strength, 100% improved compressive strength, 77% greater modulus and 100% higher impact strength than the commercial brake pad. The hardness of both brake pads material was statistically comparable. Additionally, the thermal stability, degradation, water and oil absorption behaviour were measured. It was found that HC brake pad material exhibited a 100% lower water absorption and 80% oil absorption rate. The brake pads also exhibited a thermal stability within the brake pad standard maximum working temperature of 300 -400 0C. The superior performance of hybrid nanocomposite brake pad material observed was due to synergism between the carbon-carbon additives and uniform dispersion of carbon fiber as shown in Figure 4.16. Scanning electron microscopy study was subsequently performed on fracture and worn surfaces of the brake pads. The micrographs show changes in the structural formation after the incorporation of carbon based fillers. It also shows the smooth structure and uniform dispersion of the carbon fiber. The smooth surface of the worn brake pad is an indicative of a harder structure. No ploughing or score marks were evident. Hence, it was deduced that the reinforced had superior mechanical and tribological properties. These improved properties are suggestive of materials that may be successfully used for brake pad application.

scholarly journals Mechanical and the effect of oil absorption on tribological properties of carbon-based brake pad material

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1−2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwatoyin Joseph Gbadeyan ◽  
T. P. Mohan ◽  
K. Kanny
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Friction Material ◽  
Material System ◽  
Oil Absorption ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Brake Pads ◽  
Carbon Based

This research focuses on the mechanical and effect of oil absorption on the tribological properties of carbon-based brake pad material (CBP).  Carbon-based materials, including those at a nanosize, are combined for developed brake pad material. The mechanical properties related to wear properties such as compression strength, stiffness, hardness, and absorption properties were determined. The effect of oil absorption on the tribological properties of carbon-based materials was investigated. The obtained properties are compared with that of a ceramic-made brake pad (commercial). The experimental results show that the mechanical and absorption properties of the developed brake pad material varied with the combination and quantity of additives used to develop each brake pad material. CBP material offered higher performance than ceramic-made brake pads. The CBP material showed a higher shear strength of about 110%, 51% enhanced compressive strength, 35% greater modulus, comparative statistical hardness, 98% lesser water intake, and 97% oil absorption rate than ceramic made brake pad. The tribological properties of friction material after soaked in oil proved that absorption properties affect tribological properties of brake pads, which can be attributed to the oil content in the material system. The effect of oil uptakes on wear rate and friction of the commercial brake pad was higher than CBP materials, implying that the loading of carbon-based materials is a viable way to reduce absorption rate, which helps in increasing brake pad performance. The improved properties are suggestive of materials combinations that may be used to develop brake pad materials.

Wear behavior of rice straw powder in automotive brake pads

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 458-461
Author(s):  
İbrahim Mutlu ◽  
Ahmet Keskin
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Friction Material ◽  
Silica Content ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Brake Pads ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Novel Material ◽  
Detrimental Impact ◽  
Automotive Brake

Abstract This paper investigates the use of rice straw powder in a brake pad as a substitute for asbestos which is a carcinogenic with detrimental effects on health. Rice straw powder was used as a novel material in a brake pad. Rice straw powder has a silica content which gives the pad a c eramic-like action. Rice straws were ground after drying in order to produce the powder. Five laboratory varieties were produced, altering the rice straw powder ingredients from 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 wt.-%, respectively added to other abrasive materials, binder, friction modifiers, solid lubricant, and filler material utilizing conventional techniques. In this study, the friction surface temperature, the wear amount, and the change of the friction coefficient were determined. Additionally, the microstructure specifications of the brake pads were determined using scanning electron microscopy. Experimental results showed that a 15 wt.-% fraction of rice straw powder yielded better wear and thermo-mechanical features as compared with other combinations. The micro-structure shows a uniform distribution of the rice straw powder in the matrix. Hence, rice straw powder can be a possible candidate friction material for producing non-asbestos new brake pad without any detrimental impact.

Mechanical Properties and Morphology of Palm Slag, Calcium Carbonate and Dolomite Filler in Brake Pad Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 313-314 ◽  
pp. 174-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Che Mohd Ruzaidi Ghazali ◽  
H. Kamarudin ◽  
Shamsul Baharin Jamaludin ◽  
A.M. Mustafa Al Bakri ◽  
J. Liyana
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Metal Fiber ◽  
Significant Potential ◽  
Sem Micrograph ◽  
Rate Behavior ◽  
Binder Metal

The development of asbestos free brake pad composites using different fillers was investigated with a intention to substitute asbestos which is known hazardous and carcinogenic. Mechanical and morphology studies were made to clarify the mechanism for compressive strength, hardness and wear rate behavior of different filler of brake pad which were prepared by compression molding of mixture of filler (palm slag, calcium carbonate and dolomite) with phenolic as binder, metal fiber as reinforcement, graphite as lubricant and alumina as abrasive. The result showed that palm slag has significant potential to use as filler material in brake pad composite. The wear rate of palm slag composite was comparable with the conventional asbestos based brake pad. The result also supported by SEM micrograph.

A method for measuring the in-plane compressive strength and the compression behavior of coating layers

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
TEEMU PUHAKKA ◽  
ISKO KAJANTO ◽  
NINA PYKÄLÄINEN
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Coating Layer ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Coating Films ◽  
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Coating Color ◽  
Mineral Coatings ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Cracking at the fold is a quality defect sometimes observed in coated paper and board. Although tensile and compressive stresses occur during folding, test methods to measure the compressive strength of a coating have not been available. Our objective was to develop a method to measure the compressive strength of a coating layer and to investigate how different mineral coatings behave under compression. We used the short-span compressive strength test (SCT) to measure the in-plane compressive strength of a free coating layer. Unsupported free coating films were prepared for the measurements. Results indicate that the SCT method was suitable for measuring the in-plane compressive strength of a coating layer. Coating color formulations containing different kaolin and calcium carbonate minerals were used to study the effect of pigment particles’ shape on the compressive and tensile strengths of coatings. Latices having two different glass transition temperatures were used. Results showed that pigment particle shape influenced the strength of a coating layer. Platy clay gave better strength than spherical or needle-shaped carbonate pigments. Compressive and tensile strength decreased as a function of the amount of calcium carbonate in the coating color, particularly with precipitated calcium carbonate. We also assessed the influence of styrene-butadiene binder on the compressive strength of the coating layer, which increased with the binder level. The compressive strength of the coating layer was about three times the tensile strength.

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