The Fabrication of Refractory Cordierite from Aluminium Buff Mixture

2016 ◽  
Vol 690 ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
Nuntaporn Kongkajun ◽  
Parinya Chakartnarodom ◽  
Warunee Borwornkiatkaew
Keyword(s):  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Batch Composition ◽  
Brazilian Test ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Powder Mixtures ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Properties Of Materials

The aim of this work is to propose the utilization of aluminium buff from aluminium part manufacturer as a raw material for cordierite batch composition. The powder mixtures were compacted by uniaxial pressing. The green compacts were sintered at temperature in the range 1300-1400°C for 2 hours in air. The physical properties were characterized by Archimedes method, Brazilian test and dilatometry. Phase and microstructural analysis were done by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The XRD analysis showed the major phase was cordierite along with sapphirine as a secondary phase. The fired properties of materials were demonstrated that the optimal properties was achieved from the specimen sintered at 1375 °C.

scholarly journals Effect of Molybdenum Content on the Corrosion and Microstructure of Low-Ni, Co-Free Maraging Steels

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 852
Author(s):  
Asiful H. Seikh ◽  
Hossam Halfa ◽  
Mahmoud S. Soliman
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Alloying Element ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Maraging Steels ◽  
Eds Analysis ◽  
Electroslag Refining

Molybdenum (Mo) is an important alloying element in maraging steels. In this study, we altered the Mo concentration during the production of four cobalt-free maraging steels using an electroslag refining process. The microstructure of the four forged maraging steels was evaluated to examine phase contents by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Additionally, we assessed the corrosion resistance of the newly developed alloys in 3.5% NaCl solution and 1 M H2SO4 solution through potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. Furthermore, we performed SEM and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis after corrosion to assess changes in microstructure and Raman spectroscopy to identify the presence of phases on the electrode surface. The microstructural analysis shows that the formation of retained austenite increases with increasing Mo concentrations. It is found from corrosion study that increasing Mo concentration up to 4.6% increased the corrosion resistance of the steel. However, further increase in Mo concentration reduces the corrosion resistance.

Characterization and A Preliminary Study of TiO2 Synthesis from Lampung Iron Sand

2020 ◽  
Vol 849 ◽  
pp. 113-118
Author(s):  
Yayat Iman Supriyatna ◽  
Slamet Sumardi ◽  
Widi Astuti ◽  
Athessia N. Nainggolan ◽  
Ajeng W. Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Solid Residue ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Leaching Solution ◽  
Ti Content

The purpose of this study is to characterize Lampung iron sand and to conduct preliminary experiments on the TiO2 synthesis which can be used for the manufacturing of functional food packaging. The iron sand from South Lampung Regency, Lampung Province that will be utilized as raw material. The experiment was initiated by sieving the iron sand on 80, 100, 150, 200 and 325 mesh sieves. Analysis using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) to determine the element content and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) to observe the mineralization of the iron sand was conducted. The experiment was carried out through the stages of leaching, precipitation, and calcination. Roasting was applied firstly by putting the iron sand into the muffle furnace for 5 hours at a temperature of 700°C. Followed by leaching using HCl for 48 hours and heated at 105°C with a stirring speed of 300 rpm. The leaching solution was filtered with filtrate and solid residue as products. The solid residue was then leached using 10% H2O2 solution. The leached filtrate was heated at 105°C for 40 minutes resulting TiO2 precipitates (powder). Further, the powder was calcined and characterized. Characterization of raw material using XRF shows the major elements of Fe, Ti, Mg, Si, Al and Ca. The highest Ti content is found in mesh 200 with 9.6%, while iron content is about 80.7%. While from the XRD analysis, it shows five mineral types namely magnetite (Fe3O4), Rhodonite (Mn, Fe, Mg, Ca) SiO3, Quart (SiO2), Ilmenite (FeOTiO2) and Rutile (TiO2). The preliminary experiment showed that the Ti content in the synthesized TiO2 powder is 21.2%. The purity of TiO2 is low due to the presence of Fe metal which is dissolved during leaching, so that prior to precipitation purification is needed to remove impurities such as iron and other metals.

X-ray diffraction Warren–Averbach mullite analysis in whiteware porcelains: influence of kaolin raw material

Clay Minerals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Sanz ◽  
Joaquín Bastida ◽  
Angel Caballero ◽  
Marek Kojdecki
Keyword(s):  
Crystallite Size ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Stoichiometric Composition ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Crystallite Sizes

ABSTRACTCompositional and microstructural analysis of mullites in porcelain whitewares obtained by the firing of two blends of identical triaxial composition using a kaolin B consisting of ‘higher-crystallinity’ kaolinite or a finer halloysitic kaolin M of lower crystal order was performed. No significant changes in the average Al2O3 contents (near the stoichiometric composition 3:2) of the mullites were observed. Fast and slow firing at the same temperature using B or M kaolin yielded different mullite contents. The Warren–Averbach method showed increase of the D110 mullite crystallite size and crystallite size distributions with small shifts to greater values with increasing firing temperature for the same type of firing (slow or fast) using the same kaolin, as well as significant differences between fast and slow firing of the same blend at different temperatures for each kaolin. The higher maximum frequency distribution of crystallite size observed at the same firing temperature using blends with M kaolin suggests a clearer crystallite growth of mullite in this blend. The agreement between thickening perpendicular to prism faces and mean crystallite sizes <D110> of mullite were not always observed because the direction perpendicular to 110 planes is not preferred for growth.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Acetone Gas-Sensing Responses of Tapered WO3 Nanorods through Sputtering Coating with a Thin SnO2 Coverage Layer

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-Chang Liang ◽  
Yu Chao
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Elemental Distribution ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Acetone Vapor ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Composite Nanorods

WO3–SnO2 composite nanorods were synthesized by combining hydrothermal growth of tapered tungsten trioxide (WO3) nanorods and sputter deposition of thin SnO2 layers. Crystalline SnO2 coverage layers with thicknesses in the range of 13–34 nm were sputter coated onto WO3 nanorods by controlling the sputtering duration of the SnO2. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis results demonstrated that crystalline hexagonal WO3–tetragonal SnO2 composite nanorods were formed. The microstructural analysis revealed that the SnO2 coverage layers were in a polycrystalline feature. The elemental distribution analysis revealed that the SnO2 thin layers homogeneously covered the surfaces of the hexagonally structured WO3 nanorods. The WO3–SnO2 composite nanorods with the thinnest SnO2 coverage layer showed superior gas-sensing response to 100–1000 ppm acetone vapor compared to other composite nanorods investigated in this study. The substantially improved gas-sensing responses to acetone vapor of the hexagonally structured WO3 nanorods coated with the SnO2 coverage layers are discussed in relation to the thickness of SnO2 coverage layers and the core–shell configuration of the WO3–SnO2 composite nanorods.

Phase Formation of α-Cordierite Using Different Sintering Profile

2012 ◽  
Vol 620 ◽  
pp. 295-298
Author(s):  
I. Norfadhilah ◽  
Mohamad Hasmaliza ◽  
Zainal Arifin Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Phase Formation ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Glass Crystallization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Method Effect ◽  
Crystallization Method ◽  
Two Stages

ndialite or α-cordierite was synthesized by glass crystallization method. Effect of different sintering profile; single stage sintering (1s) and two stages sintering (2s) on phase formation was determined via x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis using rietvield method of HighScore Plus software. It has been found that 1s produce 85 % of α-cordierite with 15 % anorthite as secondary phase while, α-cordierite appeared about 68.6 % with 24.3 % anorthite and 7.1 % forsterite as secondary phase using 2s sintering profile.

Micropyretic synthesis of MoSi2 powders through an aluminothermic reaction

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 2023-2028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Fu ◽  
S. Penumella ◽  
J. A. Sekhar
Keyword(s):  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Molybdenum Disilicide ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Phosphoric Acid Solution ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Powder Mixtures ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Aluminothermic Reaction

An aluminothermic reaction starting with inexpensive MoO3, SiO2, and Al powders was utilized to prepare molybdenum disilicide (MoSi2) powders by the micropyretic/combustion synthesis process and leaching. The combustion-synthesized product was porous and could readily be crushed into powders. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the product of such a reaction consisted of α–Al2O3, MoSi2, and a small amount of Mo(Si,Al)2 and Mo5Si3. The reason for the formation of Mo(Si, Al)2 phase is discussed. MoSi2 powders were obtained by leaching out the Al2O3 from the synthesized powder mixtures in boiling phosphoric acid solution. The synthesized MoSi2 powders, including a small amount of Mo(Si, Al)2 and Mo5Si3, were very fine with an average particle size of about 1 μm.

scholarly journals BIOCERAMIC COMPOSITE: HEN’S EGGSHELL CHARACTERIZATION AND MAIN APPLICATIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Jenniffer Syreetta de Oliveira Spelta ◽  
André Gustavo de Sousa Galdino
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analyses ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Technological Potential ◽  
Decomposition Of Organic Matter ◽  
Chicken Eggshell

The chicken eggshell is a bioceramic composite which constitutes a solid waste material whose final disposal is complex and expensive. Brazil generates significant amounts of eggshell residue. This work aimed to characterize the eggshells of white, red and backyard hens and indicate their technological potential as raw material for ceramic products manufacturing. The eggshells were crushed, ground, sifted in a ABNT number 80 sieve and subsequently analyzed by X-rays fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermal analyses (DTA and TGA). Through XRF it was observed that the main constituent of eggshell is calcium oxide (CaO), with different percentages between the eggshell types. XRD analysis indicated that the chicken eggshells used in this work are mainly composed of CaCO3. DTA and TGA demonstrated that the thermal decomposition of the chicken eggshells occurs in three events: water removal; decomposition of organic matter; and decomposition of CaCO3 in CaO and CO2. By reviewing the literature, it was verified that chicken eggshells have important applications since they can be used in biomedicine, civil construction, food industries and as soil nutrients. As a result, it is possible to conclude that the chicken eggshell is rich in CaCO3 and can be easily calcined to obtain CaO.

Effect of Si2N2O content on the microstructure, properties, and erosion of silicon nitride–Si2N2O in situ composites

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 2275-2280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Soo Park ◽  
Hyun-Ju Choi ◽  
Byung-Dong Han ◽  
Hai-Doo Kim ◽  
Dae-Soon Lim
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Transgranular Fracture ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Powder Mixtures ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pressing Powder

Silicon nitride–Si2N2O in situ composites were prepared by hot pressing powder mixtures of α–Si3N4, 6 wt% Y2O3, 1 wt% Al2O3, and 0–12 wt% SiO2. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that the volume percents of Si2N2O were 0, 13, 31, and 54 for the composites prepared with 0, 4, 8, and 12 wt% SiO2, respectively. XRD results also indicated that both silicon nitride grains and Si2N2O grains were laid down perpendicular to hot pressing direction. As the volume percent of Si2N2O increased, the width and the amount of elongated silicon nitride grains decreased, but the fracture toughness increased. Young's modulus of the in situ composites decreased as the Si2N2O content was increased. The erosion rate decreased as the Si2N2O content was increased, in part, due to both the increased fracture toughness and the reduced grain size. Erosion of the composites occurred primarily due to the grain dislodgment. The sample without Si2N2O experienced micro-chipping due to transgranular fracture.

Effect of Ionic Liquids/water Pre-Treatment of Luffa fibres on the Structural Properties

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 3587-3590
Author(s):  
Li Wei ◽  
Xiao Qing Shi ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Ying Chong Ma ◽  
Ji Xiang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Crystallinity Index ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pre Treatment

Recently, the use of lignocellulosic fibres to reinforcing composite has received an increased attention. However, lack of good interfacial adhesion makes important the treatment of raw materials. In this study, the raw material Luffa fibres were treated by ionic liquids/water mixture and this treatment proved to be useful by elimination of gummy and waxy substances. The effect of the treatments on the structure of fibres was showed using SEM and XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) analysis. The SEM results revealed that the treatment resulted in a removal of lignin, pectin and hemicellulose substances, and change the characteristics of the surface topography. The XRD analysis shows the increase of crystallinity index.

Preparation and XRD Analysis of Cellulose from Merbau (Intsia bijuga)

2014 ◽  
Vol 895 ◽  
pp. 151-154
Author(s):  
Nur Amira Mamat Razali ◽  
Noriean Azraaie ◽  
Nurul Aimi Mohd Zainul Abidin ◽  
Nur Ain Ibrahim ◽  
Fauziah Abdul Aziz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cellulose Nanocrystal ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

Hardwood is from angiosperm trees. The characteristic of woods include flower, endosperm within seeds and the production of fruits that contain the seeds. This paper aim is to discuss the preparation and characterization the cellulose obtained from hardwood and the analysis of the cellulose from x-ray diffraction result. The hardwood Merbau (Intsia bijuga) was chosen as raw material in this study. Ethanol toluene, lignin and holocellulose extraction methods were used for the preparation of cellulose while acid hydrolysis was used to produce the cellulose nanocrystal (CNC). The untreated (pure hardwood Merbau) and cellulose samples were characterized using XRD. The final products from all samples were then compared.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document