The Effect of Alkali Treatment Mechanical Properties of Kenaf Fiber Epoxy Composite

2011 ◽  
Vol 471-472 ◽  
pp. 191-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad A. Mutasher ◽  
Adrian Poh ◽  
Aaron Mark Than ◽  
Justin Law
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Kenaf Fiber ◽  
Kenaf Fibre ◽  
Fibre Composites ◽  
The Impact

Increasing worldwide environmental awareness is an encouraging scientific research into the development of cheaper, more environmentally friendly and sustainable construction and packaging materials. Kenaf fibre is a natural fibre which is growing in popularity due environmental issues and its properties as filler. Epoxy is a versatile thermosetting polymer which has a low curing temperature and used in making carbon fibre and glass composites. In this paper the properties of kenaf bast fibre epoxy reinforced composite have been investigated. The effects of alkali surface treatment of the fiber on the composite properties are also investigated. A hand layup method was use to fabricate the test specimens. Generally, all the treated fibre composites performed better than the untreated fibre with an improvement approximately 5% to 10%. Epoxy has the highest tensile strength and flexural strength among all specimens. The 24wt% treated kenaf fibre composites has the highest tensile strength, 27.72MPa and flexural strength, 56.91MPa. The kenaf fiber weight fraction of 40% gave the highest impact strength. The impact strength of the 40wt% kenaf fiber increased 14.3% after alkali treatment.

Electrical and Mechanical Properties of Carbon Aerogels / Phenolic Resin for Nanocomposites

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 1725-1730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Jen Chen ◽  
Ming Yuan Shen ◽  
Yi Luen Li ◽  
Chin Lung Chiang ◽  
Ming Chuen Yip
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Phenolic Resin ◽  
Surface Conductivity ◽  
Carbon Aerogels ◽  
Polymer Resin ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Humidity Environment

This study used carbon aerogels (CA) and phenolic resin in fixed proportations to produce nano high polymer resin, and used poly ehtylene oxide (PEO) as the modifying agent for phenolic resin to improve the mechanical properties of phenolic resin and promote the surface conductivity. The prepared nano high polymer resin and carbon cloth were made into nano-prepreg by using ultrasonic impregnation method, and a nano-prepreg composite material was prepared by using hot compacting and cut to test pieces to measure its mechanical properties and surface conductivity as well as the influence of temperature-humidity environment (85°C/168hr and 85°C/85%RH/168hr) on mechanical properties. The result showed that the surface conductivity increased by 64.55%, the tensile strength at room temperature increased by 35.7%, the flexural strength increased by 18.4%, and the impact strength increased by 101%. In hot environment (85°C/168hr), the tensile strength decreased by 23.8%, the flexural strength increased by 3.1%, and the impact strength increased by 84.6%. In high temperature-high humidity environment (85°C/85% RH/168hr), the tensile strength decreased by 29.6%, the flexural strength decreased by 17%, and the impact strength increased by 95.7%.Introduction

Impact of Alkali Treatment Conditions on Kenaf Fiber Polyester Composite Tensile Strength

2014 ◽  
Vol 660 ◽  
pp. 285-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Yussni Hashim ◽  
Mohd Nazrul Roslan ◽  
Shahruddin Mahzan ◽  
Mohd Zin ◽  
Saparudin Ariffin
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Immersion Time ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Type I ◽  
Kenaf Fiber ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Polyester Composite ◽  
The Impact

The increase of environmental issues awareness has accelerated the utilization of renewable resources like plant fiber to be used as reinforced material in polymer composite. However, there are significant problems of compatibility between the fiber and the matrix due to weakness in the interfacial adhesion of the natural fiber with the synthetic matrices. One of the solutions to overcome this problem is using chemical modification like alkali treatment. In this study, the impact of alkali treatment conditions on short randomly oriented kenaf fiber reinforced polyester matrix composite tensile strength was investigated. The experimental design setting was based on 2 level factorial experiments. Two parameters were selected during alkali treatment process which are kenaf fiber immersion duration (at 30 minute and 480 minute) and alkali solution temperature (at 40°C and 80°C). Alkali concentration was fixed at 2% (w/v) and the kenaf polyester volume fraction ratio was 10:90. The composite specimens were tested to determine the tensile properties according to ASTM D638-10 Type I. JOEL scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the microstructure of the material. The result showed that alkali treatment conditions setting do have the impact on tensile strength of short randomly oriented kenaf polyester composite. The interaction factors between immersion time and temperature was found to have prominent factors to the tensile strength of composite followed by the immersion time factor.

Preparation and properties of bismaleimide resin blended with alkynyl-terminated modifiers

2021 ◽  
pp. 095400832110341
Author(s):  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Linxiang Wang ◽  
Qiaolong Yuan ◽  
Qing Zheng ◽  
Liqiang Wan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Resin System ◽  
Bismaleimide Resin ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Increase With Increase ◽  
Modifier Content ◽  
The Impact

A kind of modified bismaleimide resin, with good processability, heat resistance, and impact strength was developed, using 4,4′-dipropargyloxydiphenyl ether (DPEDPE), N-(4-propargyloxyphenyl)maleimide (4-PPM), and 3-ethynylphenyl maleimide (3-EPM) as modifiers. The DPEDPE, 4-PPM, and 3-EPM were synthesized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), and used to modify the N,N′-(4,4′-diphenylmethane)bismaleimide (BDM)/2,2′-diallyl bisphenol A (DABPA) resin system (BD) to obtain the different blend resin systems of DPEDPE-modified BD (BDD), 4-PPM-modified BD (BDP), and 3-EPM-modified BD (BDE). The curing temperature of BD resin increases with increase of the alkynyl-terminated modifier content. The processability of BD resin was improved with addition of the propargyloxy-terminated compounds. The temperature of 5% weight loss, residual yield at 800°C and glass transition temperature of the cured BD resin increase with increase of the alkynyl-terminated modifier content and can reach 443°C, 46.7% and higher than 380°C. The tensile strength of the cured BD resin decreases with increase of alkynyl-terminated modifier content. The impact strength of the cured BD resin increases with increase of the propargyloxy-terminated compound content and can increase by 65%. The tensile strength, elastic modulus, and impact strength of the cured BD resin blended with DPEDPE can be 73.7 MPa, 4.1 GPa, and 19.6 kJ m−2, respectively. Moreover, the cured BD resin blended with DPEDPE has good water absorption resistance.

scholarly journals Properties of Pavement Quality Concrete Prepared with Recycled Coarse Aggregate

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 3186-3192 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Strength Characteristics ◽  
Laboratory Environment ◽  
Recycled Coarse Aggregate ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Remarkable Reduction

The investigation is intended to evaluate the impact of substitution of demolished concrete debris as coarse aggregate (CA) in pavement quality concrete (PQC). The strength characteristics of PQC such as compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength and impact strength after adding recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) are experimentally determined in laboratory environment. Specimens of M30 grade concrete were prepared and tested. The RCA was substituted up to 50% by replacing CA content. Based on the investigation results, it was found that reduction of slump value due to the substitution of RCA in concrete. There is no remarkable reduction of compressive strength and flexural strength up to 30% and 40 % replacement of CA respectively in all the curing periods. The impact strength was reduced due to addition of RCA and observed 8% reduction after adding 20% RCA. It is suggested that RCA may be used up to 20% as CA in PQC.

Study on Application of Modified Polyethylene in Preparation of Wood-Plastic Composites

2010 ◽  
Vol 150-151 ◽  
pp. 379-385
Author(s):  
Qun Lü ◽  
Qing Feng Zhang ◽  
Hai Ke Feng ◽  
Guo Qiao Lai
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Impact

The wood-plastic composites (WPC) were prepared via compress molding by using the blends of high density polyethylene (HDPE) and modified polyethylene (MAPE) as the matrix and wood flour (WF) as filler. The effect of MAPE content in the matrix on the mechanical properties of the matrix and WPC was investigated. It was shown that the change of MAPE content in the matrix had no influence on the tensile strength of the matrix, but markedly reduced the impact strength of the matrix. Additionally, it had significant influence on the strength of WPC. When the content of wood flour and the content of the matrix remained fixed, with increasing the content of MAPE in the matrix, the tensile strength and the flexural strength of WPC tended to increase rapidly initially and then become steady. Moreover, with the increasing of MAPE concentration, the impact strength of WPC decreased when the low content of wood flour (30%) was filled, but increased at high wood flour loading (70%).

scholarly journals Investigation of Hybrid Composite Properties Fabricated from Bagasse Fibers Reinforced with Al2O3 and SiC for Light Weight Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
Yobsan Alemu Heyi ◽  
Gutata Kabeta Woyessa ◽  
Moera Gutu Jiru ◽  
Genet Bekele Alemu ◽  
Lamrot Kebede ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Filler Materials ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Design Data ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Bagasse Fiber

The primary purpose of this study was to investigate mechanical properties of hybrid composite fabricated from bagasse fibers reinforced with Al2O3 and SiC for automotive purposes. The technique applied was referred to as the hand layup technique for the fabrication of composite. The experiment was conducted based on Taguchi L9 orthogonal array design. Data shows that the maximum tensile and flexural strength were 39.9 and 56.1 MPa respectively. Hardness and impact strength were 75.05 HV and 14 J respectively. The results indicated that the increasing Al2O3 and SiC wt.% increase the tensile strength and after bagasse fiber wt.% reaches optimum values the tensile strength decreased. Increasing Al2O3 wt.%, increases flexural strength and after bagasse fiber and SiC wt.% reaches optimum values, flexural strength was decreased. Increasing bagasse fiber wt.% increases the hardness of composite, and increasing Al2O3 and SiC wt.% increases the hardness, then after reaching optimum values the hardness was decreased. Increasing Al2O3 wt.% after the optimum values decrease the impact strength, and increasing bagasse fiber and SiC wt.% increase impact strength. The developed hybrid composite material was found to be improved the properties of composites after addition of Al2O3 and SiC powder as filler materials. This thesis recommends higher institutes, automotive companies, manufacturing companies, the construction sector and the government to conduct on how to utilize this abundant waste of bagasse fiber resource.

Polyolefin Composites Filled with Magnesium Hydroxide

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 447-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Zhu ◽  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Yinxi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Magnesium Hydroxide ◽  
Acid Anhydride ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Linear Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Izod Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this study, modified and non-modified composites of polypropylene (PP) and linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) filled with magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) were investigated, and maleic acid anhydride-grafted PP or LLDPE (MAH-g-PP, or MAH-g-LLDPE) were used as polymer modifiers. In the composites, when the LLDPE was partially replaced by MAH-g-LLDPE, the notched Izod impact strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength of the composites increased, while the modulus decreased. When the PP was partially replaced by MAH-g-PP, the tensile strength and flexural strength of the composites increased, and the impact strength and modulus changed slightly. The phase structure of the composites was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC).

Mechanical Properties and Fracture Toughness of Alkali Treated Oil Palm Fruit Bunch (OPFB) Fibre/Epoxy Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 390 ◽  
pp. 521-525
Author(s):  
Anizah Kalam ◽  
Aidah Jumahat ◽  
Z. Salleh ◽  
Koay Mei Hyie
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Fibre Composites ◽  
Fracture Tests

Mechanical properties of oil palm fruit bunch (OPFB) fibre composites have been quite extensively research by many researchers. However fracture toughness of this composite is still not fully understood. Hence this research used Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at three different concentrations (1%, 3% and 5%) to treat the Oil palm fruit bunch (OPFB) fibre to investigate the effects of alkali treatment on the mechanical properties and facture toughness of OPFB fibre/epoxy composites. Tensile and fracture tests results indicate that the 3% NaOH concentration gave the best mechanical properties. An increase of 12% and 18% were observed for tensile and flexural moduli, meanwhile the increament of 9% was observed for tensile strength. However no increase on flexural strength was observed due to the OPFB treatment. Suggestion has been made to further study on the NaOH concentration in the range of 2% - 4%.

Red mud/polypropylene composite with mechanical and thermal properties

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (26) ◽  
pp. 2811-2816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yihe Zhang ◽  
Anzhen Zhang ◽  
Zhichao Zhen ◽  
Fengzhu Lv ◽  
Paul K. Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Softening Temperature ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Twin Screw Extrusion ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
The Impact

Polypropylene (PP) based composites containing 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, and 50 wt% red mud are granulated by twin-screw extrusion and injection molding. Their mechanical properties such as tensile strength, flexural strength and modulus, impact strength, and thermal properties are determined. After filling with red mud, the flexural strength and modulus, thermal deformation temperature, and Vicat softening temperature increase, whereas the impact strength decreases with increasing red mud contents. The maximum tensile strength is observed from the PP doped with 15 wt% red mud. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is used to investigate the dispersion of red mud in the PP matrix.

Comparative study between dry and wet properties of thermoplastic PA6/PP novel matrix-based carbon fibre composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 579-591
Author(s):  
Aparna Sridhar ◽  
Ramesh Babu Adusumalli ◽  
Purnima Doddipatla ◽  
Karthik Chethan Venkateshan
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Fibre Composites ◽  
Injection Molded ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Carbon Fibre Composites

Abstract The aim of the study is to develop and investigate the suitability of thermoplastic composites for underwater applications. PA6/PP/PP-g-MA (70 wt%/30 wt%/3 phr) blend is used as a novel matrix to synthesize UDCF composites with balanced strength and toughness even in humid conditions. This novel matrix has around 60% lower water absorption capacity compared to PA6. Short carbon fibres (SCF) and unidirectional carbon fibre fabric (UDCF with 12K rovings) are used as reinforcements. X-ray CT data of injection-molded SCF composites revealed good wetting. However, in the case of compression-molded UDCF composites, a few unwetted zones were found. Comparing dry and wet samples, wet-matrix, wet-SCF composite and wet-UDCF composites had 40, 15, and 25% reduction in their tensile strengths, respectively. However, the impact strength of wet-matrix and wet-UDCF composites increased by 67 and 61%, respectively. Hence, SCF composites having a wet tensile strength of 46 MPa can be used in preparing underwater components due to the low number of interfacial voids. UDCF composites having more interfacial voids are recommended for humid conditions wherein the wet impact strength (11.4 J) and wet tensile strength (266 MPa) are the main criteria.

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