Research of the Relationship between Hemp Fiber Density and its Chemical Composition

2011 ◽  
Vol 332-334 ◽  
pp. 152-155
Author(s):  
Ying Chao Ji ◽  
Jin Xing Ju ◽  
Yu Jia Liang
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Fiber Density ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Pectin Content ◽  
Density Values ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Range Of Variation

Currently available data on density of hemp are all specific values, and their differences are obvious, which could bring trouble to the related products’ development and actual production. Therefore, provide accurate density values conducive to better achieve the development and use of hemp fiber related products. This paper mainly analysis the relevancy between hemp bast fibers’ chemical compositions and its density after degumming, and draw a conclusion that the density of hemp fiber is not a fixed value but a range of variation. The density will be changed when chemical composition contents in different hemp fiber are different. Which chemical composition that affected the density most is cellulose content, followed by pectin content, and than, the lignin content and hemi cellulose content.

The Grey Relation Analysis of Hemp Fiber Fineness and Chemical Composition after Plasma Assisted Degumming

2014 ◽  
Vol 887-888 ◽  
pp. 1341-1344
Author(s):  
Di Yin ◽  
Ying Chao Ji ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Hong Li
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Grey Relation Analysis ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Fiber Fineness ◽  
Relation Analysis ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Grey Relation

The plasma was used to assist hemp fiber degumming. After degumming, the relationship of the hemp fiber fineness and chemical composition was analyzed through the Grey Relation Analysis. The results indicates that pectin content is bigger than hemicellulose and lignin content on the influence of hemp fiber fineness, and the influence of cellulose content is small. This conclusion is consistent with the actual production and the experience of technical personnel.The pectin, hemicellulose, and lignin are therefore the main content to be removed in the plasma assisted degumming.

scholarly journals Comparison of colors, microstructure, chemical composition and thermal properties of bamboo fibers and parenchyma cells with heat treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieyu Wu ◽  
Tuhua Zhong ◽  
Wenfu Zhang ◽  
Jiangjing Shi ◽  
Benhua Fei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Parenchyma Cells ◽  
Bamboo Fibers

AbstractThe effects of heat treatment at various temperatures on mechanically separated bamboo fibers and parenchyma cells were examined in terms of color, microstructure, chemical composition, crystallinity, and thermal properties. The heat-treated parenchyma cells and fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), chemical composition analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results revealed that the colors of bamboo fibers and parenchyma cells were darkened as treatment temperature increased. The microstructure of the treated fibers and parenchyma cells slightly changed, yet the shape of starch granules in parenchyma cells markedly altered at a temperature of above 160 °C. The chemical compositions varied depending on the heat treatment temperature. When treated at 220 °C, the cellulose content was almost unchanged in fibers but increased by 15% in parenchyma cells; the hemicellulose content decreased and the lignin content increased regardless of fibers and parenchyma cells. The cellulose crystal structure was nearly unaffected by heat treatment, but the cellulose crystallinity of fibers changed more pronouncedly than that of parenchyma cells. The thermal stability of parenchyma cells after heat treatment was affected more substantially compared to fibers.

Research on the Relationship between Strength and Chemical Composition of Hemp Fiber

2012 ◽  
Vol 217-219 ◽  
pp. 988-992
Author(s):  
Ying Chao Ji ◽  
Yu Jia Liang ◽  
Dan Ning Qi
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Fiber Strength ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Grey Correlation ◽  
Grey Models ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Relationship

The paper starts with the fiber strength which is one of the most important factors that could influence the fiber spinnability. By discussing the relationship between fiber strength and its four chemical compositions and analyzing the relevance between them with the method of grey correlation, this research come to a conclusion that the content of cellulose influence most on the fiber strength, and the second is lignin. Then set up four grey models between the fiber strength and pectin, hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, and carry on error analysis at last. This paper makes a contribution to provide the theoretical basis to the research and development of the hemp fiber.

scholarly journals Bioactive Chemical Composition of Cannabis Extracts and Cannabinoid Receptors

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (15) ◽  
pp. 3466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Yang ◽  
Rupali Vyawahare ◽  
Melissa Lewis-Bakker ◽  
Hance A. Clarke ◽  
Albert H. C. Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Cannabinoid Receptors ◽  
Cannabinoid Receptor ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Medical Cannabis ◽  
Cb2 Receptors ◽  
The Relationship

Cannabis is widely used as a therapeutic drug, especially by patients suffering from psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the complex interplay between phytocannabinoids and their targets in the human receptome remains largely a mystery, and there have been few investigations into the relationship between the chemical composition of medical cannabis and the corresponding biological activity. In this study, we investigated 59 cannabis samples used by patients for medical reasons. The samples were subjected to extraction (microwave and supercritical carbon dioxide) and chemical analyses, and the resulting extracts were assayed in vitro using the CB1 and CB2 receptors. Using a partial least squares regression analysis, the chemical compositions of the extracts were then correlated to their corresponding cannabinoid receptor activities, thus generating predictive models that describe the receptor potency as a function of major phytocannabinoid content. Using the current dataset, meaningful models for CB1 and CB2 receptor agonism were obtained, and these reveal the insignificant relationships between the major phytocannabinoid content and receptor affinity for CB1 but good correlations between the two at CB2 receptors. These results also explain the anomalies between the receptor activities of pure phytocannabinoids and cannabis extracts. Furthermore, the models for CB1 and CB2 agonism in cannabis extracts predict the cannabinoid receptor activities of individual phytocannabinoids with reasonable accuracy. Here for the first time, we disclose a method to predict the relationship between the chemical composition, including phytocannabinoids, of cannabis extracts and cannabinoid receptor responses.

scholarly journals Unravelling Chemical Composition of Agave Spines: News from Agave fourcroydes Lem.

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1642
Author(s):  
Dalia C. Morán-Velázquez ◽  
Juan L. Monribot-Villanueva ◽  
Matthieu Bourdon ◽  
John Z. Tang ◽  
Itzel López-Rosas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Fiber Extraction ◽  
Metabolomic Profiling ◽  
Agave Fourcroydes ◽  
Structural Carbohydrate

Spines are key plant modifications developed to deal against herbivores; however, its physical structure and chemical composition have been little explored in plant species. Here, we took advantage of high-throughput chromatography to characterize chemical composition of Agave fourcroydes Lem. spines, a species traditionally used for fiber extraction. Analyses of structural carbohydrate showed that spines have lower cellulose content than leaf fibers (52 and 72%, respectively) but contain more than 2-fold the hemicellulose and 1.5-fold pectin. Xylose and galacturonic acid were enriched in spines compared to fibers. The total lignin content in spines was 1.5-fold higher than those found in fibers, with elevated levels of syringyl (S) and guaiacyl (G) subunits but similar S/G ratios within tissues. Metabolomic profiling based on accurate mass spectrometry revealed the presence of phenolic compounds including quercetin, kaempferol, (+)-catechin, and (−)-epicatechin in A. fourcroydes spines, which were also detected in situ in spines tissues and could be implicated in the color of these plants’ structures. Abundance of (+)-catechins could also explain proanthocyanidins found in spines. Agave spines may become a plant model to obtain more insights about cellulose and lignin interactions and condensed tannin deposition, which is valuable knowledge for the bioenergy industry and development of naturally dyed fibers, respectively.

Research of the Relationship between Hemp Fiber Disintegration Degree and its Chemical Composition

2012 ◽  
Vol 482-484 ◽  
pp. 2531-2534
Author(s):  
Ying Chao Ji ◽  
Fei Wang ◽  
Yu Jia Liang ◽  
Dan Yue Li
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Grey Relational Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Relational Analysis ◽  
Degumming Process ◽  
Grey Relational ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

In order to solve the problem of degumming and short yarn of the hemp fiber, this paper mainly research the relationship between hemp fiber disintegration degree and its chemical composition. Then discuss how the contents of pectin, hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin in hemp fiber could affect the hemp fiber disintegration degree. Calculate and analysis the four factors’ affection degree by Grey Relational Analysis, and build four mathematical models between hemp fiber disintegration degree and each of its content at last. This paper makes a contribution to provide the theoretical basis to the degumming process of hemp fiber and the selection of spinning material.

Modelling of Hardness Prediction of Alloyed Copper Using Artificial Neural Networks Applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 1036 ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Jarosław Konieczny ◽  
Blazej Chmielnicki ◽  
Błażej Tomiczek
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Artificial Neural Networks ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Cold Working ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Deformation Degree ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of the work is to employ the artificial neural networks for prediction of hardness of the alloyed copper like CuTi, CuFe, CuCr and CuNiSi. In this paper it has been presented an original trial of prediction of the required hardness of the alloyed copper like CuTi, CuFe, CuCr and CuNiSi. Artificial neural networks, can be applied for predicting the effect of the chemical composition, parameters of heat treatment and cold working deformation degree on the hardness. It has been assumed that the artificial neural networks can be used to assign the relationship between the chemical compositions of alloyed copper, temperature and time of solution heat treatment, degree of cold working deformation and temperature and time of ageing. In order to determine the relationship it has been necessary to work out a suitable calculation model. It has been proved that employment of genetic algorithm to selection of input neurons can be very useful tool to improve artificial neural network calculation results. The attempt to use the artificial neural networks for predicting the effect of the chemical composition and parameters of heat treatment and cold working deformation degree on the hardness succeeded, as the level of the obtained results was acceptable. Worked out model should be used for prediction of hardness only in particular groups of alloyed copper, mostly because of the discontinuous character of input data. The results of research make it possible to calculate with a certain admissible error the hardness value basing on combinations of concentrations of the particular elements, heat treatment parameters and cold working deformation degree.

The chemical composition of poplar wood in relation to the species and the age of trees

2019 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 131-138
Author(s):  
DONATA KRUTUL ◽  
ANDRZEJ ANTCZAK ◽  
TERESA KŁOSIŃSKA ◽  
ANDRZEJ RADOMSKI ◽  
MICHAŁ DROŻDŻEK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Populus Deltoides ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Populus Trichocarpa ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Populus Alba ◽  
Poplar Wood ◽  
Growth Environment

The chemical composition of poplar wood in relation to the species and age of trees. The contents of the following substances: mineral substances, extractives, cellulose, lignin, holocellulose, in wood from fastgrowing poplar species (Populus deltoides x maximowiczii and Populus trichocarpa Torr and A.Gray) aged 2.5, 3, 5 and 7 years were compared to the contents of the abovementioned substances in Populus nigra L. and Populus alba L. wood, aged about 30. According to other publications, the cellulose and lignin contents increase in line with the tree's age. On the other hand, the comparison of cellulose content in studied poplar wood showed that its content did not depend from the species of tree, age and growth environment. Whereas, the content of extractives in poplar wood was dependent from the species of tree and growth environment. The lignin content in Populus deltoides x maximowiczii and Populus trichocarpa wood did not depend from its age and was similar to the lignin content in 30-year-old P. nigra wood. 30-year-old wood of P. nigra and P. alba contained less holocellulose compared to its contents in P. deltoides x maximowiczii and P. trichocarpa wood, regardless of its age.

The chemical composition of bracken (Pteridium aquilinum)

1944 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. S. Ferguson ◽  
E. R. Armitage
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Pteridium Aquilinum ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Rapid Fall ◽  
Dead Material ◽  
True Protein ◽  
Whole Plants

Samples of bracken were taken at fortnightly intervals from June to November at two centres. These were separated into leaf and stem and analysed.Larger samples were treated for the preparation of proteins and sugars by passing the bracken through a roller-mill, precipitating the protein with acid and concentrating the juice for sugars.Chemical composition. The main points in the analyses of the whole plants were as follows, all figures quoted being on a dry-matter basis:(1) The crude and true protein contents of young bracken in early June were high, 21 and 18%, but these fell rapidly to 10% in mid-July and finally to 3% in October.(2) The lignin content was high throughout, rising from almost 20% in young bracken to 34% in the nearly dead material.(3) The cellulose content followed the lignin content.(4) In July and August the bracken contained about 10% of total sugars. A rapid fall occurred in October, and the final samples contained very little sugars.

scholarly journals Features of the resource species Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim.) Hack. when introduced in West Siberia

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 933-940
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Gismatulina ◽  
V. V. Budaeva ◽  
G. V. Sakovich ◽  
O. Yu. Vasilyeva ◽  
G. A. Zueva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Cellulose Biosynthesis ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Seasonal Course ◽  
Miscanthus Sacchariflorus

Here we provide a scientific justification and experimental support for the choice of easily renewable cellulosic feedstock Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim.) Hack. in order to obtain high-quality nutrient broths therefrom for bacterial cellulose biosynthesis. The plant life-forms promising for breeding were screened under introduction conditions at the Central Siberian Botanical Garden, SB RAS, and this study was thus aimed at investigating the full and reduced ontogenetic patterns; cellulose and noncellulosic contents, including lignin; and duraminization of vegetative (feedstock source) organs throughout the seasonal development. The full ontogenetic patterns of the plants grown from seeds that had been collected in native habitats were compared to show that M. sacchariflorus and M. sinensis Anderss. accessions are distinguished by longer being at the most vulnerable developmental stages: seedlings and plantlets. Hence, it is preferable to cultivate seedlings on protected ground, and plantations are advisable to establish with more stable cloned vegetative material. The chemical compositions of the whole plant, leaf and stem separately, from seven M. sacchariflorus harvests were examined to reveal a rise in cellulose content and a drop in noncellulosic content with plantation age. The Miscanthus stem was found to contain more cellulose than the leaf, regardless of the plant age. The overall cellulose content was 48−53 %, providing a rationale for studies of bacterial cellulose biosynthesis in a M. sacchariflorusderived nutrient medium. Since high lignin content is undesirable for technological processes concerned with biosynthesis of bacterial cellulose, we performed histochemical assays of transverse sections of the culms to monitor the seasonal course of lignification. Our results suggest that the specific time limits for harvesting the aboveground biomass as a feedstock be validated by histochemical data on the seasonal course of lignification of M. sacchariflorus sprouts. To sum up, the examined chemical composition of M. sacchariflorus grown in the Siberian climate conditions demonstrated its prospects as a source of glucose substrate, the basic component of good-quality nutrient media for biosynthesis of bacterial cellulose.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document