An Experimental Study on Anti-Corrosion Coating of Ground Oil and Gas Equipment

2013 ◽  
Vol 850-851 ◽  
pp. 204-207
Author(s):  
Hao Yang ◽  
Wan Peng Geng ◽  
Jian Hu
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Accelerated Weathering ◽  
Neutral Salt ◽  
Permeability Test ◽  
Polyurethane Coating ◽  
Seepage Rate ◽  
Acrylic Polyurethane

This common ground for today's oil and gas equipment corrosion paint, accelerated through the neutral salt spray corrosion test, Indoor UV / Condensation accelerated weathering test, Water permeability test and Resistance to chloride ion permeability test on the ground pipelines and oil and gas equipment commonly used Preservative fluorocarbon paint, silicone and acrylic polyurethane coating research laboratory tests carried out by these kinds of High-performance anti-corrosion paint used for comparison, the three coatings have good weather resistance, Fluorocarbon coating seepage rate lower than the other two coatings, anti-UV aging better than the other two coating, Fluorocarbon coating chloride ion penetration lower than the acrylic polyurethane coating.

Research on the Anti- Corrosion Performance of Two Hot-Dip Coatings

2012 ◽  
Vol 598 ◽  
pp. 520-523
Author(s):  
Zhi Min Cao ◽  
Guo Xin Li ◽  
Hui Lian ◽  
Da Wei Hu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Element Composition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Neutral Salt ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Corrosion Performance ◽  
Productive Process ◽  
Scanning Electron

Samples covered two kinds of hot-dip coatings were purchased and placed in neutral salt spray to study the anti-corrosion performance. The results showed that one sample was eroded more seriously than the other. The reasons were analyzed through surface morphology and the reaction products of the hot-dip coatings by scanning electron microscope and element composition. The results showed that might be the fractures developed of the corroded sample during the productive process that made O2 and solution contact with the substrate.

scholarly journals Taking Advantage of Phosphate Functionalized Waterborne Acrylic Binders to Get Rid of Inhibitors in Direct-to-Metal Paints

Polymers ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 316
Author(s):  
Stefano Chimenti ◽  
Marco Cerra ◽  
Tito Zanetta ◽  
Jose Ramon Leiza ◽  
María Paulis
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Inhibitors ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
The Other ◽  
Accelerated Weathering ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
Acrylate Copolymer ◽  
Water Sensitivity ◽  
Humidity Resistance ◽  
The Difference

In this paper, two phosphate functionalized acrylic binders are formulated to yield direct-to-metal paints without using corrosion inhibitors. The difference between both binders is the addition of polystearylacrylate crystalline nanodomains in one of them, and an amorphous methyl methacylate-co-butyl acrylate copolymer in the other. The water sensitivity, mechanical stability, adhesion, and the performance of the paints against corrosion (high humidity resistance, accelerated weathering, and salt-spray tests) are assessed and compared with a DTM paint formulated from a commercial binder. The performance of both phosphate functionalized paints formulated without corrosion inhibitors in high humidity and weathering tests is superior to the commercial DTM paint formulated without corrosion inhibitors and similar to the DTM paint formulated with them. Furthermore, the paint based on the amorphous copolymer binder provides significantly good performance in the salt spray test (even superior to that of the DTM paint formulated with corrosion inhibitors).

Global Economic Crisis of 2008-2009: Sources and Roots

2009 ◽  
pp. 18-31
Author(s):  
G. Rapoport ◽  
A. Guerts
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Trade Deficit ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
Production Output ◽  
The One ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Partial Destruction

In the article the global crisis of 2008-2009 is considered as superposition of a few regional crises that occurred simultaneously but for different reasons. However, they have something in common: developed countries tend to maintain a strong level of social security without increasing the real production output. On the one hand, this policy has resulted in trade deficit and partial destruction of market mechanisms. On the other hand, it has clashed with the desire of several oil and gas exporting countries to receive an exclusive price for their energy resources.

scholarly journals Design and Multidimensional Screening of Flash-PEO Coatings for Mg in Comparison to Commercial Chromium(VI) Conversion Coating

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
Ewa Wierzbicka ◽  
Marta Mohedano ◽  
Endzhe Matykina ◽  
Raul Arrabal
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Protection ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Conversion Coating ◽  
Neutral Salt ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Alkaline Electrolytes ◽  
Az31b Alloy ◽  
Plasma Electrolytic

REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals) regulations demand for an expedient discovery of a Cr(VI)-free alternative corrosion protection for light alloys even though the green alternatives might never be as cheap as current harmful technologies. In the present work, flash- plasma electrolytic oxidation coatings (FPEO) with the process duration < 90 s are developed on AZ31B alloy in varied mixtures of silicate-, phosphate-, aluminate-, and fluoride-based alkaline electrolytes implementing current density and voltage limits. The overall evaluation of the coatings’ anticorrosion performance (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), neutral salt spray test (NSST), paintability) shows that from nine optimized FPEO recipes, two (based on phosphate, fluoride, and aluminate or silicate mixtures) are found to be an adequate substitute for commercially used Cr(VI)-based conversion coating (CCC). The FPEO coatings with the best corrosion resistance consume a very low amount of energy (~1 kW h m−2 µm−1). It is also found that the lower the energy consumption of the FPEO process, the better the corrosion resistance of the resultant coating. The superb corrosion protection and a solid environmentally friendly outlook of PEO-based corrosion protection technology may facilitate the economic justification for industrial end-users of the current-consuming process as a replacement of the electroless CCC process.

scholarly journals Application of Commercial Surface Pretreatments on the Formation of Cerium Conversion Coating (CeCC) over High-Strength Aluminum Alloys 2024-T3 and 7075-T6

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 930
Author(s):  
Juan Jesús Alba-Galvín ◽  
Leandro González-Rovira ◽  
Francisco Javier Botana ◽  
Maria Lekka ◽  
Francesco Andreatta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Aluminum Matrix ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Chemical Conversion ◽  
Conversion Coating ◽  
Neutral Salt ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Surface Pretreatment

The selection of appropriate surface pretreatments is one of the pending issues for the industrial application of cerium-based chemical conversion coatings (CeCC) as an alternative for toxic chromate conversion coating (CrCC). A two-step surface pretreatment based on commercial products has been successfully used here to obtain CeCC on AA2024-T3 and AA7075-T6. Specimens processed for 1 to 15 min in solutions containing CeCl3 and H2O2 have been studied by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX), glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GDOES), potentiodynamic linear polarization (LP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and neutral salt spray (NSS) tests. SEM-EDX showed that CeCC was firstly observed as deposits, followed by a general coverage of the surface with the formation of cracks where the coating was getting thicker. GDOES confirmed an increase of the CeCC thickness as the deposition proceed, the formation of CeCC over 7075 being faster than over 2024. There was a Ce-rich layer in both alloys and an aluminum oxide/hydroxide layer on 7075 between the upper Ce-rich layer and the aluminum matrix. According to LP and EIS, CeCC in all samples offered cathodic protection and comparable degradation in chloride-containing media. Finally, the NSS test corroborated the anti-corrosion properties of the CeCC obtained after the commercial pretreatments employed.

scholarly journals A Novel Approach to Oil Layer Recognition Model Using Whale Optimization Algorithm and Semi-Supervised SVM

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 757
Author(s):  
Yongke Pan ◽  
Kewen Xia ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Ziping He
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The Other ◽  
Whale Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Recognition Model ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Whale Optimization ◽  
Oil And Gas Reservoir

The dataset distribution of actual logging is asymmetric, as most logging data are unlabeled. With the traditional classification model, it is hard to predict the oil and gas reservoir accurately. Therefore, a novel approach to the oil layer recognition model using the improved whale swarm algorithm (WOA) and semi-supervised support vector machine (S3VM) is proposed in this paper. At first, in order to overcome the shortcomings of the Whale Optimization Algorithm applied in the parameter-optimization of the S3VM model, such as falling into a local optimization and low convergence precision, an improved WOA was proposed according to the adaptive cloud strategy and the catfish effect. Then, the improved WOA was used to optimize the kernel parameters of S3VM for oil layer recognition. In this paper, the improved WOA is used to test 15 benchmark functions of CEC2005 compared with five other algorithms. The IWOA–S3VM model is used to classify the five kinds of UCI datasets compared with the other two algorithms. Finally, the IWOA–S3VM model is used for oil layer recognition. The result shows that (1) the improved WOA has better convergence speed and optimization ability than the other five algorithms, and (2) the IWOA–S3VM model has better recognition precision when the dataset contains a labeled and unlabeled dataset in oil layer recognition.

scholarly journals New Glycerol Upgrading Processes

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Miguel Ladero
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The Other ◽  
Energy Policies ◽  
Gas Recovery ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Eu

Energy policies in the US and in the EU during the last decades have been focused on enhanced oil and gas recovery, including the so-called tertiary extraction or enhanced oil recovery (EOR), on one hand, and the development and implementation of renewable energy vectors, on the other, including biofuels as bioethanol (mainly in US and Brazil) and biodiesel (mainly in the EU) [...]

scholarly journals The Influence of Surface Preparation of the Steel during the Renovation of the Car Body on Its Corrosion Resistance

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 384
Author(s):  
Dariusz Ulbrich ◽  
Jakub Kowalczyk ◽  
Arkadiusz Stachowiak ◽  
Wojciech Sawczuk ◽  
Jaroslaw Selech
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Glass Bead ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Zinc Coating ◽  
Surface Preparation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Average Thickness ◽  
Spray Chamber ◽  
Car Body ◽  
Abrasive Blasting

The article presents the influence of the applied method used for removing the varnish coat on the corrosion resistance of the car body sheet. The tests were carried out on samples prepared from factory-painted car body elements with pearlescent, metallized and acrylic varnish. Removal of the varnish coat was performed by sandpaper grinding, glass bead blasting, disc blaze rapid stripping, soda blasting and abrasive blasting with plastic granules. The average thickness of the factory-painted coating depending on the type of lacquer ranged from about 99 to 140 µm. On the other hand, after removing the varnish, the thickness of the protective zinc coating ranged from 2 to 12.7 µm. The highest values of the zinc coating were obtained for samples in which the varnish was removed by the method such as soda blasting and abrasive blasting with plastic granules. For these two methods of surface preparation, the damage to the zinc layer protecting the steel against corrosion is the smallest and the percentage of zinc in the surface layer ranges from 58% to 78%. The final stage of the research was to test the samples after removing the varnish coat in a two-hour exposure to the corrosive environment in a salt spray chamber. Samples with the surface prepared by grinding with sandpaper reached the level of surface rusting Ri 5, while in the case of soda blasting and the use of plastic granules, no corrosion centers were observed on the surface of the car body sheet.

Retrospective Analysis of Geological Exploration 2010 - 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Mostovoy ◽  
Ildar Safarov ◽  
Evgeniy Tumanov ◽  
Maria Zaytseva ◽  
Maksim Aksenov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The Other ◽  
Geological Exploration ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Success Stories ◽  
Future Production ◽  
Geological Complexity ◽  
Oil And Gas Companies ◽  
Exploration Activity

Abstract Oil and gas companies’ future production profile is shaped by their exploration strategy and resource base development. Gazprom Neft's production profile will include 40% of current exploration projects by 2030. Geological exploration, on the other hand, is a high-risk business because it involves a lot of uncertainty due to the geological complexity of the targets being explored, as well as a lot of risky capital. Taking these factors into account, the Company will need to expand its exploration function as well as its approaches to managing exploration projects in order to meet its lofty aims. To determine the key areas of growth and a strategy for the exploration function development in the coming years, it was decided to first analyze the geological exploration activity in the Company in 2010 – 2020 period. The knowledge of achievements, success stories, and development areas is the fulcrum for future victories. Therefore, retrospective analysis is an important tool for the development of any system of activity - individual, organization, or state.

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