Treatment of Agricultural Wastewater Using Porous Ceramics Composite of Hydroxyapatite and Silica

2012 ◽  
Vol 622-623 ◽  
pp. 915-918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supansa Intapong ◽  
Anirut Raksudjarit
Keyword(s):  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Ceramic Filter ◽  
Water Filtration ◽  
Sintered Ceramic ◽  
Agricultural Wastewater ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Silica Nanopowder

Porous ceramics filter was prepared by sintering of hydroxyapatite (HA) and silica composite nanopowder. Silica nanopowder of 50 wt% are incorporated into HA nanopowder. The mixing powders are uniaxially compact and then sintering at 900°C-1050°C in air. The characterization of the porous was carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Filtration studies using porous ceramic were performed for agricultural wastewater. The studies of the water filtration and flow through these porous showed that the sintered ceramic filter at all temperatures reduced the TDS, TS, conductivity, and arsenic (As) content. The water permeated through porous ceramic composites could be compared to drinking water quality.

Characterization of microwave-sintered ceramic composites

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 1136-1137
Author(s):  
X. Zhang ◽  
Y. Pan ◽  
T.T. Meek
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Material ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Ceramic Matrix Composite ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Structure Characterization ◽  
Alumina Powder ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Sintered Ceramic

Industrial microwave heating technology has emerged as a new ceramic processing technique. The unique advantages of fast sintering, high density, and improved materials properties makes it superior in certain respects to other processing methods. This work presents the structure characterization of a microwave sintered ceramic matrix composite.Commercial α-alumina powder A-16 (Alcoa) is chosen as the matrix material, β-silicon carbide whiskers (Third Millennium Technologies, Inc.) are used as the reinforcing element. The green samples consisted of 90 vol% Al2O3 powder and 10 vol% ultrasonically-dispersed SiC whiskers. The powder mixture is blended together, and then uniaxially pressed into a cylindrical pellet under a pressure of 230 MPa, which yields a 52% green density. The sintering experiments are carried out using an industry microwave system (Gober, Model S6F) which generates microwave radiation at 2.45 GHz with a maximum output power of 6 kW. The composites are sintered at two different temperatures (1550°C and 1650°C) with various isothermal processing time intervals ranging from 10 to 20 min.

Characterization of Nigerian Clay as Porous Ceramic Material

2013 ◽  
Vol 845 ◽  
pp. 256-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Abubakar ◽  
A.B. Aliyu ◽  
Norhayati Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Compaction Method ◽  
Percentage Porosity

Porous ceramics were produced by compaction method of Nigerian clay and cassava starch. The samples were prepared by adding an amount from 5 to 30%wt of cassava starch into the clay and sintered at temperature of 900-1300°C. The influence of cassava starch content on the bulk density and apparent porosity was studied. The result of XRD and DTA/TGA shows that the optimum sintering temperature was found to be 1300°C. The percentage porosity increased from 12.87 to 43.95% while bulk density decreased from 2.16 to 1.46g/cm3 with the increase of cassava starch from 5 to 30%wt. The effect of sintering temperature and cassava starch content improved the microstructure in terms of porosity and the thermal properties of porous clay for various applications which requires a specific porosity.

scholarly journals Characterization of High Porous PZT Piezoelectric Ceramics by different Techniques

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 500-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Praveen Kumar B ◽  
Bhupender Rawal ◽  
KM Rajan
Keyword(s):  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Figure Of Merit ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Piezoelectric Ceramics ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Ultimate Properties ◽  
Plastic Sphere ◽  
Porous Pzt

Ultimate properties of a porous ceramic is highly process dependent. In this study, prevalent porous ceramics fabrication methods (Freeze casting, Foam reticulation and Burnable Plastic Sphere (BURPS) method) have been compared by fabricating the porous lead zirconate titanate (PZT) based piezoelectric ceramics. Field Emission Scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) studies were carried out to study the pore size and distribution of the ceramics. Hydrostatic co-efficients increased tremendously on incorporation of porosity which led to Hydrostatic Figure of Merit of 7480 in Foam reticulation samples (porosity 86%). The three dimensionally interconnected networks in the freeze casted samples led to lowest acoustic impedance (6 MRayls) despite not having the lowest density.

Characterization of the Calcium Phosphate Porous Ceramic Obtained by Foam Consolidation Using Albumin

2007 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 971-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Ribeiro ◽  
José Carlos Bressiani ◽  
Ana Helena A. Bressiani
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Mercury Porosimetry ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Porous Microstructure ◽  
Interconnected Pores

In many in-vivo and in vitro studies, the behavior of calcium phosphate ceramics like β - tricalcium phosphate in biological environments has been reported to be predictive and positive. In terms of bone tissue growth, this ceramic can be more attractive presenting a porous microstructure. To obtain biomaterial quality ceramics, in this investigation β- TCP porous ceramics were prepared by a special consolidation method with albumin as a foam generating agent. This technique enables preparation a variety of formats with complex geometries. To obtain porous samples using albumin, heat had to be introduced into the system during the consolidation stage. After consolidation, the samples were sintered at 1250oC for 30 minutes and characterized using X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy and mercury porosimetry. The foams that were obtained by this method exhibited spherical and interconnected pores, characteristics desirable in biomedical implants.

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Phosphate Porous Ceramic Composites

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 916-919
Author(s):  
Ping Zhai ◽  
Xiao Feng Duan ◽  
Da Qian Chen ◽  
Chong Hai Wang ◽  
Fang Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced

Fiber porous ceramics are the excellent candidates for a variety of applications, and thus, their research is a hotspot in recent years. In this study, carbon fiber reinforced phosphate porous ceramics composites were prepared by acupuncture and in-situ solidification vacuum-assisted liquid-phase infiltration method. The tensile strength of composite was tested by universal testing machine, the microstructures of the specimen were observed by scanning electron microscopy while the thermal analysis was detected by Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer. The results show that the carbon fiber reinforced phosphate porous ceramics composites which is prepared by the technology showed above have a pore rate of 63.7%.The tensile strength reached 50.2MPa with an average pore size of at most 50μm.It also has good thermal shock resistance.

scholarly journals Pengembangan produk keramik berpori dengan proses ekstrusi pada skala laboratorium

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
Aprilina Purbasari ◽  
T Walmiki Samadhi ◽  
Aristianto Muslim
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Filter Material ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Ceramic Filter ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Ceramic Product

The application of porous ceramics as filter or membrane has increased currently and has created an opportunity to utilize inorganic waste materials such as fly ash as raw materials. The development of porous ceramic product using fly ash by extrusion process is a relevant and innovative study, especially in indonesia. This research is aimed at producing porous ceramic sample using alumina as basic raw material by extrusion process,  and to study the effect of clay, fly ash, and water composition in raw material mixture on physical properties of porous ceramic product. The produced porous ceramic samples have firing shrinkages of 1,2-3,7%, apparent porosities of 46,2-51,7%, and modulus ofrupture of 3,2-6,2MPa. Clay component gives the largest effect on apparent porosity and fly ash component gives the largest effect on firing shrinkage and modulus of rupture. The samples of porous ceramic product have relatively narrow pore size distribution, with pore diameters in the range of 10-20m. The product is therefore suitable for ceramic filter material. Keywords: Extrusion, Filter, Porous Ceramics Abstrak  Penggunaan keramik berpori sebagai filter atau membran semakin meningkat dewasa ini dan terdapat peluang untuk memanfaatkan limbah anorganik seperti abu terbang sebagai bahan baku keramik. Pengembangan produk keramik berpori dengan memanfaatkan limbah abu terbang berdasarkan proses ekstrusi berpeluang menjadi kajian yang relevan dan inovatif. khususnya di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat sampel produk kerwnik berpori berbahan dasar alumina dengan metode ekstrusi serta mempelajari pengaruh komposisi lempung, abu terbang, dan air dalam campuran bahan baku terhadap sifat-sifat fisik sampe! produk keramik berpori yang dihasi!kan. Pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sampe! produk keramik berpori memi!iki susut bakar 1,2- 3,7%, porositas semu 46,2-51,7%, dan kuat lentur 3,2-6,2 MPa. Komponen lempung memberikan pengaruh paling besar terhadap porositas semu dan komponen abu terbang memberikan pengaruh paling besar terhadap susut bakar dan kuat lentur. Sampel produk keramik yang dihasilkan memiliki ukuran pori yang re!atif seragam dengan rentang diameter pori sekitar 10-20 m, sehingga sesuai untuk digunakan sebagai material filter. Kata Kunci: Ekstrusi, Filter, Keramik Berpori

scholarly journals Regularities of phase formation, structure and properties of chemically and thermally resistant ceramic materials

2018 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 119-131
Author(s):  
M. I. Ryschenko ◽  
O. Yu. Fedorenko ◽  
M. Yu. Lisytkina ◽  
O. V. Shevtsov ◽  
K. V. Bіlohubkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Phase Formation ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Sintered Ceramic ◽  
Water Permeability Coefficient ◽  
Resistant Ceramic

Based on the compositions of MgO—Al2O3—TiO2—SiO2 system, the chemically and thermally resistant ceramic was obtained at a firing temperature of 1250 °C by the directed synthesis of tialite and mullite phases. The influence of alternative raw materials of natural and technogenic origin on the operational properties and phase composition of porous and densely-sintered ceramic materials was studied. The using expediency of pyrophyllite containing waste of quartzite mining and ferrotitanium production wastes as the phase forming components of ceramic masses is established. The mechanism of structure- and phase formation of tialite and mullite-tialite ceramics was investigated. It was established that, stabilization of the tialite phase at a temperature of 1200—1250 oC occurs while maintaining the ratio of TiO2/Al2O3 oxides ~ 1.4 and the presence of 1.3 wt. % Fe2O3, as the mineralizing component included in the waste. The possibility of obtaining tialite containing ceramic materials at a lower firing temperature (1200 oC) due to the formation of a tialite solid solution (Mg0.3Al1.4Ti1.5O5) while maintaining the ratio of MgO : TiO2 oxides = 0.18 was proved. Technological principles of the production of chemically and thermally resistant ceramics both with the densely-sintered and with the porous structure, the total porosity of which is respectively 0.41 and 60 %, have been developed. The permeability of porous ceramic materials of mullitе-tialite composition was determined (water permeability coefficient P = 5.39∙10-5 cm2/s), as well as parameters of sorption processes (diffusion rate of Cr2O7-2 and MnO4- ions is 6.38∙10-6 and 1.06∙10-5 cm2/s respectively). This indicates the possibility of using the developed porous ceramics for the manufacture of industrial wastewater filters. Complex studies of the phase composition, structure and properties of the developed ceramic materials confirmed the promise of their use for the manufacture of parts of equipment operating in corrosive environments.

An adjustable flow restrictor for implantable infusion pumps based on porous ceramics

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Jannsen ◽  
Stephan Klein ◽  
Bodo Nestler
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Path Length ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Infusion Pumps ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Adjustment Time ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Flow Path Length

AbstractThis paper describes an adjustable flow restrictor for use in gas-driven implantable infusion pumps, which is based on the resistance of a flow through a porous ceramic material. The flow inside the walls of a ceramic tube can be adjusted between 270 nl/min and 1260 nl/min by changing the flow path length in the ceramic over a distance of 14 mm. The long-term stability of the flow restrictor has been analyzed. A drift of -8% from the nominal value was observed, which lies within the required tolerance of ±10% after 30 days. The average time needed to change the flow rate is 40 s. In addition, the maximum adjustment time was 110 s, which also lies within the specification.

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