Structure and Properties of Hybrid Polyurethane Composites with Carboxyalumoxanes

2008 ◽  
Vol 587-588 ◽  
pp. 212-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Jurczyk-Kowalska ◽  
Joanna Ryszkowska
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Mechanical Mixing ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Polyurethane Composites ◽  
Polyurethane Matrix

Carboxyalumoxanes have been incorporated into a polyurethane matrix by in situ polymerization. The filler was dispersed in the polyurethane matrix by either both ultrasonic and mechanical mixing or by mechanical mixing alone. The physico-mechanical properties of the composites have been characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Using ultrasound improves the degree of dispersion of the fillers in the matrix, but it also causes changes in the structure of the polyurethane matrix.

Fabrication of Two-Dimensional PEDOT:PSS Nanosheets Through In Situ Formed Complexes

NANO ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 1550011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Zhang ◽  
Shiren Wang
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Molecular Complexes ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Strong Interactions ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Ftir Characterization ◽  
Transmission Electron

This paper presents a simple and effective method to fabricate water-soluble two-dimensional (2D) conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly (sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) nanosheets. Linear PSS is water-soluble and exhibits a quasi 1D structure in the dilute solution. Addition of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) monomers into acidic solutions would form 2D molecular complexes due to charge attraction. In situ polymerization of the ethylenedioxythiophene monomers produces 2D poly EDOT nanosheets. Both transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy characterizations have confirmed the 2D polymeric nanosheets. Further Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) characterization also validated that the 2D nanosheet is composed of EDOT-based units and Raman spectroscopy indicated the strong interactions between ethylenedioxythiophene units in the 2D nanostructures. The electrical conductivity is measured to as high as 551.58 S/m for the thin film of as-produced 2D PEDOT:PSS nanosheets.

scholarly journals Visualization of Polymer Crystallization by In Situ Combination of Atomic Force Microscopy and Fast Scanning Calorimetry

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Evgeny Zhuravlev ◽  
René Androsch ◽  
Christoph Schick
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatments ◽  
Polyamide 66 ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Fast Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Ether Ether Ketone ◽  
Poly Ether Ether Ketone

A chip-based fast scanning calorimeter (FSC) is used as a fast hot-stage in an atomic force microscope (AFM). This way, the morphology of materials with a resolution from micrometers to nanometers after fast thermal treatments becomes accessible. An FSC can treat the sample isothermally or at heating and cooling rates up to 1 MK/s. The short response time of the FSC in the order of milliseconds enables rapid changes from scanning to isothermal modes and vice versa. Additionally, FSC provides crystallization/melting curves of the sample just imaged by AFM. We describe a combined AFM-FSC device, where the AFM sample holder is replaced by the FSC chip-sensor. The sample can be repeatedly annealed at pre-defined temperatures and times and the AFM images can be taken from exactly the same spot of the sample. The AFM-FSC combination is used for the investigation of crystallization of polyamide 66 (PA 66), poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK), poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL).

scholarly journals Application of Polyaniline for Flexible Semiconductors

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Ana-Maria Mocioiu ◽  
Ioan Albert Tudor ◽  
Oana Cătălina Mocioiu
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Structure Morphology ◽  
Polystyrene Sulfonic Acid ◽  
One Step ◽  
Polymerization Method

“In situ” polymerization method was used to develop PANI-PSSA /textile. Polyaniline doped with polystyrene sulfonic acid (PANI-PSSA) used as coatings for textiles were obtained by aqueous and emulsion route. The emulsion route uses chloroform as solvent. Polymerization has been achieved in one step on the wool or polyamide textiles. For coated and uncoated textiles, dried at room temperature, were characterized structurally by Infrared Spectroscopy with Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR), morphologically by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and electrically. The synthesis methods lead to differences in structure, morphology and properties of the coated polyamide and wool textiles.

scholarly journals An Insight into Amorphous Shear Band in Magnetorheological Solid by Atomic Force Microscope

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4384
Author(s):  
Mohd Aidy Faizal Johari ◽  
Asmawan Mohd Sarman ◽  
Saiful Amri Mazlan ◽  
Ubaidillah U ◽  
Nur Azmah Nordin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Relaxation ◽  
Shear Band ◽  
Shear Bands ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
Phase Imaging ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Relaxation Stress ◽  
Band Deformation

Micro mechanism consideration is critical for gaining a thorough understanding of amorphous shear band behavior in magnetorheological (MR) solids, particularly those with viscoelastic matrices. Heretofore, the characteristics of shear bands in terms of formation, physical evolution, and response to stress distribution at the localized region have gone largely unnoticed and unexplored. Notwithstanding these limitations, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been used to explore the nature of shear band deformation in MR materials during stress relaxation. Stress relaxation at a constant low strain of 0.01% and an oscillatory shear of defined test duration played a major role in the creation of the shear band. In this analysis, the localized area of the study defined shear bands as varying in size and dominantly deformed in the matrix with no evidence of inhibition by embedded carbonyl iron particles (CIPs). The association between the shear band and the adjacent zone was further studied using in-phase imaging of AFM tapping mode and demonstrated the presence of localized affected zone around the shear band. Taken together, the results provide important insights into the proposed shear band deformation zone (SBDZ). This study sheds a contemporary light on the contentious issue of amorphous shear band deformation behavior and makes several contributions to the current literature.

scholarly journals Ultrafine metal-polymer catalysts based on polyconjugated systems for Fisher–Tropsch synthesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 977-984
Author(s):  
Mayya V. Kulikova ◽  
Albert B. Kulikov ◽  
Alexey E. Kuz’min ◽  
Anton L. Maximov
Keyword(s):  
Tropsch Synthesis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Fischer Tropsch ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Composite Catalysts ◽  
Fe Catalyst ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
And Function ◽  
Metal Polymer

AbstractFor previously studied Fischer–Tropsch nanosized Fe catalyst slurries, polymer compounds with or without polyconjugating structures are used as precursors to form the catalyst nanomatrix in situ, and several catalytic experiments and X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy measurements are performed. The important and different roles of the paraffin molecules in the slurry medium in the formation and function of composite catalysts with the two types of aforementioned polymer matrices are revealed. In the case of the polyconjugated polymers, the alkanes in the medium are “weakly” coordinated with the metal-polymer composites, which does not affect the effectiveness of the polyconjugated polymers. Otherwise, alkane molecules form a “tight” surface layer around the composite particles, which create transport complications for the reagents and products of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and, in some cases, can change the course of the in situ catalyst formation.

Atomic force microscopy of in situ deformed nickel thin films

1999 ◽  
Vol 353 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 194-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Coupeau ◽  
J.F. Naud ◽  
F. Cleymand ◽  
P. Goudeau ◽  
J. Grilhé
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Nickel Thin Films ◽  
Atomic Force

scholarly journals Preparation, Thermal, and Thermo-Mechanical Characterization of Polymeric Blends Based on Di(meth)acrylate Monomers

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 878
Author(s):  
Krystyna Wnuczek ◽  
Andrzej Puszka ◽  
Łukasz Klapiszewski ◽  
Beata Podkościelna
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Polymeric Blends ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Acrylate Monomers ◽  
Synthesized Materials

This study presents the preparation and the thermo-mechanical characteristics of polymeric blends based on di(meth)acrylates monomers. Bisphenol A glycerolate diacrylate (BPA.GDA) or ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) were used as crosslinking monomers. Methyl methacrylate (MMA) was used as an active solvent in both copolymerization approaches. Commercial polycarbonate (PC) was used as a modifying soluble additive. The preparation of blends and method of polymerization by using UV initiator (Irqacure® 651) was proposed. Two parallel sets of MMA-based materials were obtained. The first included more harmless linear hydrocarbons (EGDMA + MMA), whereas the second included the usually used aromatic copolymers (BPA.GDA + MMA). The influence of different amounts of PC on the physicochemical properties was discussed in detail. Chemical structures of the copolymers were confirmed by attenuated total reflection–Fourier transform infrared (ATR/FT-IR) spectroscopy. Thermo-mechanical properties of the synthesized materials were investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric (TG/DTG) analyses, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The hardness of the obtained materials was also tested. In order to evaluate the surface of the materials, their images were obtained with the use of atomic force microscopy (AFM).

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