Strength, Durability and Degradation Properties of Bioplates Produced from Durian Seed Mixed with Poly(Lactic Acid)

2020 ◽  
Vol 858 ◽  
pp. 157-162
Author(s):  
Naruebodee Srisang ◽  
Siriwan Srisang
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Production Condition ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
High Tensile Strength ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Degradation Properties ◽  
Durian Seed

In this study, durian seed was used to mix with poly (lactic acid), PLA for bioplates production. Durian seeds were prepared to peel off the brown skin on durian seed and then were dried. It was called brown skin durian (BSD). BSD was reduced the size below 1 mm. The mixtures between BSD and PLA were varied at 10:90, 20:80, 30:70 g/g. All mixtures were compressed into bioplates mold with varying the temperature at 90, 110, and 130 °C and the pressure at 2.0, 2.7, and 3.4 MN/m2. Bioplates sample were also investigated the properties in term of water absorption, tensile strength, and degradation. Results showed that the optimal mixture between BSD and PLA was 30:70 g/g and the suitable production condition presented the temperature and pressure at 130 °C and 3.4 MN/m2, respectively. These conditions provided low water absorption, high tensile strength and provided the proper degradation within 7 days. Hence, agricultural waste (durian seed) can be combined with PLA to produce the bio-container as bioplates which presented the potential to use in waste management.

Tensile and water absorption properties of solvent cast biofilms of sugarcane leaves fibre-filled poly(lactic) acid

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuhananthan Nanthakumar ◽  
Chan Ming Yeng ◽  
Koay Seong Chun
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Bleaching Treatment

This research covers the preparation of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/sugarcane leaves fibre (SLF) biofilms via a solvent-casting method. The results showed that the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of PLA/SLF biofilms increased with the increasing of SLF content. Nevertheless, the elongation at break showed an opposite trend as compared to tensile strength and Young’s modulus of biofilms. Moreover, water absorption properties of PLA/SLF biofilms increased with the increasing of SLF content. In contrast, the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of biofilms were enhanced after bleaching treatment with hydrogen peroxide on SLF, but the elongation at break and water absorption properties of bleached biofilms were reduced due to the improvement of filler–matrix adhesion in biofilms. The tensile and water properties were further discussed using B-factor and Fick’s law, respectively. Furthermore, the functional groups of unbleached and bleached SLF were characterized by Fourier transform infrared analysis.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Poly (lactic acid) Composites Reinforced with CaCO3 Eggshell Based Fillers

MRS Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (47) ◽  
pp. 2545-2550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas G. Betancourt ◽  
Duncan E. Cree
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Filler Content ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
Filler Loading ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Particle Sizes

ABSTRACTPoly (lactic acid) (PLA) bioplastics are recyclable and biodegradable thermoplastics. They are derived from environmentally friendly sources such as potatoes, cornstarch and sugarcane. However, PLA is inherently brittle with low impact strength. The goal of this study is to improve mechanical properties of PLA by the addition of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) fillers. PLA composites were prepared by injection molding conventional limestone (LS) and white chicken eggshell (WES) powders with particle sizes of 63 μm and 32 μm in amounts of 5 wt. %, 10 wt. % and 20 wt. %. Mechanical properties such as, tensile strength, tensile modulus, and Charpy impact strengths were investigated. These three properties were evaluated and the results statistically analyzed using ANOVA F-test. For both particle sizes, the tensile strength decreased as the filler content increased, but was highest for a filler loading of 5 wt. %. In general, the 32 μm powder fillers had better tensile strengths than 63 μm sized fillers. The tensile modulus increased with filler content and was highest at 20 wt. % for both particle sizes. The LS/PLA composites had better toughness than the WES/PLA composites. The particle filler morphology and fractured surfaces were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and determined to have well dispersed particles with smooth fractured surfaces. Water absorption behavior of PLA/CaCO3 composites were studied by immersion in distilled water at room temperature for 56 days. Virgin PLA absorbed the least amount of water while the water absorption of CaCO3 composites were a function of powder type and content.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Interfacial Modifiers on the Properties of Digital Printing Waste Paper Fiber/Nano-Crystalline Cellulose/Poly (Lactic Acid) Composites*

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
xiaolin zhang ◽  
Jingjing Di ◽  
Jia Li ◽  
Shaoge Li ◽  
Jingting Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Waste Paper ◽  
Digital Printing ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Crystalline Cellulose ◽  
Nano Crystalline ◽  
Degradation Properties ◽  
Properties Of Composites

Abstract Digital printing waste paper fiber/nano-crystalline cellulose/poly (lactic acid) (DPF/NCC/PLA) composites, modified through γ-methacryloxy propyl trimethoxy silane (KH570), isopropyl tri (dioctylpyrophosphate) titanate (TMC201), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), and a composite silane coupling agent (KH570/PEG6000), were fabricated by melt blending and injection molding and the effects of different modifiers on the properties of composites were studied. Results showed that mechanical properties of the modified composites generally improved, and the best mechanical properties, including flexural, tensile and impact strength, were achieved PEG6000, KH570/PEG6000, and KH570 modification, respectively. Thermal performance analysis showed improved thermal properties of composites treated by KH570, but the crystallinity of the modified materials was increased. Both water absorption and degradation properties showed a decreasing trend, and water absorption performance was obviously improved after KH570/PEG6000 modification. Under the action of several modifiers, the diffusion coefficient, thermodynamic solubility and permeability of composites were reduced to varying degrees. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated that interfacial adhesion and composite compatibility were improved with significantly fewer and smaller pores, as well as a fuzzy boundary among the three phases.

Effect of Polyethylene Glycol in Nanocellulose/PLA Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 821 ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
Wanasorn Somphol ◽  
Thipjak Na Lampang ◽  
Paweena Prapainainar ◽  
Pongdhorn Sae-Oui ◽  
Surapich Loykulnant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Solvent Casting ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Mediated Oxidation

Poly (lactic acid) or PLA was reinforced by nanocellulose and polyethylene glycol (PEG), which were introduced into PLA matrix from 0 to 3 wt.% to enhance compatibility and strength of the PLA. The nanocellulose was prepared by TEMPO-mediated oxidation from microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) powder and characterized by TEM, AFM, and XRD to reveal rod-like shaped nanocellulose with nanosized dimensions, high aspect ratio and high crystallinity. Films of nanocellulose/PEG/PLA nanocomposites were prepared by solvent casting method to evaluate the mechanical performance. It was found that the addition of PEG in nanocellulose-containing PLA films resulted in an increase in tensile modulus with only 1 wt% of PEG, where higher PEG concentrations negatively impacted the tensile strength. Furthermore, the tensile strength and modulus of nanocellulose/PEG/PLA nanocomposites were higher than the PLA/PEG composites due to the existence of nanocellulose chains. Visual traces of crazing were detailed to describe the deformation mechanism.

scholarly journals Biocomposites of Epoxidized Natural Rubber/Poly(lactic acid) Modified with Natural Fillers (Part I)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 3150
Author(s):  
Anna Masek ◽  
Stefan Cichosz ◽  
Małgorzata Piotrowska
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Epoxidized Natural Rubber ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Uv Aging ◽  
High Elasticity ◽  
Natural Fillers ◽  
Natural Additives

The study aimed to prepare sustainable and degradable elastic blends of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) with poly(lactic acid) (PLA) that were reinforced with flax fiber (FF) and montmorillonite (MMT), simultaneously filling the gap in the literature regarding the PLA-containing polymer blends filled with natural additives. The performed study reveals that FF incorporation into ENR/PLA blend may cause a significant improvement in tensile strength from (10 ± 1) MPa for the reference material to (19 ± 2) MPa for the fibers-filled blend. Additionally, it was found that MMT employment in the role of the filler might contribute to ENR/PLA plasticization and considerably promote the blend elongation up to 600%. This proves the successful creation of the unique and eco-friendly PLA-containing polymer blend exhibiting high elasticity. Moreover, thanks to the performed accelerated thermo-oxidative and ultraviolet (UV) aging, it was established that MMT incorporation may delay the degradation of ENR/PLA blends under the abovementioned conditions. Additionally, mold tests revealed that plant-derived fiber addition might highly enhance the ENR/PLA blend’s biodeterioration potential enabling faster and more efficient growth of microorganisms. Therefore, materials presented in this research may become competitive and eco-friendly alternatives to commonly utilized petro-based polymeric products.

scholarly journals Bonding Wood Veneer with Biobased Poly(Lactic Acid) Thermoplastic Polyesters: Potential Applications for Consolidated Wood Veneer and Overlay Products

Fibers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Warren J. Grigsby ◽  
Arpit Puri ◽  
Marc Gaugler ◽  
Jan Lüedtke ◽  
Andreas Krause
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Wood Veneer ◽  
Pressing Temperature ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Laminated Panels

This study reports on the use of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) as a renewable thermoplastic adhesive for laminated panels using birch, spruce, and pine veneers. Consolidated panels were prepared from veneer and PLA foils by hot-pressing from 140 to 180 °C to achieve minimum bondline temperatures. Evaluation of panel properties revealed that the PLA-bonded panels met minimum tensile strength and internal bond strength performance criteria. However, the adhesion interface which developed within individual bondlines varied with distinctions between hardwood and softwood species and PLA grades. Birch samples developed greater bondline strength with a higher pressing temperature using semi-crystalline PLA, whereas higher temperatures produced a poorer performance with the use of amorphous PLA. Panels formed with spruce or pine veneers had lower bondline performance and were also similarly distinguished by their pressing temperature and PLA grade. Furthermore, the potential for PLA-bonded laminated panels was demonstrated by cold water soak testing. Samples exhibiting relatively greater bondline adhesion had wet tensile strength values comparable to those tested in dry state. Our study outcomes suggest the potential for PLA bonding of veneers and panel overlays with the added benefits of being renewable and a no added formaldehyde system.

Mechanical Properties of P34HB/PLA Binary Blendsafter Thermal-Oxidative and Hydrothermal Aging

2013 ◽  
Vol 647 ◽  
pp. 798-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Can Xi ◽  
Hong Mei Kang ◽  
Hua Li ◽  
He Zhou Liu ◽  
Wei Jie Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Hydrothermal Aging ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Lower Ratio

Binary blendscomposed of polyhrdroxyalkanoates (P34HB) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) with various P34HB weight percentage were preparedby extrusion and compressing molding.Both the thermo-oxidative agingat 80°Cand the hydrothermal aging at 80°C with 80% humidity were performed for 300 h for the P34HB/PLA blends respectively.The mechanical properties of tensile strength and elongation-at-breakrevealed that P34HB/PLA blends possessedthe balanced mechanical properties between P34HB and PLA,theblends with higher ratio of P34HBshowed thedeteriorative mechanical behavior in the aging environment faster than thoseblends with lower ratio of P34HB.

scholarly journals Multifunctional PLA Blends Containing Chitosan Mediated Silver Nanoparticles: Thermal, Mechanical, Antibacterial, and Degradation Properties

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agueda Sonseca ◽  
Salim Madani ◽  
Gema Rodríguez ◽  
Víctor Hevilla ◽  
Coro Echeverría ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Crystallization Rate ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Degradation Properties

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is one of the most commonly employed synthetic biopolymers for facing plastic waste problems. Despite its numerous strengths, its inherent brittleness, low toughness, and thermal stability, as well as a relatively slow crystallization rate represent some limiting properties when packaging is its final intended application. In the present work, silver nanoparticles obtained from a facile and green synthesis method, mediated with chitosan as a reducing and stabilizing agent, have been introduced in the oligomeric lactic acid (OLA) plasticized PLA in order to obtain nanocomposites with enhanced properties to find potential application as antibacterial food packaging materials. In this way, the green character of the matrix and plasticizer was preserved by using an eco-friendly synthesis protocol of the nanofiller. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results proved the modification of the crystalline structure as well as the crystallinity of the pristine matrix when chitosan mediated silver nanoparticles (AgCH-NPs) were present. The final effect over the thermal stability, mechanical properties, degradation under composting conditions, and antimicrobial behavior when AgCH-NPs were added to the neat plasticized PLA matrix was also investigated. The obtained results revealed interesting properties of the final nanocomposites to be applied as materials for the targeted application.

Modeling and predicting the tensile strength of poly (lactic acid)/graphene nanocomposites by using support vector regression

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1650052
Author(s):  
W. D. Cheng ◽  
C. Z. Cai ◽  
Y. Luo ◽  
Y. H. Li ◽  
C. J. Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Support Vector Regression ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Graphene Nanocomposites ◽  
Absolute Percentage Error ◽  
Rsm Model

According to an experimental dataset under different process parameters, support vector regression (SVR) combined with particle swarm optimization (PSO) for its parameter optimization was employed to establish a mathematical model for prediction of the tensile strength of poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/graphene nanocomposites. Four variables, while graphene loading, temperature, time and speed, were employed as input variables, while tensile strength acted as output variable. Using leave-one-out cross validation test of 30 samples, the maximum absolute percentage error does not exceed 1.5%, the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) is only 0.295% and the correlation coefficient [Formula: see text] is as high as 0.99. Compared with the results of response surface methodology (RSM) model, it is shown that the estimated errors by SVR are smaller than those achieved by RSM. It revealed that the generalization ability of SVR is superior to that of RSM model. Meanwhile, multifactor analysis is adopted for investigation on significances of each experimental factor and their influences on the tensile strength of PLA/graphene nanocomposites. This study suggests that the SVR model can provide important theoretical and practical guide to design the experiment, and control the intensity of the tensile strength of PLA/graphene nanocomposites via rational process parameters.

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