Study on the Degradable Mulch Sheet Papermaking Technique

2012 ◽  
Vol 430-432 ◽  
pp. 1236-1240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Jie Gao ◽  
Hong Juan Liu ◽  
Min Li
Keyword(s):  
Current Paper ◽  
Paper Properties ◽  
Base Paper ◽  
Softwood Pulp

The current paper studies the technology used in making mulch sheet out of softwood pulp. The best technology for mulch sheet manufacturing is determined by studying the effect of the beating degree, quantitation of the base paper, dosage, and usage of the Polyamide epichlorohydrin condition for the base paper properties. The transparency is found to be very good after the base paper is steeped in a self-made transparent agent. Degradability experiments conducted on soil suggest that the mulch sheet is completely degradable.

Does kraft hardwood and softwood pulp viscosity correlate to paper properties?

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 643-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT J. OGLESBY ◽  
HUMPHREY J. MOYNIHAN ◽  
RICARDO B. SANTOS ◽  
ASHOK GHOSH ◽  
PETER W. HART
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Strength Loss ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Paper Properties ◽  
Physical Strength ◽  
Pulp Viscosity ◽  
Softwood Pulp ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Related Paper

The impact of commercially prepared, fully bleached pulp viscosity variation on handsheet physical properties was evaluated at different levels of pulp refining. Hardwood pulps from the same brownstock species mix, cooking parameters, and kappa numbers were processed through two different commercial bleach plants: one with a D0(EP)D1D2 sequence and the second with an OD0(EOP)D1 sequence. Additionally, a commercial softwood (predominately Scotts pine) brownstock pulp bleached by an OD0(EP)D1D2 sequence was employed in this study. Pulps with viscosities ranging from 14 to 21 mPa∙s were refined in a Valley beater to two freeness levels, and the associated handsheet physical properties were measured in this study. Over the pulp viscosity range of 14 to 21 mPa∙s, no clear correlation was found to exist between pulp viscosity and related paper physical properties. Finally, a series of laboratory prepared bleached pulps were purposely prepared under non-ideal conditions to reduce their final viscosities to lower values. Handsheets made from these pulps were tested in their unbeaten condition for physical strength properties. Significant and rapid strength loss occurred when the measured pulp viscosity dropped below 12 mPa∙s; overall strength properties showed no correlation to viscosity above the critical 12 mPa∙s value.

Multiple recycling of paperboard: Paperboard characteristics and maximum number of recycling cycles— Part I: Multiple recycling of corrugated base paper

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 631-638
Author(s):  
FREDERIC KREPLIN ◽  
HANS-JOACHIM PUTZ ◽  
SAMUEL SCHABEL
Keyword(s):  
Compression Test ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Paper Properties ◽  
Corrugated Board ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Base Paper ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Short Span ◽  
Multiple Recycling

Paper for recycling is an important fiber source for the production of corrugated base paper. The change in production capacity toward more and more packaging papers affects the composition of paper for recycling and influences the paper quality. This research project investigated the influence of the multiple recycling of five different corrugated base papers (kraftliner, neutral sulfite semichemical [NSSC] fluting, corrugating medium, testliner 2, and testliner 3) on suspension and strength properties under laboratory conditions. The corrugated board base papers were repulped in a low consistency pulper and processed into Rapid-Köthen laboratory sheets. The sheets were then recycled up to 15 times in the same process. In each cycle, the suspension and the paper properties were recorded. In particular, the focus was on corrugated board-specific parameters, such as short-span compression test, ring crush test, corrugating medium test, and burst. The study results indicate how multiple recycling under laboratory conditions affects fiber and paper properties.

Influences of Bleached Softwood Pulp Pretreated with Endo-Cellulase on Fiber Surface Properties and Aggregation Structure

2011 ◽  
Vol 391-392 ◽  
pp. 692-696
Author(s):  
Min Du ◽  
Xin Ping Li ◽  
Wu Guang Li
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Paper Sheet ◽  
Paper Properties ◽  
Enzymatic Pretreatment ◽  
Wetting Properties ◽  
Tear Index ◽  
Softwood Pulp ◽  
Aggregation Structure ◽  
Refining Performance

The influences of endo-cellulase pretreatment of bleached softwood pulp before refining was investigated in this paper. Refining energy consumption, paper properties, wetting properties, electric charge and aggregation structure of fiber were investigated. The results showed that pretreated with endo-cellulase at the dosage of 0.4ECG/g before refining could increase the refining degree by 53.09%, and it would reduce refining energy consumption significantly. At this dosage, the tensile index of the paper sheet increased while the tear index of paper sheet decreased slightly. Additionally, enzymatic pretreatment could raise fiber surface wettability, lower the absolute value of Zeta potential and decrease the crystallinity of fiber, which was help to improve refining performance.

scholarly journals Blending impact of hardwood pulps with softwood pulp on tissue paper properties

Wood Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-458
Author(s):  
MONIKA STANKOVSKÁ ◽  
MÁRIA FIŠEROVÁ ◽  
JURAJ GIGAC ◽  
ELENA OPÁLENÁ
Keyword(s):  
Paper Properties ◽  
Tissue Paper ◽  
Softwood Pulp

scholarly journals EFFECT OF CHITOSAN ADDITION DURING PAPER-MAKING ON AGEING STABILITY OF DOCUMENT PAPER

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 1083-1094
Author(s):  
DIMITRINA TODOROVA ◽  
◽  
VESKA LASHEVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chitosan Solution ◽  
Thermal Ageing ◽  
Paper Strength ◽  
Aluminium Sulphate ◽  
Paper Properties ◽  
Hygroscopic Properties ◽  
Complex Evaluation ◽  
Softwood Pulp ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Hardwood Pulp

The aim of the present work has been to study the influence of chitosan addition into the composition of paper intended for documents on its ageing stability, with a view of enhancing the resistance of paper strength and optical properties over time. The chitosan solution was added during the formation of the paper sheets in various amounts: 0.2%, 1% and 2% o.d.f. Paper samples of different fibrous compositions were prepared from bleached sulphate softwood pulp (BSWP) and bleached sulphate hardwood pulp (BHWP) in the following ratios: 50% BSWP:50% BHWP, 80% BSWP:20% BHWP, 100% BSWP and 100% BHWP. Then, paper samples were subjected to accelerated thermal ageing for 24 hours at 105 °C. It was found that the use of chitosan as additive in the composition of bleached cellulose paper samples led to improved strength and hygroscopic properties. The study showed that chitosan could be used in the production of kraft document papers comprising aluminium sulphate, as the presence of aluminium sulphate had no negative effect on the action of the biopolymer. Regarding the complex evaluation of the properties of the obtained papers, it could be summarized that, for the studied fibrous compositions, the optimum amount of the additive was 1% chitosan for a fibrous composition of 50% bleached softwood pulp and 50% bleached hardwood cellulose. Therefore, preparing document paper with the addition of chitosan is a convenient procedure to enhance a number of paper properties, even after the ageing process.

scholarly journals PATI TERMODIFIKASI ENZIMATIS SEBAGAI KOMPONEN PEREKAT BAHAN SALUT KERTAS CETAK

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Elyani ◽  
Jenni Rismijana ◽  
Teddy Kardiansyah ◽  
Cucu ,
Keyword(s):  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Modified Starch ◽  
Cationic Starch ◽  
Water Penetration ◽  
Paper Properties ◽  
Bleached Kraft Pulp ◽  
Base Paper ◽  
Printing Paper

This research has been conducted through several steps. Step I was base papermaking using 80% LBKP and 20 % NBKP. They were refine separately up to 300 ml CSF, then mixed with 15% CaCO3, 0.6% AKD, 0.5% poliacrylamide, and 1,5% cationic starch to dry-weight of fibers. Step II was modifying starch enzymaticaly at 70-75°C, pH 6.5 - 7.0, amylase 0,05% for 15 minutes. Step III was base-paper coating with varied adhesives. Variation I use natural starch, Variation II use enzymatic modified starch, Variation III use commercial starch each of 8%. Testing for the handsheets comprise of brightness, roughtness, picking strength, water penetration, and pH. The results showed that the viscosity for natural starch, enzymatic starch and commercial starch respectively at 8000 cPs, 26 cPs and 114 cPs. The use of enzymatic modified starch give the best paper properties. The experiments has replicated in a laboratory of paper industry, with the same results, using clay and CaCO3 at 40:60 ratio, enzymatic starch, commercial starch, and natural starch.Keywords: starch, coated printing paper, amylase, viscosity.  ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui beberapa tahapan. Tahap I adalah pembuatan kertas dasar dengan menggunakan bahan baku 80% serat pendek atau leaf bleached kraft pulp (LBKP) dan 20% serat panjang atau needle bleached kraft pulp ( NBKP) digiling secara terpisah hingga mencapai derajat giling 300 ml CSF. Selanjutnya pulp dicampur ke dalam bahan kimia yang terdiri 15 % CaCO3, 0,6% AKD, 1,5% pati kationik dan Poliakrilamida sebesar 0,5% terhadap berat kering pulp. Lembaran dibuat pada gramatur 60 g/m2. Tahap II adalah pembuatan pati termodifikasi enzimatis pada kondisi inkubasi suhu sekitar 70 – 75oC, pH : 6,5 – 7,0, waktu selama 15 menit dengan penambahan amilase sebesar 0,05%. Tahap III adalah proses penyalutan kertas dasar dengan pati termodifikasi enzimatis, sebagai pembanding menggunakan pati alam maupun pati komersial. Kemudian dilakukan pengujian terhadap lembaran yang dihasilkan meliputi : derajat putih, kekasaran, penetrasi minyak, ketahanan cabut, daya serap air dan pH. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji coba di industri dengan komposisi pigmen kaolin dan kalsium karbonat 40 : 60 menggunakan pati enzim, pati komersial, dan pati alam. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa viskositas untuk pati alam, pati enzim dan pati komersial masing-masing adalah sebasar 8000 cPs, 26 cPs dan 114 cPs. Penggunaan pati modifikasi enzim memberikan sifat kertas yang paling baik. Hasil replikasi percobaan di laboratorium industri, pati enzim juga menghasilkan sifat kertas yang lebih baik.Kata kunci: pati, kertas cetak salut, amilase, viskositas.  

SEM Study of Tension Wood Fiber Morphology and its Effect on Paper Properties

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 308-309
Author(s):  
K. W. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Tension Wood ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Fiber Morphology ◽  
Paper Properties ◽  
Pure Cellulose ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Hardwood Trees ◽  
Sem Study

Tension wood (TW) is an abnormal tissue of hardwood trees; although it has been isolated from most parts of the tree, it is frequently found on the upper side of branches and leaning stems. TW has been classically associated with geotropic alignment, but more recently it has been associated with fast growth. Paper made from TW is generally lower in strength properties. Consequently, the paper industries' growing dependence on fast growing, short- rotation trees will result in higher amounts of TW in the final product and a corresponding reduction in strength.Relatively few studies have dealt with the role of TW in the structure of paper. It was suggested that the lower strength properties of TW were due to a combination of factors, namely, its unique morphology, compression failures in the cell wall, and lower hemicellulose content. Central to the unique morphology of the TW fiber is the thick gelatinous layer (G-layer) composed almost entirely of pure cellulose.

Zero Marking of Past Tense in Child African American English

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 173-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Lee ◽  
Janna B. Oetting
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
American English ◽  
African American English ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Past Tense ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Grammatical Function

Zero marking of the simple past is often listed as a common feature of child African American English (AAE). In the current paper, we review the literature and present new data to help clinicians better understand zero marking of the simple past in child AAE. Specifically, we provide information to support the following statements: (a) By six years of age, the simple past is infrequently zero marked by typically developing AAE-speaking children; (b) There are important differences between the simple past and participle morphemes that affect AAE-speaking children's marking options; and (c) In addition to a verb's grammatical function, its phonetic properties help determine whether an AAE-speaking child will produce a zero marked form.

Ethical Issues Relevant to the Assessment of Suicide Risk in Nonclinical Research Settings

Crisis ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn M. Wilson ◽  
Bruce K. Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Schizotypal Personality ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Genetic Features ◽  
Conducting Research

Background: Our laboratory recently confronted this issue while conducting research with undergraduate students at the University of Waterloo (UW). Although our main objective was to examine cognitive and genetic features of individuals with schizotypal personality disorder (SPD), the study protocol also entailed the completion of various self-report measures to identify participants deemed at increased risk for suicide. Aims and Methods: This paper seeks to review and discuss the relevant ethical guidelines and legislation that bear upon a psychologist’s obligation to further assess and intervene when research participants reveal that they are at increased risk for suicide. Results and Conclusions: In the current paper we argue that psychologists are ethically impelled to assess and appropriately intervene in cases of suicide risk, even when such risk is revealed within a research context. We also discuss how any such obligation may potentially be modulated by the research participant’s expectations of the role of a psychologist, within such a context. Although the focus of the current paper is on the ethical obligations of psychologists, specifically those practicing within Canada, the relevance of this paper extends to all regulated health professionals conducting research in nonclinical settings.

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