Correlation Relationships between Properties of Brick Body and their Use in Building Practice

2014 ◽  
Vol 899 ◽  
pp. 393-398
Author(s):  
Mikuláš Šveda ◽  
Radomír Sokolař
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Correlation Function ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Pore Structure ◽  
Hydraulic Press ◽  
Exit Speed ◽  
Building Practice

The regular exit check of the brick products is an important step as to meet the quality in brickworks. These products are characterized by pore and lightweight brick body, therefore, their physical properties depend primarily on the specific characteristics their pore structure. We can determine on the basis of one well-known property and the correlation relationships other characteristics of the brick body, since there is an assumption that these properties between themselves "connected". Authors propose to use this knowledge in the exit speed check directly at the factory. In this case could be monitored only one property and one that can be quickly and reliably determined, such as thermal conductivity of using an apparatus Isomet. It is then possible to set for the existence of a correlation function between thermal conductivity and compressive strength of brick body at regular intervals compressive strength without using a hydraulic press.

The influence of the addition of ground olive stone on the thermo-mechanical behavior of compressed earth blocks

2020 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Samia Djadouf ◽  
Nasser Chelouah ◽  
Abdelkader Tahakourt
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Hydraulic Press ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Olive Stone ◽  
Compressed Earth Blocks ◽  
Clay Matrix ◽  
Earth Blocks

Sustainable development and environmental challenges incite to valorize local materials such as agricultural waste. In this context, a new ecological compressed earth blocks (CEBS) with addition of ground olive stone (GOS) was proposed. The GOS is added as partial clay replacement in different proportions. The main objective of this paper is to study the effect of GOS levels on the thermal properties and mechanical behavior of CEB. We proceeded to determining the optimal water content and equivalent wet density by compaction using a hydraulic press, at a pressure of 10 MPa. The maximum compressive strength is reached at 15% of the GOS. This percentage increases the mechanical properties by 19.66%, and decreases the thermal conductivity by 37.63%. These results are due to the optimal water responsible for the consolidation and compactness of the clay matrix. The substitution up to 30% of GOS shows a decrease of compressive strength and thermal conductivity by about 38.38% and 50.64% respectively. The decrease in dry density and thermal conductivity is related to the content of GOS, which is composed of organic and porous fibers. The GOS seems promising for improving the thermo-mechanical characteristics of CEB and which can also be used as reinforcement in CEBS.

Physical Properties of Building Blocks from Hemp Shives Aggregate and Cementitious Binder, Manufactured in the Expanded Clay (Vibro Pressing) Production Line

2017 ◽  
Vol 908 ◽  
pp. 118-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giedrius Balčiūnas ◽  
Viktor Kizinievič ◽  
Justinas Gargasas
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Production Line ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Cementitious Binder ◽  
Pressing Technology

Scientific literature mostly aims at investigation of composites with fibre hemp shives (FHS) aggregate and lime binder, although, such materials are characterised by pretty low mechanical properties. In order to obtain higher mechanical properties of a composite, it is appropriate to use cementitious binder. This work investigates physical properties of blocks from hemp shives aggregate and cementitious binder, manufactured in the expanded clay production line using vibro pressing technology. Following properties of the blocks are determined: freeze-thaw resistance, compressive strength, thermal conductivity and density. Thermal resistance according to EN ISO 6946 for the block with cavities is calculated as well. It is found that compressive strength of FHS-cement blocks may be up to 3.18 MPa when the density is of ~850 kg/m3 and thermal conductivity up to 0.135 W/(m∙K). It is found as well that the decrease of compressive strength is 8.7% after 25 freeze-thaw cycles.

Influence of Palm Oil Fibers Length Variation on Mechanical Properties of Reinforced Crude Bricks

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazhar Hussain ◽  
Daniel Levacher ◽  
Nathalie Leblanc ◽  
Hafida Zmamou ◽  
Irini Djeran Maigre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Indirect Tensile

Crude bricks are composite materials manufactured with sediments and natural fibers. Natural fibers are waste materials and used in construction materials for reinforcement. Their reuse in manufacturing reinforced crude bricks is eco-friendly and improves mechanical and thermal characteristics of crude bricks. Factors such as type of fibers, percentage of fibers, length of fibers and distribution of fibers inside the bricks have significant effect on mechanical, physical and thermal properties of biobased composite materials. It can be observed by tests such as indirect tensile strength, compressive strength for mechanical characteristics, density, shrinkage, color for physical properties, thermal conductivity and resistivity for thermal properties, and inundation test for durability of crude bricks. In this study, mechanical and physical characteristics of crude bricks reinforced with palm oil fibers are investigated and effect of change in percentage and length of fibers is observed. Crude bricks of size 4*4*16 cm3 are manufactured with dredged sediments from Usumacinta River, Mexico and reinforced with palm oil fibers at laboratory scale. For this purpose, sediments and palm oil fibers characteristics were studied. Length of fibers used is 2cm and 3cm. Bricks manufacturing steps such as sediments fibers mixing, moulding, compaction and drying are elaborated. Dynamic compaction is opted for compaction of crude bricks due to energy control. Indirect tensile strength and compressive strength tests are conducted to identify the mechanical characteristics of crude bricks. Physical properties of bricks are studied through density and shrinkage. Durability of crude bricks is observed with inundation test. Thermal properties are studied with thermal conductivity and resistivity test. Distribution and orientation of fibers and fibers counting are done to observe the homogeneity of fibers inside the crude bricks. Finally, comparison between the mechanical characteristics of crude bricks manufactured with 2cm and 3cm length with control specimen was made.

Effect of Admixtures on the Thermo-Physical Properties of Non Autoclaved Light Weight Block Using Marble Dust

2019 ◽  
Vol 801 ◽  
pp. 365-370
Author(s):  
Vivek Sood ◽  
S.K. Negi ◽  
B.M. Suman
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Inert Filler ◽  
Standard Code ◽  
Super Plasticizer ◽  
Marble Dust ◽  
Thermo Physical Properties

In the present study, use of marble dust an inert filler produced by the marble cutting industries in the development of light weight block (LWB) of density 800 kg/m3 by non-auto clave method has been studied. Various mechanical and thermo-physical properties have been evaluated. It has been possible to replace cement by up to 20% when no additive is used. With the use of activator and super plasticizer at 50% replacement of cement by marble dust, compressive strength and water absorption are well within the Indian standard code 2185. With the use of accelerator and super plasticizer it is possible to reduce the de moulding time from 48 hrs to 6 hrs. Thermal conductivity of blocks varies from 1.16 to 2.30 [W/mK]. The variation in thermal conductivity depends upon its density which varies from 800 kg/m3 to 2400 kg/m3.

scholarly journals Effect of Pore Structure on Thermal Conductivity and Mechanical Properties of Autoclaved Aerated Concrete

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 339
Author(s):  
Gonglian Chen ◽  
Fenglan Li ◽  
Pengfei Jing ◽  
Jingya Geng ◽  
Zhengkai Si
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Pore Structure ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Foam Stabilizer ◽  
Base Materials ◽  
Aerated Concrete

With the premise of investigating mechanical properties, the thermal conductivity of autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) is a key index of self-insulation block walls for building energy conservation. This study focused on the effect of pore structures on the mechanical performance and thermal conductivity of AAC with the comparison of AAC base materials. Different kinds of AAC and their base materials were prepared and experimentally investigated. While maintaining a consistent mix proportion of the AAC base material, the pore structure of AAC was changed by the dosage of aluminum power/paste, foam stabilizer, and varying the stirring time of aluminum paste. The steam curing systems of AAC and the base material were determined based on SEM (Scanning Electronic Microscopy) and XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) tests. With almost the same apparent density, the pore size decreased with the increasing content of foam stabilizer, and the mixing time of aluminum paste and foam stabilizer has a great influence on pore size. The thermal conductivity test and compressive test results indicated that that pore size had an effect on the thermal conductivity, but it had little effect on the compressive strength, and the thermal conductivity of sand aeration AAC was 8.3% higher than that of fly ash aeration AAC; the compressive strength was 10.4% higher, too. With almost the same apparent density, the regression mathematical model indicates that the thermal conductivity of AAC increased gradually with the increase of pore size, but it had little effect on the compressive strength. From the test results of basic mechanical properties, the mechanical model of cubic compressive strength, elastic modulus, axial compressive strength, and splitting tensile strength was obtained. The proposed stress–strain relationship model could well describe the relationship of AAC and the base material at the rising section of the curve.

Correlation between pore structure, compressive strength and thermal conductivity of porous metakaolin geopolymer

2020 ◽  
Vol 247 ◽  
pp. 118641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Ain Jaya ◽  
Liew Yun-Ming ◽  
Heah Cheng-Yong ◽  
Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah ◽  
Kamarudin Hussin
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Pore Structure ◽  
Metakaolin Geopolymer

Investigating mechanical and thermo-physical properties of binder jet 3D printed elements using a statistical experiment approach

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharath Seshadri ◽  
Kaushik Selva Dhanush Ravi ◽  
Illias Hischier ◽  
Arno Schlueter
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Statistical Experiment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Thermo Physical Properties

Purpose With a growing list of available materials and processes, the inherent mechanical and thermophysical properties of three-dimensional (3D) prints are important design targets. This paper aims to study the functionality of binder jet 3D printed objects for thermally activated building construction elements and recyclable formwork for concrete structures. Design/methodology/approach Binder jet printed sand samples with various material and post-processing parameters (infiltration and baking) are prepared and studied. Using a statistical experiment design, the mechanical (flexural and compressive strength) and thermal (conductivity and specific capacity) characteristics are quantified. Findings Relative to the unprocessed “green” print samples, post-processing improved the flexural and compressive strength of the samples by factors of 6.9 and 21.6, respectively; the thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity were improved by factors of 7.7 and 1.2, respectively. For the investigated temperature range (20°C–200°C), the “green” prints showed excellent stability while the stability of post-processed samples depended on the infiltrate used. Microscopic images of the microstructures offered evidence to support improvement in the mechanical and thermo-physical characteristics of the 3D printed sand elements. Research limitations/implications The literature review concluded that optimal printing parameters and infiltration under vacuum could further improve the mechanical and thermo-physical properties of the binder jet printed elements. However, both these factors were not explored in this research. The statistical experimental design approach provided more flexibility to choose the number of experiments for a fixed amount of time and resources. However, for future work, a more extensive number of experiments and reproducibility testing for each combination of binder-infiltrate is recommended. Practical implications 3D printing has been identified as a promising opportunity to reduce material usage and improve construction efficiency in the field of architecture and building engineering. The emerging fabrication technologies are further expected to significantly reduce the operational energy of buildings through performance integration, i.e. multi-functional building elements with integrated heat- and mass-transfer capabilities to replace conventional systems. Originality/value This study has quantified the impact of infiltration on the mechanical and thermo-physical characteristics of sand-printed elements and, as such, reports reproducible functional performance maps for sand-print applications. The research demonstrates a way to achieve the desired functional characteristics of 3D prints through combinations of material selection and process/post-processing parameters.

Effect of Fly Ash Pre-Sintering Temperature on Adiabatic Foam Fabricated by Sodium Silicate

2019 ◽  
Vol 295 ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
Ye Li ◽  
Heng Ze Zhao ◽  
Xu Dong Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Pore Structure ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Spherical Pore

Adiabatic foam was fabricated successfully using sodium silicate as the raw material with pre-sintered fly ash as additive. Fly ash was pre-sintered at 500 to 900 oC and the effect of the pre-sintering temperature on the performance, including the thermal conductivity, density, compressive strength and microstructure, was researched. The results show that the pre-sintering process effectively reduces the density of the samples while the thermal conductivity and compressive strength are higher than those of the samples fabricated by the fly ash without being pre-sintered. Moreover, the samples exhibit tri-modal spherical pore structure with macropores and mesopores. The pore size remains unchanged until the pre-sintering temperature exceeds 700 oC, and then starts to increase.

scholarly journals Properties of Biobased Rigid Polyurethane Foams Reinforced with Fillers: Microspheres and Nanoclay

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyu Fan ◽  
Ali Tekeei ◽  
Galen J. Suppes ◽  
Fu-Hung Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Matrix Structure ◽  
Foam Density ◽  
Foaming Process ◽  
Pu Foam ◽  
Pu Foams

The effect of incorporating 1–7% microsphere and nanoclay fillers on the physical properties of polyurethane (PU) foams containing 15% soybean oil-based polyol was investigated. Increasing filler percentage reduced the PU foam density. The compressive strength of PU foams decreased slightly when increasing the microsphere content from 1 to 3% and then increased. At 7% microsphere content, the foams displayed the same compressive strength as the control foams made from 100% petroleum polyol. For PU foams reinforced with nanoclay, their compressive strength changed little from 1 to 5%, but decreased at 7% due to a lower density and weaker matrix structure. Foams containing 5 to 7% microspheres or 3 to 7% nanoclay had density-compressive strength comparable or superior to the control. Foams reinforced with fillers had more cells and smaller cell size than foams made from 15% soy-polyol but without fillers. During the foaming process, the maximal temperatures reached by PU foams were not affected by the presence of 1 to 7% of microspheres or nanoclay, but slightly lower than the control. In addition, foams with fillers displayed roughly the same thermal conductivity as soy-polyol based foams without fillers.

scholarly journals Physical Properties and Compressive Strength of Zinc Oxide Nanopowder as a Potential Dental Amalgam Material

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Nanang Qosim ◽  
Putut Murdanto ◽  
Poppy Puspitasari
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Dental Amalgam ◽  
Hydraulic Press ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Green Density ◽  
Compression Load ◽  
Zno Nanopowder ◽  
New Material

In this study, the application of nanotechnology was applied in the dentistry field, especially in the innovation of dental amalgam material. To date, mercury (Hg) has been used widely as dental amalgam material with consideration of the cheap price, ease of use, and good mechanical strength. However, last few years, many problems have been faced in the dentistry field due to the use of mercury. Hence, new material is needed as an innovation to eliminate the mercury from dental amalgam composition. This research was conducted to analyze the physical properties and compressive strength of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanopowder as a potential dental amalgam material. The physical properties such as morphology and dimensions were analyzed by SEM and XRD. Further, the compression test was conducted by using hydraulic press machine. The results showed that the ZnO nanopowder analyzed has the particle size of 14.34 nm with the morphology classified as nanorods type. On the compression load of 500 kg, the average of ZnO green density is 3.170 g/cm<sup>3</sup>. This value experienced the increase of 4.763% when the load was set to 1000 kg, and 7.539% at 2000 kg. The dwelling time also took the same effect. At 30 seconds, the average of ZnO green density is 3.260 g/cm<sup>3</sup>. This value experienced the increase of 0.583% at 60 seconds and 3.098% at 90 seconds.

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