Importance of Envelope Construction Renewal in Panel Apartment Buildings in Terms of Basic Thermal Properties

2013 ◽  
Vol 855 ◽  
pp. 97-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Vavrovič
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Moisture Regime ◽  
Original State ◽  
Apartment Buildings ◽  
Double Skin ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Flat Roofs

Envelope constructions of panel apartment buildings in Slovakia are made up of one or more layers of external panels. They typically have one or double-skin flat roofs. Nowadays, almost all envelope constructions, that yet have not been insulated and renovated, show to have insufficient thermoisolation performances. Especially roofs seems to have unsatisfactory moisture regime facilities. The article describes fundamental thermal technical characteristics of envelope constructions (external walls and flat roofs) in panel appartment buildings in their original state and after renewal in the form of additional thermal insulation.

scholarly journals Model of fire spread out on outer building surface

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-144
Author(s):  
A. Kolbrecki
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Composite System ◽  
Fire Spread ◽  
Structural Barriers ◽  
Compartment Fires ◽  
Adjacent Buildings ◽  
Double Skin ◽  
Glazed Facade ◽  
Side Walls

Abstract The spread of fire through the façades is one of the quickest routes of spreading flames in buildings. There are three situations that can lead to the spread of fire though the façades: a) Fire from outside through hot coals, initialized/set either by a fire in a nearby building or a wooden area in flames, b) Fire started/set by an element that burns in the front of the façade (garbage container, furniture, etc.), c) Fire originated in a compartment of the building, which spreads outwards through the windows. In this paper, I focus only at the last case, which is considered to be the most dangerous and statistically the most frequently occurring. Fire spread of some type of façades were discussed: • Glazed façade, • Double-skin façade, • Façade with structural barriers, • Façade with side walls at the opening, • Façades covered by ETICS (External Thermal Insulation Composite System). Also information of influence of radiation from compartment fires to adjacent buildings was added.

scholarly journals Determination of Optimum Envelope of Religious Buildings in Terms of Thermal Comfort and Energy Consumption: Mosque Cases

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 6597
Author(s):  
Ahmet Bircan Atmaca ◽  
Gülay Zorer Gedik ◽  
Andreas Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Gain Factor ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Savings Rate

Mosques are quite different from other building types in terms of occupant type and usage schedule. For this reason, they should be evaluated differently from other building types in terms of thermal comfort and energy consumption. It is difficult and probably not even necessary to create homogeneous thermal comfort in mosques’ entire usage area, which has large volumes and various areas for different activities. Nevertheless, energy consumption should be at a minimum level. In order to ensure that mosques are minimally affected by outdoor climatic changes, the improvement of the properties of the building envelope should have the highest priority. These optimal properties of the building envelope have to be in line with thermal comfort in mosques. The proposed method will be a guide for designers and occupants in the design process of new mosques or the use of existing mosques. The effect of the thermal properties of the building envelope on energy consumption was investigated to ensure optimum energy consumption together with an acceptable thermal comfort level. For this purpose, a parametric simulation study of the mosques was conducted by varying optical and thermal properties of the building envelope for a temperature humid climate zone. The simulation results were analyzed and evaluated according to current standards, and an appropriate envelope was determined. The results show that thermal insulation improvements in the roof dome of buildings with a large volume contributed more to energy savings than in walls and foundations. The use of double or triple glazing in transparent areas is an issue that should be considered together with the solar energy gain factor. Additionally, an increasing thickness of thermal insulation in the building envelope contributed positively to energy savings. However, the energy savings rate decreased after a certain thickness. The proposed building envelope achieved a 33% energy savings compared to the base scenario.

scholarly journals Possibilities of Use Recycled Materials in Construction Details

2019 ◽  
Vol 279 ◽  
pp. 02011
Author(s):  
Radim Smolka ◽  
Jindřich Sobotka
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Recycled Materials ◽  
Roof Structure ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Weather Resistance ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Flat Roofs ◽  
Secondary Materials

This paper aims to explain the use of secondary materials in design details. Primarily, attention is paid to flat roofs, for which there is currently a wide range of technologies needed for user-friendly operation of a building. Recycled materials are still often looked down on and, therefore, it is important to show that even these elements may work very well in constructions. They must meet strict criteria for static and thermal properties. Furthermore, they must comply with fire and weather resistance requirements. They also have acoustic, secondary and aesthetic function. The roof structure is one of the basic segments that characterize the final properties of the building. Any malfunctions will lead to increased economic costs and degradation of users’ environment.

scholarly journals Thermal Behavior of Worsted Fabrics Produced from Different Yarn Spinning Systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 155892501300800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Mirdehghan ◽  
Siamak Saharkhiz ◽  
Hooshang Nosraty
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Spun Yarn ◽  
Finishing Process ◽  
Yarn Structure ◽  
Fabric Structures ◽  
The Impact

This paper describes an experimental study of the impact of yarn structure on the thermal properties of worsted fabric. In this study, four different spun yarn structures (Solo, Siro, and single ply and two ply Ring) were woven into four fabric structures (Plain, Twill2/1, Twill2/2 and Basket2/2) and their thermal properties were studied. In addition, the thermal behavior of finished and unfinished samples was also evaluated. Results showed that the finishing process causes an increase in thermal conductivity and warmth to weight factor and a decrease in thermal insulation. Different spinning systems, also affect the thermal properties of the worsted fabrics. Samples with Siro yarns in the weft were found to have the highest thermal conductivity and those made from single ply weft yarn the lowest thermal conductivity. A relation between fabric thermal insulation and air permeability and thickness was also found.

Influence of Exact Values of Increase of Thermal Transmittance because of Thermal Bridges on Energy Need for Heating of Panel Residential Houses in Original State and after Renewal

2013 ◽  
Vol 855 ◽  
pp. 108-111
Author(s):  
Rastislav Menďan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Housing Development ◽  
Mass Housing ◽  
Original State ◽  
Thermal Transmittance ◽  
Thermal Bridges

The paper presents calculated values of increase of thermal transmittance because of thermal bridges (ΔU value) of panel residential houses of mass housing development. These values are compared with general values, which are given in the standard STN 73 0540-2 and afterwards a specific energy need for heating considering exact ΔU values but also general ΔU values was calculated as well. The residential houses were evaluated in original state and in state after the renewal by adding thermal insulation on walls, roof and after replacement of windows.

Utilization of Non-Traditional Fibers for Light Weight Concrete Production

2018 ◽  
Vol 760 ◽  
pp. 231-236
Author(s):  
Jiri Zach ◽  
Martin Sedlmajer ◽  
Jan Bubenik ◽  
Vitezslav Novak
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Foam Glass ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Flat Roofs ◽  
Rapid Drop

Along with energy savings for heating and cooling, the demand for thermal insulation materials is increasing and is an attempt to achieve good thermal insulation properties for some of the construction materials. In the field of porous and lightweight concrete, this is e.g. concrete for foundations, concrete for floor constructions or flat roofs. The problem with these concrete is a relatively rapid drop in mechanical properties in reducing bulk density, with using conventional silicate binders, especially in the area below 1000 kg/m3. The paper describes the possibility of using recycled organic fibers in combination with lightweight aggregates based on foam glass for the production of porous and lightweight concrete with a good ratio of mechanical and thermal insulation properties.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of the Thermal Insulation of Multi-Layer Thermal Inserts in a Protective Jacket

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2672
Author(s):  
Dubravko Rogale ◽  
Goran Majstorović ◽  
Snježana Firšt Rogale
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Professional Services ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
Thermal Manikin ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Measurement Results

This paper presents the measurement results of the thermal insulation of the outer shell, thermal inserts, and clothing systems, as well as a comparative analysis of the thermal insulation of multi-layer thermal inserts in a thermal jacket intended for professional services in cold weather. Detachable thermal inserts are made of double-faced, diamond-shaped quilted lining with different masses per unit area, and together with the jacket, they form clothing systems with different thermal properties. Tests of the thermal properties of clothing were performed on a thermal manikin. They showed that an increase in the mass of thermal insulation textile materials contributes to an increase in the thermal insulation properties of clothing and are insufficient for a complete analysis of the thermal properties of clothing. Therefore, for the first time, three new parameters of integration efficiency of the thermal insert, thermal insulation efficiency parameters, and efficiency parameters of the integration of the textile material integrated into the clothing system were introduced. Based on these parameters, it is possible to perform an effective and accurate comparative analysis of the thermal insulation of multi-layer thermal inserts in clothing. This makes it possible to apply exact scientific methods largely in the technical design of the thermal properties of integrated textile materials, instead of experience-based methods as in the past.

Selected Problems of Renovated Apartment Buildings Entrances in Slovakia

2013 ◽  
Vol 649 ◽  
pp. 117-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarína Minarovičová ◽  
Dušan Dlhý
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Apartment Buildings ◽  
Plumbing Systems ◽  
Building Environment

During the last decades, only a little attention has been given to the design and renovation of the entrances to residential buildings. Given underestimation of the problem in the design has resulted in a negative impact on both indoor building environment and aesthetics of the building. Recently, together with the renovation of external walls claddings (by application of additional thermal insulation and replacements of windows and doors) and upgrading and modernizing the installations services such as heating and plumbing systems, also the entrance construction components finds their place in the renovation process. This article analyses the problems connected with renovation of building entrances and summarizes information about the current efforts in engineering and architectural praxis.

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