Phase Formation of α-Cordierite Using Different Sintering Profile

2012 ◽  
Vol 620 ◽  
pp. 295-298
Author(s):  
I. Norfadhilah ◽  
Mohamad Hasmaliza ◽  
Zainal Arifin Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Phase Formation ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Glass Crystallization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Method Effect ◽  
Crystallization Method ◽  
Two Stages

ndialite or α-cordierite was synthesized by glass crystallization method. Effect of different sintering profile; single stage sintering (1s) and two stages sintering (2s) on phase formation was determined via x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis using rietvield method of HighScore Plus software. It has been found that 1s produce 85 % of α-cordierite with 15 % anorthite as secondary phase while, α-cordierite appeared about 68.6 % with 24.3 % anorthite and 7.1 % forsterite as secondary phase using 2s sintering profile.

The Fabrication of Refractory Cordierite from Aluminium Buff Mixture

2016 ◽  
Vol 690 ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
Nuntaporn Kongkajun ◽  
Parinya Chakartnarodom ◽  
Warunee Borwornkiatkaew
Keyword(s):  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Batch Composition ◽  
Brazilian Test ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Powder Mixtures ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Properties Of Materials

The aim of this work is to propose the utilization of aluminium buff from aluminium part manufacturer as a raw material for cordierite batch composition. The powder mixtures were compacted by uniaxial pressing. The green compacts were sintered at temperature in the range 1300-1400°C for 2 hours in air. The physical properties were characterized by Archimedes method, Brazilian test and dilatometry. Phase and microstructural analysis were done by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The XRD analysis showed the major phase was cordierite along with sapphirine as a secondary phase. The fired properties of materials were demonstrated that the optimal properties was achieved from the specimen sintered at 1375 °C.

Synthesis of Environment Friendly Manganese Doped Metal Oxide Nanoparticles for the Bio sensor Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 09-15
Author(s):  
Priyadharshini Muthukumaravel ◽  
Rajesh Pattulingam ◽  
Syed Illiyas Syed Maqbool ◽  
Hariharan Venkatesan ◽  
Ezhil Inban Manimaran
Keyword(s):  
Phase Formation ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Band Gap Energy ◽  
Fe2o3 Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Uv Visible

The present work focuses the synthesis of Manganese(Mn) doped Fe2O3 nanoparticles via an environmental friendly method which find their suitability for biosensors applications using the extraction of Nyctanthes arbor tristis seed for the first time. The synthesized Mn (~2, 3 & 5 wt. %) doped Fe2O3 were characterized by Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission Scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Cyclic voltammeter, Infrared and UV visible spectroscopic studies. The powder X-ray diffraction analysis exposed the phase formation and α - Fe2O3 nanoparticles in the case of annealed sample. Also, interesting secondary phase formation observed in the case of Mn 5wt. % doped samples. The optical properties of Mn (~2, 3 & 5 wt. %) doped Fe2O3 samples was determined by utilizing UV – Visible spectroscopic technique and the corresponding band gap energy was found to be 5.83 eV. The chemical bonds as well as functional groups in the compound were confirmed by the analysis of FT-IR spectrum. The morphology of the prepared samples were observed at micro level using FE-SEM analysis.Cyclic voltammeter was used to find the suitability of the prepared samples for proposed bio sensor applications.  

Temperature and time dependence of phase formation of HgBa2Can−1CunO2(n+1)+δ superconductors

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 644-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayako Yamamoto ◽  
Makoto Itoh ◽  
Atsushi Fukuoka ◽  
Seiji Adachi ◽  
Hisao Yamauchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Dependence ◽  
Phase Formation ◽  
Wide Temperature Range ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Single Step ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sintering Time ◽  
Firing Method

We systematically studied the temperature and time dependence of phase formation of HgBa2Can−1CunO2(n+1)+δ [Hg-12(n − 1)n, n = 1, 2, 3, 4] superconductors by a single step firing method. All samples were synthesized from high-purity HgO, BaO, CaO, and CuO in a sealed quartz tube. The phase formation of Hg-12(n − 1)n was examined by both x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and dc susceptibility measurement. A single-phase HgBa2CuO4+δ (Hg-1201) was obtained in a relatively wide temperature range (600–850 °C), while single-phase HgBa2CaCu2O6+8 (Hg-1212) and HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8+δ (Hg-1223) were obtained only in narrow temperature and time ranges for the synthesis. The optimum temperatures for Hg-1212 and Hg-1223 were found to be 665 and 710 °C, respectively, when the sintering time was fixed for about 50 h. The HgBa2Ca3Cu4O10+δ (Hg-1234) phase was obtained as a mixture with Hg-1223.

In-Situ X-Ray Diffraction and Resistivity Analysis of CoSi2 Phase Formation with and without a Ti Interlayer at Rapid Thermal Annealing Rates

1994 ◽  
Vol 375 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Cabral ◽  
L. A. Clevenger ◽  
G. B. Stephenson ◽  
S. Brauer ◽  
G. Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Annealing ◽  
Phase Formation ◽  
Rapid Thermal Annealing ◽  
Physical Vapor Deposition ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Ti Films

AbstractIt has been demonstrated, using synchrotron radiation, that at rapid thermal annealing rates (3°C/s) the formation of CoSi2 shifts to higher temperatures when a thin Ti interlayer is placed between Co and polycrystalline Si. It has also been shown that the Ti interlayer reduces the temperature range between the start of CoSi formation and CoSi2 formation (i.e. the range over which CoSi is present). 13 nm of Co deposited by physical vapor deposition on polycrystalline Si with and without either a 2 nm or 3.4 nm interlayer of Ti was analyzed in-situ by monitoring x-ray diffraction (XRD) peak intensity as a function of temperature using monochromatic radiation from a synchrotron beam line and by monitoring resistivity as a function of temperature in a rapid thermal annealing (RTA) system. The XRD analysis indicates that the phase formation proceeds from CoSi to CoSi2 in a temperature range that decreases from about 200°C to 140°C to 115°C with pure Co, Co/2 nm Ti and Co/3.4 nm Ti films respectively. The onset of the CoSi formation increases by about 135°C and 160° for Co/ 2 nm Ti and Co/3.4 nm Ti compared to pure Co. The CoSi temperature range decreases from about 75°C in pure Co to less than 50°C in Co/Ti. In-situ RTA resistance along with in-situ XRD analysis indicates that the onset formation temperatures for CoSi are about 440°C, 575°C and 600°C and the temperatures for the completion of CoSi2 formation are about 640°C, 715°C and 715°C for Co, Co / 2 nm Ti and Co / 3.4 nm Ti films respectively. The results are consistent with the Ti interlayer acting as a diffusion barrier during the initial stages of the Co-Si reaction.

Identification of acid-insoluble filter-plugging compounds and optimal acid-washing procedures for tubular backpulse pressure filters

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
KEVIN TAYLOR ◽  
RICH ADDERLY ◽  
GAVIN BAXTER
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Sulfate ◽  
Membrane Filter ◽  
Sulfamic Acid ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Metal Sulfides ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Gypsum Formation ◽  
Acid Washing ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Over time, performance of tubular backpulse pressure filters in kraft mills deteriorates, even with regular acid washing. Unscheduled filter replacement due to filter plugging results in significant costs and may result in mill downtime. We identified acid-insoluble filter-plugging materials by scanning electron microscope/energy-dispersion X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis in both polypropylene and Gore-Tex™ membrane filter socks. The major filter-plugging components were calcium sulfate (gypsum), calcium phosphate (hydroxylapatite), aluminosilicate clays, metal sulfides, and carbon. We carried out detailed sample analysis of both the standard acid-washing procedure and a modified procedure. Filter plugging by gypsum and metal sulfides appeared to occur because of the acid-washing procedure. Gypsum formation on the filter resulted from significant hydrolysis of sulfamic acid solution at temperatures greater than 130°F. Modification of the acid-washing procedure greatly reduced the amount of gypsum and addition of a surfactant to the acid reduced wash time and mobilized some of the carbon from the filter. With surfactant, acid washing was 95% complete after 40 min.

A study on using expanded perlite with hydroxyapatite: Reinforced bio-composites

2021 ◽  
pp. 095441192199656
Author(s):  
Erdoğan Karip ◽  
Mehtap Muratoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Body Fluid ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Cold Isostatic Pressing ◽  
Expanded Perlite ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Pressing Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Ft Ir

People are exposed to different kinds of diseases or various accidents in life. Hydroxyapatite (HA) has been widely employed for bone treatment applications. In this study, HA was extracted from sheep bones. Bio-composites were doped with 1, 5, and 10 wt.% of expanded perlite and 5 wt.% of ZrO2–MgO-P2O5. The bio-composites were prepared by the cold isostatic pressing method (250 MPa) and sintered at 900°C for 1 h. In order to evaluate the characteristics of the bio-composites, microhardness, density, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analyses were carried out on them. Additionally, the specimens whose characteristics were determined were kept in synthetic body fluid (SBF), and their in vitro behavior was examined. As a result, it was observed that microhardness increased as both the weight and the grain size of the expanded perlite were increased. Calcium silicate, tri-calcium phosphate, and hydroxyapatite were observed in the XRD analysis of all samples, and the formation of apatite structures was increased by addition of ZrO2–MgO–P2O5.

scholarly journals An Insight into Chemistry and Structure of Colloidal 2D-WS2 Nanoflakes: Combined XPS and XRD Study

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1969
Author(s):  
Riccardo Scarfiello ◽  
Elisabetta Mazzotta ◽  
Davide Altamura ◽  
Concetta Nobile ◽  
Rosanna Mastria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Crystal Habit ◽  
Phase Identification ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Morphological Evaluation ◽  
Rational Understanding ◽  
Structural Inspection

The surface and structural characterization techniques of three atom-thick bi-dimensional 2D-WS2 colloidal nanocrystals cross the limit of bulk investigation, offering the possibility of simultaneous phase identification, structural-to-morphological evaluation, and surface chemical description. In the present study, we report a rational understanding based on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and structural inspection of two kinds of dimensionally controllable 2D-WS2 colloidal nanoflakes (NFLs) generated with a surfactant assisted non-hydrolytic route. The qualitative and quantitative determination of 1T’ and 2H phases based on W 4f XPS signal components, together with the presence of two kinds of sulfur ions, S22− and S2−, based on S 2p signal and related to the formation of WS2 and WOxSy in a mixed oxygen-sulfur environment, are carefully reported and discussed for both nanocrystals breeds. The XPS results are used as an input for detailed X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis allowing for a clear discrimination of NFLs crystal habit, and an estimation of the exact number of atomic monolayers composing the 2D-WS2 nanocrystalline samples.

scholarly journals Effect of Molybdenum Content on the Corrosion and Microstructure of Low-Ni, Co-Free Maraging Steels

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 852
Author(s):  
Asiful H. Seikh ◽  
Hossam Halfa ◽  
Mahmoud S. Soliman
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Alloying Element ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Maraging Steels ◽  
Eds Analysis ◽  
Electroslag Refining

Molybdenum (Mo) is an important alloying element in maraging steels. In this study, we altered the Mo concentration during the production of four cobalt-free maraging steels using an electroslag refining process. The microstructure of the four forged maraging steels was evaluated to examine phase contents by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Additionally, we assessed the corrosion resistance of the newly developed alloys in 3.5% NaCl solution and 1 M H2SO4 solution through potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. Furthermore, we performed SEM and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis after corrosion to assess changes in microstructure and Raman spectroscopy to identify the presence of phases on the electrode surface. The microstructural analysis shows that the formation of retained austenite increases with increasing Mo concentrations. It is found from corrosion study that increasing Mo concentration up to 4.6% increased the corrosion resistance of the steel. However, further increase in Mo concentration reduces the corrosion resistance.

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