Changes in the Microhardness and Young's Modulus in 2 MeV C+ Ion-Irradiated IG-110 Nuclear Graphite

2005 ◽  
Vol 475-479 ◽  
pp. 1471-1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Se Hwan Chi ◽  
Gen-Chan Kim ◽  
Jun Hwa Hong ◽  
Sang Chul Kwon ◽  
Jong Hwa Chang
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Indentation Depth ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Microhardness Test ◽  
Surface Distortion ◽  
Nuclear Graphite

The changes in the microhardness and Young’s modulus of the 2 MeV C+ ion–irradiated IG-110 isotropic nuclear graphite were evaluated by a dynamic ultra-microhardness test. Indentation depth and load dependency of the hardness and elastic modulus were observed possibly due to the formation of a range. Both the hardness and Young’s modulus (E) – dpa curves have shown an incubation dose for about ı 0.3 mdpa. After the incubation dose, both the hardness and E showed a rapid increase with the dose. The doses that corresponds to these rapid increases in the hardness and E coincides with the dose that corresponds to the beginning of the irradiationinduced surface distortion, and the loss of the graphite crystallinity (amorphization).

Residual Properties of the Drawn Steel Wires for Damage-Based Fretting Fatigue Models of the Wire Ropes

2020 ◽  
Vol 1010 ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Maslinda Kamarudin ◽  
Zaini Ahmad ◽  
Mohd Nasir Tamin
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Fretting Fatigue ◽  
Wire Ropes ◽  
Residual Properties ◽  
Steel Wires

This paper presents the residual properties and parameters of the damage-based fatigue life prediction models of the steel wire ropes under fretting fatigue conditions. The damage mechanics-based approach is employed to develop the predictive method for the reliability of the steel wire ropes. The elastic modulus is dependent on the fatigue load condition and the accumulated number of the load cycles. The characteristic degradation of the Young’s modulus of drawn steel wires is established through the phenomenological presentation of the interrupted fatigue test data. The samples are given a quasi-static loading followed by a block cyclic loading with various stress amplitudes and ratios. The residual Young’s modulus is calculated after each block of cycles. The effect of the different loading condition with the amplitude and mean stress on the measured fatigue life of a single wire is presented using the life parameter, χ. The residual Young’s modulus data are presented in terms of normalized quantities. Significant reduction in the elastic modulus due to fatigue is exhibited after enduring 70% of the fatigue life of the material. The fitting constants are obtained, and the fitted equation is used to describe the degradation of Young’s modulus at N number of cycles. Subsequently, the data can be applied to predict the fatigue-life of steel wire ropes and assess its reliability through fretting-induced damage models.

Possible Artefacts in Measurement of Hardness and Elastic Modulus on Superhard Coatings and the Verification of the Correctness of the Data

2002 ◽  
Vol 750 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Veprek ◽  
S. Mukherjee ◽  
P. Karvankova ◽  
H.-D. Männling ◽  
J. L. He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Indentation Depth ◽  
Brillouin Scattering ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Linear Extrapolation ◽  
Depth Sensing ◽  
Vibrating Reed ◽  
Superhard Coatings ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACTMeasurements of the hardness and Young's modulus of superhard coatings (HV≥40 GPa) by means of automated load-depth-sensing indentation technique can be subject to a number of errors that are discussed and exemplified here. Only load-independent values of hardness for loads larger than 30–50 mN can be considered reliable when the technique of Doerner and Nix (linear extrapolation of the unloading curve) is used to determine the corrected indentation depth. The results are compared with values of Vickers hardness calculated from the contact area of the remaining plastic deformation which was measured by means of calibrated scanning electron microscope. The values of Young's modulus obtained from the indentation are close to the zero-pressure shear modulus of the coatings as measured by means of Vibrating Reed and surface Brillouin scattering techniques.

Hardness and Elastic Modulus Measurements in CdTe and ZnTe Thin Film and Bulk Samples and ZnTe-CdTe Superlattices

1988 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Farthing ◽  
T. P. Weihs ◽  
D. W. Kisker ◽  
J. J. Krajewski ◽  
M. F. Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Superlattice Structure ◽  
Alloying Effects

AbstractHardness and modulus values of bulk and epilayer ZnTe and CdTe samples and of ZnTe-CdTe superlattices are reported. Both hardness and Young's modulus values increase with increasing ZnTe content in the ZnCdTe samples. Alloying effects and strains in the superlattice structure are proposed to explain the strengthening.

scholarly journals Theoretical and experimental investigation of MWCNT dispersion effect on the elastic modulus of flexible PDMS/MWCNT nanocomposites

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
Pardis Ghahramani ◽  
Kamran Behdinan ◽  
Rasool Moradi-Dastjerdi ◽  
Hani E. Naguib
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Displacement Mode ◽  
Theoretical Predictions

Abstract In this article, Young’s modulus of a flexible piezoresistive nanocomposite made of a certain amount of multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) contents dispersed in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has been investigated using theoretical and experimental approaches. The PDMS/MWCNT nanocomposites with the governing factor of MWCNT weight fraction (e.g., 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 wt%) were synthesized by the solution casting fabrication method. The nanocomposite samples were subjected to a standard compression test to measure their elastic modulus using Instron Universal testing machine under force control displacement mode. Due to the costs and limitations of experimental tests, theoretical predictions on the elasticity modulus of such flexible nanocomposites have also been performed using Eshelby–Mori–Tanaka (EMT) and Halpin–Tsai (HT) approaches. The theoretical results showed that HT’s approach at lower MWCNT contents and EMT’s approach at higher MWCNT contents have a better agreement to experimental results in predicting the elastic modulus of PDMS/MWCNT nanocomposites. The experimental results indicated that the inclusion of MWCNT in the PDMS matrix resulted in a noticeable improvement in Young’s modulus of PDMS/MWCNT nanocomposite at small values of MWCNT contents (up to w f = 0.25%); however, exceeding this nanofiller content did not elevate Young’s modulus due to the emergence of MWCNT agglomerations in the nanocomposite structure.

Young’s Modulus Measurement of Electroplated Nickel Using AFM

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Hyun Kim ◽  
James G. Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Beam Theory ◽  
Spring Constant ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Silicon Cantilever ◽  
Afm Cantilever

This paper addresses a relatively simple method of measuring Young's modulus of electroplated nickel using Atomic Force Microscope. Thin layer of nickel to be measured is electroplated onto the tip side of AFM silicon cantilever, whose Young's modulus and the geometric dimensions are defined from manufacturer. The resonant frequency and the quality factor of the electroplated AFM cantilever are measured by the tapping mode of AFM and its spring constant is calculated using Sader's method. The spring constant of the electroplated cantilever is also calculated by using the laminar composite beam theory. Comparing two spring constants, Young's modulus of the electroplated nickel is determined. The measured elastic modulus of nickel in each time step is in the range of between and the average elastic modulus is with relative uncertainty of less than 5%

Changes in the Microhardness and Young's Modulus in 2 MeV C+ Ion-Irradiated IG-110 Nuclear Graphite

2005 ◽  
pp. 1471-1474
Author(s):  
Se Hwan Chi ◽  
Gen-Chan Kim ◽  
Jun Hwa Hong ◽  
Sang Chul Kwon ◽  
Jong Hwa Chang
Keyword(s):  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Nuclear Graphite

Measuring the Elastic Modulus of Small Tissue Samples

1998 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.Q. Erkamp ◽  
P. Wiggins ◽  
A.R. Skovoroda ◽  
S.Y. Emelianov ◽  
M. O'Donnell
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Tissue Sample ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Limited Sample ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Small Tissue ◽  
Wide Range

Independent measurements of the elastic modulus (Young's modulus) of tissue are a necessary step in turning elasticity imaging into a clinical tool. A system capable of measuring the elastic modulus of small tissue samples was developed. The system tolerates the constraints of biological tissue, such as limited sample size (≤1.5 cm3) and imperfections in sample geometry. A known deformation is applied to the tissue sample while simultaneously measuring the resulting force. These measurements are then converted to an elastic modulus, where the conversion uses prior calibration of the system with plastisol samples of known Young's modulus. Accurate measurements have been obtained from 10 to 80 kPa, covering a wide range of tissue modulus values. In addition, the performance of the system was further investigated using finite element analysis. Finally, preliminary elasticity measurements on canine kidney samples are presented and discussed.

The effect of cross-linking on the elastic modulus of Polythene

1953 ◽  
Vol 218 (1133) ◽  
pp. 245-255 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Flexible Material ◽  
Very High

Young’s modulus for Polythene, cross-linked by pile irradiation, has been measured by both static and dynamic means. Below about 115°C (the usual melting-point) the modulus decreases with temperature. Above this temperature it increases again, in agreement with the theory of rubber-like elasticity, except for very high degrees of cross-linking, corresponding to a glass-like structure. The effect of radiation is both to produce cross-linking, and to destroy crystallinity. The latter effect predominates below about 4% cross-linking, and a more flexible material is obtained at room temperature. The observed elastic properties below 115°C are ascribed in part to the attraction of neighbouring chains; the activation energy required to break these attractive forces is estimated at about 0·25 eV.

Elastic Percolation in Nanocomposites with Impenetrable Ellipsoidal Inclusion (Comprehensive Study of Geometry and Interphase Thickness)

2016 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
pp. 1650055
Author(s):  
Ziba Gharehnazifam ◽  
Majid Baniassadi ◽  
Karen Abrinia ◽  
Morad Karimpour ◽  
Mostafa Baghani
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Monte Carlo Method ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposites ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Effective Elastic Modulus ◽  
The Monte Carlo Method ◽  
Inclusion Distribution ◽  
Comprehensive Study

In this paper, effects of percolation, shape, and interphase thickness of inclusions have been studied on the effective elastic modulus of polymer nanocomposites. Inclusion distribution within the RVE has been prescribed using the Monte Carlo method, and existence of a relationship between percolation and effective Young’s modulus has been investigated. Further studies were carried out to determine the effect of increased spherical, oblate, and prolate particles in conjunction with different interphase thicknesses. Results suggest that the elastic modulus increases with the interphase thickness, and the maximum strength is associated with prolate inclusions. It has been concluded that percolation has a significant effect on the strength of polymer nanocomposites, and that it results in a spike in the value of Young’s modulus.

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