Physical Properties and Microstructures of Ceramics Fabricated from Mae Moh Lignite Bottom Ash

2019 ◽  
Vol 801 ◽  
pp. 292-297
Author(s):  
Pat Sooksaen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Densification Behavior ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Mae Moh

Mae Moh lignite bottom ash was utilized as the main component in the fabrication of lightweight ceramic formulations. The amount of 50-80 wt.% bottom ash was successfully utilized to produce ceramics at sintering temperatures between 900 and 1200°C. Waste glass was used as a flux for the sintering process. Bottom ash was carefully sieved into three different particle sizes; small, medium and large. The different particle sizes were used in the ceramic fabrication to investigate for the densification behavior. Overall, porosity and water absorption of the fabricated ceramics decreased with increasing sintering temperature. Sintering at 1125°C resulted in the most densified ceramics which retained good physical appearance without sample distortion or melting.

scholarly journals Pressureless Sintering of YIG Ceramics from Coprecipitated Nanopowders

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Yimin Yang ◽  
Xiaoying Li ◽  
Ziyu Liu ◽  
Dianjun Hu ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Coprecipitation Method ◽  
Pressureless Sintering ◽  
Densification Behavior ◽  
Sintering Process

Nanoparticles prepared by the coprecipitation method were used as raw materials to fabricate Y3Fe5O12 (YIG) ceramics by air pressureless sintering. The synthesized YIG precursor was calcinated at 900–1100 °C for 4 h in air. The influences of the calcination temperature on the phase and morphology of the nanopowders were investigated in detail. The powders calcined at 1000–1100 °C retained the pure YIG phase. YIG ceramics were fabricated by sintering at 1200–1400 °C for 10 h, and its densification behavior was studied. YIG ceramics prepared by air sintering at 1250 °C from powders calcinated at 1000 °C have the highest in-line transmittance in the range of 1000-3000 nm. When the sintering temperature exceeds 1300 °C, the secondary phase appears in the YIG ceramics, which may be due to the loss of oxygen during the high-temperature sintering process, resulting in the conversion of Fe3+ into Fe2+.

Influence of Addition of Waste Glass as a Fluxing Agent on the Bloating Phenomenon of Artificial Aggregates Fabricated from Coal Bottom Ash

2012 ◽  
Vol 724 ◽  
pp. 455-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Gu Kang ◽  
Si Nae Jo ◽  
Gi Gang Lee
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Thermal Power Plant ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
Dredged Soil ◽  
Black Core ◽  
Fluxing Agent ◽  
Sintering Method

The artificial aggregates (AAs) were manufactured from the parent batch powders consisting of bottom ash produced at thermal power plant and dredged soil by direct sintering method at 1050~1200°C for 10min. The bloating phenomenon could be occurred in AAs due to a gas-capturing caused by large quantity of liquid formed at the specimen surface. Increasing the amount of the Na2O added enlarged the area of black core and size of the macro pores in the aggregates. The inside black core got out of the surface of the specimens sintered at 1200°C showing the rugged and cracked surface, but this morphology did not cause a water absorption to increase.

Effect of Sintering Temperature on the Properties of Sludge Ceramics and Fly-Ash Ceramics

2010 ◽  
Vol 150-151 ◽  
pp. 1068-1072
Author(s):  
Min Yue ◽  
Qin Yan Yue ◽  
Yuan Feng Qi
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Control Factor ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Sintering Mechanism ◽  
Starting Point

The object of this study is to investigate the sintering mechanism of lightweight ceramic by different sintering temperature. The raw materials were sewage sludge and fly-ash, and clay was added as cementing agents (by ratio of 50wt% in each sample). The raw materials were mixed and pressed into raw pellets. After drying and preheating treatment, the raw pellets were sintered at temperatures ranging from 1050 to 1150 , in 25 increments for 10min. The physical properties (bulk density, grain density, water absorption and rate of expansion) were the indexes used to determine the technical parameters for the preparation of lightweight ceramic pellets and investigate the sintering mechanism of bloating. The results suggested that temperature was the key control factor of sintering process, and 1150 was the starting point of bloating reaction. Observation of the microstructure by SEM indicated that a higher flux content in the raw materials could lower the melt point during sintering process.

scholarly journals Structural Evolution of Silicon Carbide Nanopowders during the Sintering Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Galina Volkova ◽  
Oleksandr Doroshkevych ◽  
Artem Shylo ◽  
Tetyana Zelenyak ◽  
Valeriy Burkhovetskiy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Anomalous Diffusion ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Temperature Evolution ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Temperature Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship

Processes of sintering of silicon carbide nanopowder were investigated. Values of density (ρ=3.17 g/cm3) and strength (σ=450 MPa) were obtained. Within the theory of dispersed systems, the temperature evolution of the materials structure was considered. The relationship between sintering temperature, characteristics of crystal structure and physical properties, in particular, density, and strength of aforementioned ceramics was established. It was concluded that it is necessary to suppress the anomalous diffusion at temperatures above 2080°C.

Densification Behavior and Pores Evolution of Selective Laser Sintering Parts during Post Microwave Sintering Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 306-307 ◽  
pp. 481-484
Author(s):  
Shao Jiang Lin ◽  
Sai Yu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Microwave Sintering ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Sintered Sample ◽  
Laser Sintering ◽  
Initial Porosity ◽  
Densification Behavior ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Final Density ◽  
Low Sintering Temperature

This work compared the densification behavior and pores evolution of two kinds of samples (15% and 35% initial porosity stainless steels parts) prepared by selective laser sintering. The results show that post microwave sintering process results in an increase of the density of sample. At the low sintering temperature (1200°C, 1300°C), the low porosity can lead to high density in the final sintered sample. As the sintering temperature reaches 1400°C, however, the sample with 35% initial porosity could be sintered to the higher final density than that of the sample with 15% initial porosity. The results also indicate that the initial porosity has a great effect on the number of pores, pore size, pore shape and the distribution of pores during post sintering process.

Properties and Sintering Mechanism of Lightweight Sludge-Flyash-Clay Ceramics

2011 ◽  
Vol 383-390 ◽  
pp. 3346-3351
Author(s):  
Min Yue ◽  
Qin Yan Yue ◽  
Yuan Feng Qi ◽  
Bao Yu Gao ◽  
Hui Yu
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Control Factor ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Clay Ceramics

This study investigated the properties of lightweight sludge-flyash-clay ceramic by different sintering temperature. Different ratios of dry sewage sludge and fly ash with 50 wt% of clay were mixed and pressed into raw pellets. After drying and preheating treatment, the raw pellets were sintered at temperatures ranging from 1050 to 1150 °C, in 25 °C increments for 10 min. The physical properties (bulk density, grain density, water absorption and rate of expansion) were the indexes used to determine the technical parameters for the preparation of lightweight sludge-fly ash ceramic pellets. The results suggested that temperature was the key control factor of sintering process, and 1150 °C was the starting point of the bloating reaction. In the case of a small fraction in the raw material configuration, the mass ratios of sludge to fly-ash had little effect on the properties.

scholarly journals Physical properties and water absorption kinetics of three varieties of Mucuna beans

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajibola B. Oyedeji ◽  
Olajide P. Sobukola ◽  
Ezekiel Green ◽  
Oluwafemi A. Adebo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Activation Energies ◽  
Mucuna Pruriens ◽  
Absorption Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Soaking Temperature

AbstractThe physical properties and water absorption kinetics of three varieties of Mucuna beans (Mucuna pruriens, Mucuna rajada and Mucuna veracruz) were determined in this study. Physical properties including length, width, thickness, geometric mean diameter, sphericity, porosity, bulk density, area, volume and one thousand seed mass were calculated while hydration kinetics was studied by soaking Mucuna beans in water at 30 °C, 40 °C and 50 °C and measuring water uptake at 9 h interval. Peleg’s equation was used to model the hydration characteristics and Arrhenius equation was used to describe the effect of temperature on Peleg’s rate constant k1 and to obtain the activation energies for soaking. Significant variations were observed in almost all the physical properties of the different varieties, however, there were no significant differences (p < 0.05) in their thicknesses and bulk densities. The effectiveness of fit of Peleg’s model (R2) increased with increase in soaking temperature. Peleg’s rate constant k1 decreased with increase in soaking temperature while k2 increased with temperature increase. Activation energies of Mucuna pruriens, Mucuna rajada and Mucuna veracruz were 1613.24 kJ/mol, 747.95 kJ/mol and 2743.64 kJ/mol, respectively. This study provides useful information about the properties of three varieties of Mucuna beans that could be of importance to processors and engineers for process design and optimization.

scholarly journals The Influence of Sewage Sludge Content and Sintering Temperature on Selected Properties of Lightweight Expanded Clay Aggregate

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3363
Author(s):  
Jolanta Latosińska ◽  
Maria Żygadło ◽  
Przemysław Czapik
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Apparent Density ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Closed Porosity ◽  
Specific Density ◽  
Sustainability Principles

Wastewater treatment processes produce sewage sludge (SS), which, in line with environmental sustainability principles, can be a valuable source of matter in the production of lightweight expanded clay aggregate (LECA). The literature on the influence of SS content and sintering temperature on the properties of LECA is scarce. This paper aims to statistically evaluate the effects of SS content and sintering temperature on LECA physical properties. Total porosity, pore volume, and apparent density were determined with the use of a density analyzer. A helium pycnometer was utilized to determine the specific density. Closed porosity was calculated. The test results demonstrated a statistically significant influence of the SS content on the specific density and water absorption of LECA. The sintering temperature had a significant effect on the specific density, apparent density, total porosity, closed porosity, total volume of pores, and water absorption. It was proved that a broad range of the SS content is admissible in the raw material mass for the production of LECA.

scholarly journals Microwave Sintering and Microwave Dielectric Properties of (1–x)Ca0.61La0.26TiO3-xNd(Mg0.5Ti0.5)O3 Ceramics

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 438
Author(s):  
Shuwei Yang ◽  
Bingliang Liang ◽  
Changhong Liu ◽  
Jin Liu ◽  
Caisheng Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Microwave Sintering ◽  
Microwave Dielectric Properties ◽  
Conventional Heating ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Microwave Dielectric ◽  
Sintering Time ◽  
Frequency Temperature

The (1–x)Ca0.61La0.26TiO3-xNd(Mg0.5Ti0.5)O3 [(1–x)CLT-xNMT, x = 0.35~0.60] ceramics were prepared via microwave sintering. The effects of sintering temperature and composition on the phase formation, microstructure, and microwave dielectric properties were investigated. The results show that the microwave sintering process requires a lower sintering temperature and shorter sintering time of (1–x)CLT-xNMT ceramics than conventional heating methods. All of the (1–x)CLT-xNMT ceramics possess a single perovskite structure. With the increase of x, the dielectric constant (ε) shows a downward trend; the quality factor (Qf) drops first and then rises significantly; the resonance frequency temperature coefficient (τf) keeps decreasing. With excellent microwave dielectric properties (ε = 51.3, Qf = 13,852 GHz, τf = −1.9 × 10−6/°C), the 0.65CLT-0.35NMT ceramic can be applied to the field of mobile communications.

scholarly journals Applying Mixture of Municipal Incinerator Bottom Ash and Sewage Sludge Ash for Ceramic Tile Manufacturing

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 3863
Author(s):  
Deng-Fong Lin ◽  
Wei-Jhu Wang ◽  
Chia-Wen Chen ◽  
Kuo-Liang Lin
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Ceramic Tile ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Sewage Sludge Ash ◽  
Kiln Temperature ◽  
Sludge Ash

Municipal incinerator bottom ash (MIBA) and sewage sludge ash (SSA) are secondary wastes produced from municipal incinerators. Landfills, disposal at sea, and agricultural use have been the major outlets for these secondary wastes. As global emphasis on sustainability arises, many have called for an increasing reuse of waste materials as valuable resources. In this study, MIBA and SSA were mixed with clay for ceramic tile manufacturing in this study. Raw materials firstly went through TCLP (Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure) to ensure their feasibility for reuse. From scanning electron microscopy (SEM), clay’s smooth surface was contrasted with the porous surface of MIBA and SSA, which led to a higher water requirement for the mixing. Specimens with five MIBA mix percentages of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% (wt) and three SSA mix percentages of 0%, 10%, and 20% (wt) were made to compare how the two waste materials affected the quality of the final product and to what extent. Shrinkage tests showed that MIBA and SSA contributed oppositely to tile shrinkage, as more MIBA reduced tile shrinkage, while more SSA encouraged tile shrinkage. However, as the kiln temperature reached 1150 °C, the SiO2-rich SSA adversely reduced the shrinkage due to the glass phase that formed to expand the tile instead. Both MIBA and SSA increased water tile absorption and reduced its bending strength and wear resistance. Increasing the kiln temperature could effectively improve the water absorption, bending strength, and wear resistance of high MIBA and SSA mixes, as SEM showed a more compact structure at higher temperatures. However, when the temperature reached 1100 °C, more pores appeared and seemingly exhausted the benefit brought by the higher temperature. Complex interactions between kiln temperature and MIBA/SSA mix percentage bring unpredictable performance of tile shrinkage, bending strength, and water absorption, which makes it very challenging to create a sample meeting all the specification requirements. We conclude that a mix with up to 20% of SSA and 5% of MIBA could result in quality tiles meeting the requirements for interior or exterior flooring applications when the kiln temperature is carefully controlled.

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