Field Scale Phytoremediation Experiments on a Former U Mining Site and Further Processing of the Plant Material

2013 ◽  
Vol 825 ◽  
pp. 516-519
Author(s):  
Daniel Mirgorodsky ◽  
Delphine Ollivier ◽  
Lukasz Jablonski ◽  
Dirk Merten ◽  
Sabine Willscher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Seepage Water ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Field Scale ◽  
Joint Project

The remediation of large heavy metal/radionuclide (HM/R) contaminated areas by conventional ex-situ techniques (excavation or chemical treatment/-stabilization) is expensive, and low cost strategies with a long-term stabilization effect of such sites are a task of next years research. Phytoremediation can be an alterative solution and sustainable technology since low treatment costs make it feasible even for such sites. Field scale investigation is applied to an area of the former uranium mining in East Thuringia, Germany. On this area, a low grade uranium ore leaching dump was situated, which was later removed during the remediation process of the site. Now, an underground remains that is slightly to moderately contaminated with heavy metals and radionuclides (HM/R) with restrictions of land use. Concepts for remediation of HM/R-contaminated sites and for the subsequent utilization of the HM/R-loaded plant residues are developed in a joint project. Plant experiments with Triticale, Helianthus annuus,Brassica juncea and Sorghumbicolor were performed revealing the influence of biological additives (mycorrhiza, HM-resistant streptomyces) and soil amendment strategies (increasing pH and organic matter) on biomass production and plant tolerance to heavy metals. The addition of mycorrhiza and streptomyces (MS) had a significant effect on biomass, and decreased the bioavailable parts of HM/R (e.g. Ni, Sr, U) in soil in comparison to untreated polluted soil with all studied plants. In lysimeter experiments it was figured out, that the different soil improvement strategies, addition of MS and of calcareous top soil (MIX) resulted in a reduction of the concentration of contaminants in the seepage water, as well as of the seepage water rates and loads, thus decreasing the risk of groundwater contamination. Finally, the processing of the heavy metal loaded plant residues was investigated by different methods. Fermentation experiments carried out with Solanum tuberosum and Secale cereale achieved good results compared with industrial standards. Remaining plant parts can be processed in a biogas process, or combusted. Fermentation sludges and combustion ashes act as sinks for HM/R. As results of the project, phytoremediation is a convenient method for the stabilization and remediation of large sites with slight to medium contaminations, and a further utilization of the plant residues by fermentation and biogas production is feasible.

scholarly journals Combined Influence of Low-Grade Metakaolins and Natural Zeolite on Compressive Strength and Heavy Metal Adsorption of Geopolymers

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 486
Author(s):  
Alcina Johnson Sudagar ◽  
Slávka Andrejkovičová ◽  
Fernando Rocha ◽  
Carla Patinha ◽  
Maria R. Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Natural Zeolite ◽  
Metal Adsorption ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Heavy Metal Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Model ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Adsorption Capacities

Metakaolins (MKs) prepared from low-grade kaolins located in the Alvarães (A) and Barqueiros (B) regions of Portugal were used as the aluminosilicate source to compare their effect on the compressive strength and heavy metal adsorption of geopolymers. Natural zeolite, an inexpensive, efficient adsorbent, was used as an additive in formulations to enhance geopolymers’ adsorption capacities and reduce MK utilization’s environmental footprint. Geopolymers were synthesized with the replacement of MK by zeolite up to 75 wt.% (A25, B25—25% MK 75% zeolite; A50, B50—50% MK 50% zeolite; A75, B75—75% MK 25% zeolite; A100, B100—100% MK). The molar ratios of SiO2/Al2O3 and Na2O/Al2O3 were kept at 1 to reduce the sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide environmental impact. Geopolymers’ crystallography was identified using X-ray diffraction analysis. The surface morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy to understand the effect of zeolite incorporation. Chemical analysis using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy yielded information about the geopolymers’ Si/Al ratio. Compressive strength values of geopolymers obtained after 1, 14, and 28 days of curing indicate high strengths of geopolymers with 100% MK (A100—15.4 MPa; B100—32.46 MPa). Therefore, zeolite did not aid in the improvement of the compressive strength of both MK-based geopolymers. The heavy metal (Cd2+, Cr3+, Cu2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+) adsorption tests exhibit relatively higher adsorption capacities of Barqueiros MK-based geopolymers for all the heavy metals except Cd2+. Moreover, zeolite positively influenced divalent cations’ adsorption on the geopolymers produced from Barqueiros MK as B75 exhibits the highest adsorption capacities, but such an influence is not observed for Alvarães MK-based geopolymers. The general trend of adsorption of the heavy metals of both MK-based geopolymers is Pb2+ > Cd2+ > Cu2+ > Zn2+ > Cr3+ when fitted by the Langmuir isotherm adsorption model. The MK and zeolite characteristics influence geopolymers’ structure, strength, and adsorption capacities.

scholarly journals Investigation of Heavy Metal Effects on the Anaerobic Co-Digestion Process of Waste Activated Sludge and Septic Tank Sludge

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Quang-Minh Nguyen ◽  
Duy-Cam Bui ◽  
Thao Phuong ◽  
Van-Huong Doan ◽  
Thi-Nham Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Septic Tank ◽  
Waste Activated Sludge ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
Cod Removal Efficiency

The effect of copper, zinc, chromium, and lead on the anaerobic co-digestion of waste activated sludge and septic tank sludge in Hanoi was studied in the fermentation tests by investigating the substrate degradation, biogas production, and process stability at the mesophilic fermentation. The tested heavy metals were in a range of concentrations between 19 and 80 ppm. After the anaerobic tests, the TS, VS, and COD removal efficiency was 4.12%, 9.01%, and 23.78% for the Cu(II) added sample. Similarly, the efficiencies of the Zn(II) sample were 1.71%, 13.87%, and 16.1% and Cr(VI) efficiencies were 15.28%, 6.6%, and 18.65%, while the TS, VS, and COD removal efficiency of the Pb(II) added sample was recorded at 16.1%, 17.66%, and 16.03% at the concentration of 80 ppm, respectively. Therefore, the biogas yield also decreased by 36.33%, 31.64%, 31.64%, and 30.60% for Cu(II), Zn(II), Cr(VI), and Pb(II) at the concentration of 80 ppm, compared to the raw sample, respectively. These results indicated that Cu(II) had more inhibiting effect on the anaerobic digestion of the sludge mixture than Zn(II), Cr(VI), and Pb(II). The relative toxicity of these heavy metals to the co-digestion process was as follows: Cu (the most toxic) > Zn > Cr > Pb (the least toxic). The anaerobic co-digestion process was inhibited at high heavy metal concentration, which resulted in decreased removal of organic substances and produced biogas.

scholarly journals Heavy-Metal Phytoremediation from Livestock Wastewater and Exploitation of Exhausted Biomass

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2239
Author(s):  
Monika Hejna ◽  
Elisabetta Onelli ◽  
Alessandra Moscatelli ◽  
Maurizio Bellotto ◽  
Cinzia Cristiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Livestock Wastewater

Sustainable agriculture is aimed at long-term crop and livestock production with a minimal impact on the environment. However, agricultural practices from animal production can contribute to global pollution due to heavy metals from the feed additives that are used to ensure the nutritional requirements and also promote animal health and optimize production. The bioavailability of essential mineral sources is limited; thus, the metals are widely found in the manure. Via the manure, metallic ions can contaminate livestock wastewater, drastically reducing its potential recycling for irrigation. Phytoremediation, which is an efficient and cost-effective cleanup technique, could be implemented to reduce the wastewater pollution from livestock production, in order to maintain the water conservation. Plants use various strategies for the absorption and translocation of heavy metals, and they have been widely used to remediate livestock wastewater. In addition, the pollutants concentrated in the plants can be exhausted and used as heat to enhance plant growth and further concentrate the metals, making recycling a possible option. The biomass of the plants can also be used for biogas production in anaerobic fermentation. Combining phytoremediation and biorefinery processes would add value to both approaches and facilitate metal recovery. This review focuses on the concept of agro-ecology, specifically the excessive use of heavy metals in animal production, the various techniques and adaptations of the heavy-metal phytoremediation from livestock wastewater, and further applications of exhausted phytoremediated biomass.

Field scale phytoremediation experiments on a heavy metal and uranium contaminated site, and further utilization of the plant residues

2013 ◽  
Vol 131-132 ◽  
pp. 46-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Willscher ◽  
D. Mirgorodsky ◽  
L. Jablonski ◽  
D. Ollivier ◽  
D. Merten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Field Scale

scholarly journals Sediment Quality Assesment by Using Geochemical Index at Saguling Reservoir West Java Province Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Eka Wardhani ◽  
Suprihanto Notodarmojo ◽  
Dwina Roosmini
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
West Java

Heavy metal pollution is one of the problems that continue to occur in Indonesia which is very important because it is non-degradable, persistent, and can accumulate in the bodies of living things. Heavy metal in the water is usually present in low concentrations but human activity shall increase. Saguling Reservoir is one of the largest manmade lake in West Java Province which has experienced water contamination. The purpose of this study is to assess the quality of sediments related to the pollution of four heavy metals ie Cd, Cr, Cu, and Pb contained in Saguling Reservoir sediment using CF, MPI, Igeo and PERI methods in the rainy and dry seasons.Sediment samples are taken in twelve points around the reservoir by 2015-2017. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that the sediment quality of Saguling Reservoir has been contaminated by heavy metals Cd, Cr, Cu, and Pb. This is caused by human activity in the water catchment area of the reservoir. Based on the results of the analysis of sediment quality using Igeo and CF the sediment of Saguling Reservoir has been polluted by heavy metals, specifically Cd in the rainy and dry seasons. The result of assessment of sediment quality by MPI method can be concluded that the sediment of Saguling Reservoir as a whole has been contaminated by Cd, Cr, Cu, and Pb. Based on calculations using PERI method, the sediment quality of Saguling Reservoir has contaminated Cd with serious ecological risk category during rainy and dry season, contaminated with Cr and Pb with low grade ecologogical risk category during rainy and dry season, has been contaminated with Cu with low grade ecological risk in the rainy season and moderate ecological risk in the dry season. Based on the results of this study that the Cd must be cautioned carefully, because of the highest concentration in the rainy and dry season than three other heavy metals.

Field Scale Phytoremediation of Soils Contaminated with Heavy Metals and Radionuclides and Further Utilization of the Plant Residues

2011 ◽  
pp. 433-442
Author(s):  
Daniel Mirgorodsky ◽  
Lukasz Jablonski ◽  
Delphine Ollivier ◽  
Juliane Wittig ◽  
Sabine Willscher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Field Scale

scholarly journals Chemical precipitation of heavy metals from wastewater by using the synthetical magnesium hydroxy carbonate

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 1130-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Xiumei Duan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Metallurgical Industry ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Heavy Metal Wastewater ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Hydroxy Carbonate

Abstract Heavy metal pollution has become one of the most serious environmental problems today. The preparation of magnesium hydroxy carbonate from low-grade magnesite, and the chemical precipitation of heavy metal wastewater with magnesium hydroxy carbonate as precipitating agent were undertaken. The removal efficiencies of heavy metals were improved by increasing the dose of magnesium hydroxy carbonate, and the applicable dose of magnesium hydroxy carbonate was 0.30 g for 50 mL of the wastewater (6,000 mg/L). The precipitation reactions proceeded thoroughly within 20 min. At this time, the removal efficiencies of heavy metals were above 99.9%. The final pH value was 7.1, the residual VO2+, Cr3+ and Fe3+ concentrations were 0.01, 0.05 and 1.12 mg/L, respectively, which conformed to the limit of discharge set by China (0.5–2.0 mg/L, GB 8978–1996). The precipitate was mainly composed of Fe2O3, V2O5 and Cr2O3, which can be recycled as secondary raw material for metallurgical industry. The treatment of the heavy metal wastewater with magnesium hydroxy carbonate was successful in decreasing the concentrations of VO2+, Cr3+ and Fe3+ in wastewater.

scholarly journals Advances in Heavy Metal Bioremediation: An Overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ali Sayqal ◽  
Omar B. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal Remediation ◽  
Land Farming ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Metal Bioremediation

The pollution of toxic heavy metals is considered one of the most important environmental issues which has accelerated dramatically due to changing industrial activities. This review focuses on the most common methods, strategies, and biological approaches of heavy metal bioremediation. Also, it provides a general overview of the role of microorganisms in the bioremediation of heavy metals in polluted environments. Advanced methods of heavy metal remediation include physicochemical and biological methods; the latter can be further classified into in situ and ex situ bioremediation. The in situ process includes bioventing, biosparging, biostimulation, bioaugmentation, and phytoremediation. Ex situ bioremediation includes land farming, composting, biopiles, and bioreactors. Bioremediation uses naturally occurring microorganisms such as Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas, Rhodococcus, Alcaligenes, and Mycobacterium. Generally, bioremediation is of very less effort, less labor intensive, cheap, ecofriendly, sustainable, and relatively easy to implement. Most of the disadvantages of bioremediation relate to the slowness and time-consumption; furthermore, the products of biodegradation sometimes become more toxic than the original compound. The performance evaluation of bioremediation might be difficult as it has no acceptable endpoint. There is a need for further studies to develop bioremediation technologies in order to find more biological solutions for bioremediation of heavy metal contamination from different environmental systems.

scholarly journals Adaptation of natural yeast strains to heavy metal and radionuclides salts

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-73
Author(s):  
V. P. Stepanova ◽  
A. V. Suslov ◽  
I. N. Suslova ◽  
E. A. Sukhanova ◽  
B. F. Yarovoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Radioactive Isotopes ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Mechanisms Of Resistance ◽  
Industry Waste ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
High Concentrations

Ability of natural yeast strains to grow in conditions of high concentrations of heavy metal and radionuclides salts was studied. More than 500 strains were tested for resistance to salts of heavy metals (U, Cs, Sr, Ni, Ar, Cu, Cd, and Co) and to elevated temperature (t) (+37…+52 °C). Most of the strains tested were resistant to one or more selective factors. Combinations of (t, Cd, Cu, Co) and (Cd, Cu, Co) occurred with the highest frequencies: 36 and 26 %, respectively. Ability of isolated strains to grow in the presence of high concentrations of radioactive isotopes Cs and Ni and to bind them with high efficiency was established. The results showed the possibility of potential using of libraries of natural microorganisms for disposal of both radionuclides and heavy metals, which are the main pollutants of natural and anthropogenic objects, as well as the possibility of using of isolated and tested strains of microorganisms for concentrating metals from low-grade ores or mining industry waste. Phenotypes diversity revealed indicates probable existence of several mechanisms of resistance to high heavy metals concentrations.

Resoluteness of biogas potential of Cr, Pb & Cd accumulated green algae Spirogyra sp. and Oscillatoria sp.

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
pp. 5224
Author(s):  
Nayana Hasmukhbhai Brahmbhatt* ◽  
R. T. Jasrai ◽  
Rinku V. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Algal Biomass ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Maximum Value

Water pollution due to heavy metals are spreading world-wide along with industrial progress. In this research work cultivation of Spirogyra sp. & Oscillatoria sp. were done and wastewater treatment of heavy metal such as Cr, Cd & Pb was accumulated by algae. After treatment of algae Spirogyra sp. & Oscillatoria sp. were decomposed and to prepare compost. The production of biogas from algal biomass becomes economically feasible and cheaper. This present study revealed that the nutrient content of natural compost was recorded about C- 38.5%, N- 3.31%, P- 1.02%, & K- 3.42%, heavy metal content of Cd- BDL, Pb- 0.21ml/mg & Cr- 0.01ml/mg and biogas value 19.19 l/kg. The maximum value of biogas was recorded at 30 ppm concentration (27.95 l/kg) of algal compost as compare to natural compost (19.19 l/kg) in Spirogyra sp. The experimental study concluded that the selected algae showed better biogas production as compared to natural. Whereas out of selected two algae, Spirogyra sp. gave better outcome as compare to Oscillatoria sp. Thus, Study suggested that algal biomass constitute a promising, efficient, cheap, decayed material for making compost and biogas production.

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