Strategies for Sustainable Urban Transport: A Case Study of Cotonou, Benin

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 9-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fousséni Gomina Mama ◽  
Zhong Zhen Yang ◽  
Dan Dong Xia
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Sustainable Transport

The unrestrained growth in urbanization and motorization generally contributes to an urban land use and transport system that is socially, economically, and environmentally unsustainable. Urban mobility systems are much diversified in developing countries taking into account their components in terms of transport modes and the development path linked to the urban growth. This paper uses Cotonou as a case study, which is the largest urban and economic city of Benin. The paper first reviews literatures on sustainable transport systems to comprehend the concept of sustainable development and transport. Based on the municipal development plan (MDP) adopted by the local authorities, the paper then evaluates the existing transport policies, projects and infrastructure system, to determine if the current paradigm is moving toward or away from sustainable transport. Furthermore, the principles for sustainable urban transport are developed to see what significance municipal transport policies have given to urban transport from a sustainable transport point of view. Finally some strategies are suggested, adoption of which may lead to a sustainable urban development and transport system in the city of Cotonou.Key words: Sustainable development; urbanization; Bus Rapid Transit; socio-economic; land use and urban transport system.

scholarly journals Analysing Ways to Achieve a New Urban Agenda-Based Sustainable Metropolitan Transport

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romanika Okraszewska ◽  
Kazimierz Jamroz ◽  
Lech Michalski ◽  
Joanna Żukowska ◽  
Krzysztof Grzelec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
System Approach ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
New Vision ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
New Urban Agenda

The New Urban Agenda (NUA) sets a new vision of sustainable urban development to help cities deal with the challenges of changing demography. While numerous articles have addressed how the NUA can be implemented at different levels and in different areas, this article points out the potential limitations in incorporating the NUA into metropolitan transport policies. The relevance of the limitations can be seen in three main fields: incompatibility between legal and financial frameworks and the functional and spatial structures of metropolitan areas, the characteristics of how transport systems are developed as part of metropolitan functional and spatial structures and the inconsistency and inadequacy between political declarations (NUA) which are based on ideas and programmes and the objectives of strategy papers which are based on diagnoses, data analyses and predictive models. The authors put forward the thesis that by concentrating on cities, the NUA leaves out some of the characteristics of metropolitan areas. As a consequence, although the NUA can work successfully for metropolitan cores, outer areas are not covered directly. In order to verify the thesis, a comparison was made between the NUA’s transport system approach with experience from running and planning metropolitan transport systems described in the literature. The results of the comparative analysis, confirmed the thesis of the authors and made it possible to formulate general conclusions regarding the specific conditions of metropolitan areas for the running and developing of the transport system. By using explanatory case study of Tri-City Metropolitan Area (TMA) and the Strategy for Transport and Mobility for TMA 2030 general assumptions were confirmed and explain in more details. The NUA and STM were compared for how they address the main areas of intervention related to transport. Differences were identified and recommendations were formulated, should the documents be updated. The STM must be updated in areas such as equity and climate change mitigations while the NUA should be expanded to cover the specific conditions that prevail in functional and metropolitan areas.

scholarly journals Competitiveness of the public transport and car owner behavior: interrelations and contradictions in the light of sustainable development of the metropolis

2020 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 05005
Author(s):  
Irina Skorobogatykh ◽  
Zhanna Musatova ◽  
Roman Sidorchuk ◽  
Natalia Ivashkova ◽  
Petr Nevostruev
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Transport System

Consistent actions taken by car manufacturers to improve the quality of vehicles make them easier to use and reduce their negative impact on the environment significantly strengthen the competitiveness of personal transport. At the same time, high investments in the development of urban transport systems (especially large ones) create conditions for the mobility of all population groups, but do not significantly affect the competitiveness of public transport. At the same time, the high competitiveness of the public transport system is a sign of the successful implementation of the concept of sustainable development of the territory, making it more attractive for tourism and stimulating its development. The study of the limitations of the analysis of the competitiveness of public transport is conducted in this article along with an analysis of the factors that influence the choice of citizens in terms of mobility for their daily tasks. The article presents the results of an empirical study of relations between Moscow residents and public transport, changes in the intensity of use of personal cars in the period 2015-2020. During this period, the transport system has undergone significant positive changes, which have affected the perception of comfort and accessibility of public transport in Moscow.

scholarly journals An Integrated Approach to Transportation and Land-Use Planning for the Analysis of Former Railway Nodes in Sustainable Transport Development: The Case of the Vasco-Navarro Railway

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 322
Author(s):  
Arritokieta Eizaguirre-Iribar ◽  
Olatz Grijalba ◽  
Rufino Javier Hernández-Minguillón
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Sustainable Transport ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Linear Infrastructure ◽  
Motorized Transport

The disappearance of kilometers of railways that once structured their surrounding territory has become an alarming issue in the last decades. These days, several disused railway infrastructures have been converted into non-motorized transport infrastructures. Meanwhile, most of the railway nodes have been abandoned or reused without consideration of the linear infrastructure. This paper argues that former railway nodes can have potential in their surrounding environment and as part of a non-motorized transport axis, i.e., to again be nodes of the former linear infrastructure. Accordingly, the objective of the paper is to analyze the potential of disused railway nodes, focusing on the possibilities they could offer in the area, and defining future approaches for more sustainable development. For that purpose, relations between former railway nodes and their surrounding environment are studied considering transport and land use in the non-motorized influence areas. Existing node/place models were adapted and a multiaxial model was created to measure the balance between transport and land use and typify the defined area. The proposed methodology was applied in a case study, classifying node areas in different development typologies that will be related to different future approaches.

scholarly journals Analysis of Bus Fare Structure to Observe Modal Shift, Operator Profit, and Land-Use Choices through Combined Unified Transport Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Nazam Ali ◽  
Shoichiro Nakayama ◽  
Hiromichi Yamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Choice Behavior ◽  
Shift Operator ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Modal Shift ◽  
Maximum Profit ◽  
Private Car

In order to design sustainable urban transport systems, the inclusion of the behaviors of different stakeholders is imperative. In this study, we formulated the interactions of behaviors between transport operator, landowner, workplace, residence, route and mode choices, and location of firms and businesses through a combined unified model of land-use and transport system. The commuters have two mode choices for traveling: private car and public bus. They are inclined to choose a transit mode with minimum traveling costs. We combined two models, maximization of operator profit constrained by bus frequency, while maintaining the formulation of other stakeholders through an assignment sub-model. The resulting formulation is bi-level, which is optimally solved for a small-sized instance containing two zones. The findings suggest that if the bus fare is reduced, the demand of public bus is increased. However, the operators’ profit is optimized within a certain range of fares and is lowered when the fare is too low or too high. It is determined that maximum bus frequency does not guarantee maximum profit to the service operator. The impacts of traveling costs on residence choice behavior suggest that if link fares are more, many of people opt not to travel between different zones. The analysis results presented in this paper are calculated for two types of link fares: a fixed fare (30 currency), and a range of link fare (5 to 100 currency). Different variants of the same formulation can be applied for real settings to better comprehend the nature of the model and its applications.

scholarly journals The EMITRANSYS model and the possibilities of its application for the analysis of the development of sustainable transport systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 179 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-248
Author(s):  
Marianna JACYNA ◽  
Jolanta ŻAK ◽  
Piotr GOŁĘBIOWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Goal Function ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Sustainable Transport ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
Country Planning

The transport system has a direct impact on the economic and socio-economic situation of each country. Planning its development is an important element of policy. Bearing in mind the importance and complexity of this issue, it should be considered using both quanti-tative methods and mathematical models, as well as advanced simulation tools for modelling transport. The article presents a proposal for an approach to simulation tests of the different transport system in the aspect of the emission of harmful exhaust gas compounds from road transport.The tool for analysing and assessing the functioning of e xisting or designed systems is a model in which the properties of the real system, which are important from the point of view of the research objective, should be mapped. The Model of Proecological Transport System (MEST) was presented formally as an ordered four. Also elements of optimization taks shaping of proecological transport system in form of datas, decision variables, conditions and goal function were presented. An example of tests on simulation model was shown.

Comparison of Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Techniques for the Location of Multi-Modal Terminals in an Integrated Public Urban Transport System

2019 ◽  
pp. 393-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Camargo-Pérez ◽  
Jairo R. Montoya-Torres
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Passenger Transport ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Criteria Importance

Multiple actors from both private and public sectors are currently involved in the design and operation of urban passenger transport systems seeking at optimizing their own objectives. Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques actually aid this process. In this chapter, the authors consider the problem of locating multimodal terminals of an integrated public passenger transport system (IPPTS). A case study for the city of Bogota, Colombia is evaluated. Majority of works in MCDM does not explicitly justify the choice of the applied technique. This chapter applies three different techniques, AHP (analytic hierarchy technique), ELECTRE II (elimination and choice expressing the reality), and CRITIC (criteria importance through intercriteria correlation), to solve problem. A feature of this study is that traditional economic and logistic criteria are evaluated together with environmental and social criteria not previously evaluated in the literature. Numerical results show that each multi-criteria approach may prefer a different alternative, depending on the intrinsic behavior of each technique.

scholarly journals Increasing the efficiency of land use in real property complexes development projects

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 09031
Author(s):  
Sergey Nosov ◽  
Boris Bondarev ◽  
Evgeny Venevtsev ◽  
Tatiana Svintsova ◽  
Sergey Eroshkin
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Graphical Analysis ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Real Property ◽  
Main Component

The relationship between the development of the city ’s transport infrastructure and urban land use is a pressing problem in the territory development of any metropolis. Addressing this challenge requires the creation of new tools and mechanisms. Transport infrastructure is the main component of the entire infrastructure of any city, affecting the social, economic and environmental efficiency of urban land use. Therefore, the authors, choosing transport infrastructure as the object of the research, analyze the patterns that arise during its development on the conditions of the entire urban land use. Methods such as calculation-graphical, analysis and synthesis, abstraction method, etc., are used. The authors analyze management methods of urban transport systems as part of real property complexes. The ecological and economic justification of development projects for the real property complex is proposed as a tool for determining perspective directions and mechanisms for increasing the efficiency of land use.

Research of Interaction between Rail Transport and Land Use in Infancy: A Case on Hangzhou Rail Way Line One

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 4019-4024
Author(s):  
Cheng Qiong Gu ◽  
Jia Yi Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Rail Transport ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
The Status ◽  
Transport Line ◽  
And Function

Recently, by the continuous development of the urban rail transport construction, the issues of urban land use have become increasingly prominent, which requires a combination of urban land use and transport systems, so as to choose a reasonable planning and optimization strategies to promote sustainable urban development. This paper bases on Hangzhou Rail Transport Line rail and land use, with analysis of the status of spatial pattern, structure and function, raising optimization strategies for sustainable transport modes for further planning of urban space, thus, providing an important theoretical basis.

scholarly journals Modelling and Assessing Energy Performance of an Urban Transport System with Electric Drives

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 495-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioan Felea ◽  
Istvan Csuzi ◽  
Eva Barla
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Urban Public Transport

Energy conservation is one of the key priorities of sustainable development strategy. Transport systems are responsible for about one third of energy consumption. As result, the identification of solutions to reduce energy consumption in these systems is essential for the implementation of the sustainable development strategies. The present work is dedicated to identifying the possibilities for a reduction in the consumption of electric energy in electric urban public transport systems, using the audit of their electricity system. After justifying the importance of these concerns, a mathematical model of the electrical energy balance of the electric urban public transport system and its components is presented. The analysis is applied to determine the losses in the system components and useful energy, based on the evaluation and energy consumption measurements. The measurements to reduce energy losses are identified and characterized under technical and economic aspect, optimal electrical energy balances being done on this basis.

VEHICLE PARKING STANDARDS AS A SUPPORT TO SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT SYSTEM: BELGRADE CASE STUDY / AUTOMOBILIŲ AIKŠTELIŲ STANDARTAI KAIP DARNIOS TRANSPORTO SISTEMOS PALAIKYMO PRIEMONĖ: BELGRADO ATVEJIS

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Milosavljevic ◽  
Jelena Simicevic ◽  
Goran Maletic
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
The Other ◽  
Land Use Management ◽  
Sustainable Transport ◽  
The Public ◽  
Transport Accessibility ◽  
The Subject

Vehicle parking standards are related exclusively to parking in connection with: planning, construction, development and/or extension and change of use of the existing developments. On the other hand, vehicle parking standards are the key measure for managing the level of traffic and they should be an integral part of the urban transport policy. This would allow the parking standards to be applied also to the land use management in accordance with accessibility to the urban zones by means of travel other than by car. This implies that in the course of producing vehicle parking standards the level of parking restrictions is to be defined depending on the Public Transport Accessibility Level. If Public Transport Accessibility Level of a zone the subject development belongs to is high, the number of parking spaces to be provided is restricted and customers are encouraged to shift to alternative transport modes. Thus defined parking standards assist in the development of sustainable transport system. This paper will present the methodology for calculation of parking standards depending on the accessibility of the zone the subject development is located within. Santrauka Transporto priemonių stovėjimo vietų standartai numato naujų automobilių aikštelių planavimą ir statybą, esamų statinių išplėtimą ar pakeitimą. Kita vertus, automobilių aikštelių standartai yra pagrindinė priemonė, padedanti valdyti transporto srauto lygi. Jie tūretų būti neatsiejami nuo miesto transporto politikos. Tai leistų įvairias miesto zonas vykti ne automobiliais. Tai reiškia, kad automobilių aikštelių apribojimai turi būti suderinti su miesto viešojo transporto sistema. Jei viešojo transporto prieinamumo lygis konkrečioje miesto zonoje yra aukštas, automobiliu aikšteliu skaičius turi būti ribojamas, o miestiečiai turi būti skatinami naudotis alternatyviomis transporto rūšimis. Taip automobilių aikštelių standartai padeda pletoti darnia transporto sistema. Šiame straipsnyje pateikiama automobilių aikštelių skaičiavimo metodologija, įvertinanti atskirų miesto zonų pasiekiamumą.

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