A Simulated Annealing Based Algorithm for Energy-Constrained Ferry Route Design Problem

2013 ◽  
Vol 791-793 ◽  
pp. 1113-1116
Author(s):  
Yong Wang ◽  
Qiang Dou ◽  
Wei Peng ◽  
Zheng Hu Gong
Keyword(s):  
Simulated Annealing ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Mobile Node ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Route Design ◽  
Route Length ◽  
Distance Communication ◽  
Energy Constrained ◽  
Message Ferry

Message ferry is a controllable mobile node equipped with long distance communication antennas and rechargeable energy, to collect data in sparse wireless networks and delivery it to the base station. The Energy-Constrained Ferry Route Design (ECFRD) Problem aims to schedule the ferry route when the energy of the ferry is not sufficient to access all the nodes in the network in one tour without charging, so as to minimize the total route length of the ferry. In this paper, we propose a simulated annealing based algorithm to solve the ECFRD problem. The experimental results show that the algorithm proposed in this paper can greatly reduce the total route length of the ferry, comparing the classic nearest neighbor algorithm.

An Angle Partitioning Based Algorithm for the ECFRD Problem in Wireless Sensor Network

2013 ◽  
Vol 427-429 ◽  
pp. 2408-2411
Author(s):  
Yong Wang ◽  
Qiang Dou ◽  
Wei Peng ◽  
Zheng Hu Gong
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Constraint ◽  
Route Design ◽  
Route Length ◽  
Np Hard Problem ◽  
Message Ferry

Energy-Constrained Ferry Route Design (ECFRD) Problem is an NP-hard problem to minimize the total route length of a message ferry to access all the sensor nodes in a sparse wireless sensor network, while the route length of a tour under a given value due to the energy constraint. In this paper, we propose an angle partitioning based algorithm (APBA) to solve the ECFRD problem. In APBA, the nodes are partitioned into groups according to the tangent angles of their coordinates, and the route length of each group will not exceed the energy constraint. The experimental results show that APBA can greatly reduce the total route length of the ferry. In the best case, 35% of the total route length can be saved, comparing previous nearest neighbor based split and route algorithms.

Designing Network Motifs in Connected Vehicle Systems: Delay Effects and Stability

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linjun Zhang ◽  
Gábor Orosz
Keyword(s):  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Connected Vehicle ◽  
Cruise Control ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Vehicle Communication ◽  
V2v Communication ◽  
Vehicle To Vehicle ◽  
Distance Communication ◽  
Vehicle Platoons

Arising technologies in vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication allow vehicles to obtain information about the motion of distant vehicles. Such information can be presented to the driver or incorporated in advanced autonomous cruise control (ACC) systems. In this paper, we investigate the effects of multi-vehicle communication on the dynamics of connected vehicle platoons and propose a motif-based approach that allows systematical analysis and design of such systems. We investigate the dynamics of simple motifs in the presence of communication delays, and show that long-distance communication can stabilize the uniform flow when the flow cannot be stabilized by nearest neighbor interactions. The results can be used for designing driver assist systems and communication-based cruise control systems.

scholarly journals Experimental Analysis of Cable Distance Effect on Signal Attenuation in Single and Multimode Fiber Optics

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1577
Author(s):  
Uzairue Stanley ◽  
Victor Matthews Olu ◽  
Charles Ochonogor ◽  
Amaize Peter ◽  
Anyasi Francis
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optics ◽  
Distance Effect ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Optical Amplifier ◽  
Single Mode Fiber ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Multimode Fiber ◽  
Drastic Reduction ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Distance Communication

<div class="WordSection1"><p>Losses during transmission and high demand of high data rate by the end users have become the biggest challenges facing the telecommunication industries worldwide with Nigeria inclusive. Fiber optic cable as a channel of communication has been adapted worldwide in solving these problems but there is a little limitation in the place of multimode fiber in long distance communication. This paper focuses on the effect of changes in distance on transmitted bandwidth on single mode and multimode fiber. Two cases were considered during this research; (a) with optical amplifier placed in between multimode fiber and (b) without optical amplifier in between multimode fiber. Readings were taken at various distances when specific bandwidth ranging from 50Mbps to 500Mbps was transmitted from the base station to the various distances and it was observed that there was no significant changes in bandwidth received at specified distances (100, 200, 300, 400, 500 etc) m when using single mode fiber, there was a drastic reduction in bandwidth when it get to a distance of 300m when using multimode. When optical amplifier was placed in between the multimode fiber at some selected distances after 400m from the transmitting BTS, it was noticed that the drastic reduction in transmitted bandwidth was almost eliminated, thereby proven that multimode fiber can be use in long distance communication provided optical amplifiers are incorporated in between the distance to bust the signal strength.</p></div>

scholarly journals CIRCUIT DESIGN FOR A MEASUREMENT-BASED QUANTUM CARRY-LOOKAHEAD ADDER

2010 ◽  
Vol 08 (05) ◽  
pp. 843-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
AGUNG TRISETYARSO ◽  
RODNEY VAN METER
Keyword(s):  
Circuit Design ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Cluster State ◽  
Graph State ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Ripple Carry Adder ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Distance Communication ◽  
Concurrent Architecture ◽  
Spatial Resources

We present the design and evaluation of a quantum carry-lookahead adder (QCLA) using measurement-based quantum computation (MBQC), called MBQCLA. QCLA was originally designed for an abstract, concurrent architecture supporting long-distance communication, but most realistic architectures heavily constrain communication distances. The quantum carry-lookahead adder is faster than a quantum ripple-carry adder; QCLA has logarithmic depth while ripple adders have linear depth. MBQCLA utilizes MBQC's ability to transfer quantum states in unit time to accelerate addition. MBQCLA breaks the latency limit of addition circuits in nearest neighbor-only architectures: compared to the Θ(n) limit on circuit depth for linear nearest-neighbor architectures, it can reach Θ(log n) depth. MBQCLA is an order of magnitude faster than a ripple-carry adder when adding registers longer than 100 qubits, but requires a cluster state that is an order of magnitude larger. The cluster state resources can be classified as computation and communication; for the unoptimized form, ≈ 88% of the resources are used for communication. Hand optimization of horizontal communication costs results in a ≈ 12% reduction in spatial resources for the in-place MBQCLA circuit. For comparison, a graph state quantum carry-lookahead adder (GSQCLA) uses only ≈ 9% of the spatial resources of the MBQCLA.

scholarly journals A Long-Distance Communication Architecture for Medical Devices Based on LoRaWAN Protocol

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 940
Author(s):  
Nicoleta Cristina Gaitan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Communication Architecture ◽  
Low Energy Consumption ◽  
Distance Communication

Recent market studies show that the market for remote monitoring devices of different medical parameters will grow exponentially. Globally, more than 4 million individuals will be monitored remotely from the perspective of different health parameters by 2023. Of particular importance is the way of remote transmission of the information acquired from the medical sensors. At this time, there are several methods such as Bluetooth, WI-FI, or other wireless communication interfaces. Recently, the communication based on LoRa (Long Range) technology has had an explosive development that allows the transmission of information over long distances with low energy consumption. The implementation of the IoT (Internet of Things) applications using LoRa devices based on open Long Range Wide-Area Network (LoRaWAN) protocol for long distances with low energy consumption can also be used in the medical field. Therefore, in this paper, we proposed and developed a long-distance communication architecture for medical devices based on the LoRaWAN protocol that allows data communications over a distance of more than 10 km.

scholarly journals Quantum repeaters based on concatenated bosonic and discrete-variable quantum codes

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip Rozpędek ◽  
Kyungjoo Noh ◽  
Qian Xu ◽  
Saikat Guha ◽  
Liang Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Quantum Codes ◽  
Discrete Variable ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Concatenated Code ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Optical Modes ◽  
Distance Communication ◽  
Quantum Repeaters ◽  
Quantum Error

AbstractWe propose an architecture of quantum-error-correction-based quantum repeaters that combines techniques used in discrete- and continuous-variable quantum information. Specifically, we propose to encode the transmitted qubits in a concatenated code consisting of two levels. On the first level we use a continuous-variable GKP code encoding the qubit in a single bosonic mode. On the second level we use a small discrete-variable code. Such an architecture has two important features. Firstly, errors on each of the two levels are corrected in repeaters of two different types. This enables for achieving performance needed in practical scenarios with a reduced cost with respect to an architecture for which all repeaters are the same. Secondly, the use of continuous-variable GKP code on the lower level generates additional analog information which enhances the error-correcting capabilities of the second-level code such that long-distance communication becomes possible with encodings consisting of only four or seven optical modes.

CONVERGENCE IMPROVEMENT OF ADAPTIVE LATTICE ALGORITHM WITH FUZZY BASED ADAPTIVE GAIN

1999 ◽  
Vol 09 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 125-132
Author(s):  
GEUN-TAEK RYU ◽  
DAE-SUNG KIM ◽  
DAE-YOUNG LEE ◽  
SUNG-HWAN HAN ◽  
HYEON-DEOK BAE
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Filters ◽  
Communication Channel ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Forward Prediction ◽  
Adaptation Procedure ◽  
Distance Communication ◽  
One Step ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Lattice Algorithm

The choice of the adaptive gain is important to the performance of LMS-based adaptive filters. Depending on application areas, the realization structure of the filters is also important. This letter presents an adaptive lattice algorithm which adjusts the adaptive gain of LMS using fuzzy if-then rules determined by matching input and output variables during adaptation procedure. In each lattice filter stage, this filter adjusts the adaptive gain as the output of the fuzzy logic which has two input variables, normalized squared forward prediction error and one step previous adaptive gain. The proposed algorithm is applied to echo canceling problem of long distance communication channel. The simulation results are compared with NLMS on TDL and lattice structures.

Basic communication sciences

1969 ◽  
Vol 308 (1493) ◽  
pp. 183-198
Keyword(s):  
Long Distance ◽  
Earth Station ◽  
Early Communication ◽  
Technical Developments ◽  
Radiated Power ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Distance Communication ◽  
Quality Of Transmission ◽  
Communication Equipment

The feasibility and utility of long-distance communication via Earth-orbiting satellites has been demonstrated during recent years and it is appropriate therefore to focus attention on the more important scientific studies and technical developments that will be needed if full use is to be made of this valuable mode of communication in the future. The early communication satellites (the Telstar and Relay series) were pioneers in a relatively unknown propagation environment. The satellites themselves were conceptually simple and the communication equipment consisted essentially of a frequency-changing transponder with an r. f. power output of a few watts and a bandwidth some tens of megahertz. Carrier frequencies in the range 2 to 6 GHz were employed; typically either 2 or 6 GHz was used for transmission and 4 GHz for reception at the Earth station. To obtain an adequate signal/noise ratio at the output of the Earth station receiver, frequency modulation was employed, the frequency deviations being greater than those used on terrestrial microwave links. Launcher limitations and other factors meant that the satellites had to be placed in inclined elliptical orbits (see figure 1) with maximum heights of only a few thousand miles. Nevertheless, these satellites demonstrated that some hundreds of frequency-division multiplex telephony circuits, or a television channel, could be achieved with generally satisfactory quality of transmission. It is to be noted, however, that the satellite transponders accommodated only one, or at the most two, r. f. carriers at any time, and that the transmission performance was at times marginal due to limitations of the satellite effective radiated power. Furthermore, these relatively low orbit satellites provided communication in periods of generally less than an hour at a time and required continuous tracking by the Earth station aerials, due to movement of the satellites relative to the Earth.

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