Micro, Nano and Ultranano-Crystalline Diamond Deposition

2014 ◽  
Vol 802 ◽  
pp. 168-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divani C. Barbosa ◽  
M.R. Baldan ◽  
V.J. Trava-Airoldi ◽  
Evaldo Jose Corat
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Peak Shift ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Diamond Deposition ◽  
Induced Stress ◽  
Deposition Parameters ◽  
Hot Filament ◽  
Scanning Electron

This is a comparative experimental study of the micro, nanoand ultranano-crystalline diamond deposition. The Hot Filament Chemical Vapor Deposition (HFCVD) reactor deposits the films using different deposition parameters. Scanning Electron Microscopy and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy let morphology inspection. Visible-Raman scattering loaded to estimating relative induced stress, by the graphite peak shift and associated with the defect incorporation and sp2bond enhancement. The x-ray diffraction confirmed the diamond crystallinity, where Scherrer ́s equations estimate crystallite size and diamond renucleation rates. In this work we propose a defect increasing relative graphite incorporation with the transition of micro, nanoto ultranano-crystalline diamond deposition. Besides this, we propose that this increase defects follows the increase diamond renucleation rates and decreases in the induced stress films. Included is a discussion of the possible reasons for these observations.

DIRECT OBSERVATION OF C3N4 SINGLE CRYSTAL BY SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 615-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
YAN CHEN ◽  
LIPING GUO ◽  
E.G. WANG
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
First Principles Calculations ◽  
Nickel Substrates ◽  
Hot Filament ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Good Agreement

We report the first experimental observation of C3N4 single crystals, which are about tens nanometers to several micrometers in length and hundreds nanometers in across, by scanning electron microscopy. The pure crystalline C-N solids with α- and β-phases were grown on nickel substrates by bias-assisted hot filament chemical vapor deposition (bias-HFCVD). Our experimental results are in very good agreement with recent first-principles calculations.

Time-Temperature Effect for Preparation of SnO2 Nanostructures Using Carbon Assisted

2014 ◽  
Vol 680 ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
Dheerachai Polsongkram ◽  
Pattanasuk Chamninok ◽  
Suchaowadee Changsakul ◽  
Atipong Sriputhorn ◽  
Supakorn Pukird
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Si Substrates ◽  
Xrd Techniques ◽  
Source Materials ◽  
Vapor Deposit ◽  
Scanning Electron

We studied the effect of time and temperature for preparation of SnO2 nanostructures by chemical vapor deposit methods. SnO2 nanostructures were synthesized using Sn powder with carbon charcoal as starting materials. The source materials and Si substrates were heated with various times, temperatures under atmosphere of nitrogen and oxygen. The synthesized products were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The results showed the nanostructures of prepared products were very uniformly of SnO2 nanowires with diameter about 100-300 nm and length around more 1-2 μm depending on times and temperatures.

Tribological Properties of CVD Diamond Films against Graphite

2016 ◽  
Vol 689 ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
Xue Cai Lei ◽  
Ke Pang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Diamond Films ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Cvd Diamond ◽  
Frictional Coefficients ◽  
Hot Filament ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this investigation, micro crystalline diamond (MCD) and nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) films are deposited on cemented carbide (WC-Co) balls by hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) technique. After deposition, MCD and NCD films are characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and Raman spectroscopy. Then frictional tests are carried out between CVD diamond coated balls and graphite. The results show that the MCD-graphite and NCD-graphite tribo-pairs exhibit comparable frictional coefficients, while the wear rate of graphite in MCD-graphite working pair is much higher than that of graphite in NCD-graphite working pair. Furthermore, the element oxygen is detected in the wear groove of graphite, suggesting the oxycarbide of working materials at the increased temperature due to the heat generated from the mechanical friction.

Selected Interlayer of Diamond Deposition on γ-TiAl Intermetallic Compounds Prepared by Microwave-Plasma Assisted CVD

2009 ◽  
Vol 631-632 ◽  
pp. 425-430
Author(s):  
Saleh B. Abu Suilik ◽  
Masayuki Ohshima ◽  
Toshimitsu Tetsui ◽  
Kazuhiro Hasezaki
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Microwave Plasma ◽  
Diamond Films ◽  
Diamond Coatings ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Diamond Deposition ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nano Crystalline ◽  
Scanning Electron

Several diamond coatings were performed on -TiAl substrates by a microwave-plasma assisted CVD, which were made directly to the substrate and indirectly to the TiC, Ti5Si3, Al2O3+TiO2 and Si layers on the substrate. The direct coatings suffered from severe delamination and cracks. The deposited layers on TiC and Ti5Si3 layers partially delaminated, while those on Al2O3+TiO2 and Si layers adhered well without delamination. All the diamond films deposited were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Raman spectra showed that poly- and nano-crystalline diamond films were obtained for the coatings of -TiAl.

Growth of Co-evaporated Cu(In,Ga)Se2 – The Influence of Rate Profiles on Film Morphology

2001 ◽  
Vol 668 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bodegård ◽  
J. Kessler ◽  
O. Lundberg ◽  
J. Schöldström ◽  
L. Stolt
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Film Morphology ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Deposition Parameters ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACTThe influence of the evaporation rate profiles on the microstructure of co-evaporated Cu(In,Ga)Se2, (CIGS), is discussed. The influence of Cu excess in the beginning of the CIGS growth has been investigated. In addition, the Ga rate has been varied in order to create bandgap grading in the CIGS film. By studying CIS and CGS films separately and as CGS/CIS stacks results on interdiffusion of In and Ga interdiffusion have been obtained. The resulting thin films are investigated mainly using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). Solar cell devices were prepared and IV measurements performed on samples with varying CIGS deposition parameters.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Antimony Sulphoiodide by CVD and its Characterization

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 111-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harish K. Dubey ◽  
L. P. Deshmukh ◽  
D. E. Kshirsagar ◽  
Vijay S. Jadhav ◽  
Madhuri Sharon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Chemical Society ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Group V ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Methods Of Synthesis ◽  
Scanning Electron

Antimony Sulphoiodide is most widely studied compound in group V-VI-VII family due to its largenumber of properties. Varoius methods of synthesis have been reported. We are the first to reportsynthesis of shiny SbSI crystals by the Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) technique using powder ofAntimony, Sulphur and Iodine as the starting material. Needle shaped thin crystals of SbSI were foundgrown vertically on the walls of the quartz tube. Characterizations of the sample were done usingdifferent techniques such as powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM)and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). The charcteristcs peaks in Raman scattering plots (0-500 cm-1) match with the reported results. The compound exibits high resitivity at room temperaturein the order of 10-7 Ω-cm and dielectric constant in the order of 10-3 measured at 1 KHz.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jncs.v30i0.9381Journal of Nepal Chemical Society Vol. 30, 2012 Page:  111-117 Uploaded date: 12/20/2013   

Identification of calcium oxalate crystals in dried or fixed tobacco leaf

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 288-289
Author(s):  
Vicki L. Baliga ◽  
Mary Ellen Counts
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Calcium is an important element in the growth and development of plants and one form of calcium is calcium oxalate. Calcium oxalate has been found in leaf seed, stem material plant tissue culture, fungi and lichen using one or more of the following methods—polarized light microscopy (PLM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and x-ray diffraction.Two methods are presented here for qualitatively estimating calcium oxalate in dried or fixed tobacco (Nicotiana) leaf from different stalk positions using PLM. SEM, coupled with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDS), and powder x-ray diffraction were used to verify that the crystals observed in the dried leaf with PLM were calcium oxalate.

Environmental scanning electron microscopy of fresh human gallstones reveals new morphologies of precipitated calcium salts

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1322-1323
Author(s):  
Howard S. Kaufman ◽  
Keith D. Lillemoe ◽  
John T. Mastovich ◽  
Henry A. Pitt
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Environmental Scanning ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Calcium Salts ◽  
Cholesterol Gallstones ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ca Carbonate ◽  
Scanning Electron

Gallstones contain precipitated cholesterol, calcium salts, and proteins. Calcium (Ca) bilirubinate, palmitate, phosphate, and carbonate occurring in gallstones have variable morphologies but characteristic windowless energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectra. Previous studies of gallstone microstructure and composition using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with EDX have been limited to dehydrated samples. In this state, Ca bilirubinates appear as either glassy masses, which predominate in black pigment stones, or as clusters, which are found mostly in cholesterol gallstones. The three polymorphs of Ca carbonate, calcite, vaterite, and aragonite, have been identified in gallstones by x-ray diffraction, however; the morphologies of these crystals vary in the literature. The purpose of this experiment was to study fresh gallstones by environmental SEM (ESEM) to determine if dehydration affects gallstone Ca salt morphology.Gallstones and bile were obtained fresh at cholecystectomy from 6 patients. To prevent dehydration, stones were stored in bile at 37°C. All samples were studied within 4 days of procurement.

PENINGKATAN LAJU DISOLUSI ACYCLOVIR DENGAN METODE SISTEM DISPERSI PADAT MENGGUNAKAN POLOXAMER 188

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Budi Setiawan ◽  
Erizal Zaini ◽  
Salman Umar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Differential Thermal Analysis ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Poloxamer 188 ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

Sebuah penelitian tentang sistem dispersi padat dari asiklovir dengan poloxamer 188 telah dilakukan formulasi dengan pencampuran secara fisika dengan rasio 1 : 1, 1 : 3, 1 : 5 dan dispersi padat 1 : 1, 1 : 3, 1 : 5 dan penggilingan 1:1 sebagai pembanding. Dispersi padat dibuat menggunakan metode pencairan (fusi), yang digabung dengan poloxamer 188 pada hotplate kemudian asiklovir dimasukkan ke dalam hasil poloxamer 188 lalu di kocok hingga membentuk masa homogen. Semua formula yang terbentuk termasuk asiklovir poloxamer 188 murni dianalisis karakterisasinya dengan Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), X-ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), dan Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), kemudian pengambilan dilakukan  (penentuan kadar) mengunakan spektrofotometer UV pada panjang gelombang 257,08 nm dan uji laju disolusi dengan aquadest bebas CO2 menggunakan metode dayung. Hasil pengambilan  (penentuan kadar) menunjukkan bahwa semua formula memenuhi persyaratan farmakope Amerika edisi 30 dan farmakope Indonesia edisi 4 yaitu 95-110%. Sedangkan hasil uji laju disolusi untuk campuran fisik 1: 1, dan dispersi padat 1: 1, dan penggilingan 1: 1 menunjukkan peningkatan yang nyata dibandingkan asiklovir murni. Hal ini juga dapat dilihat dari hasil perhitungan statistik  menggunakan analisis varian satu arah  SPSS 17.

Structural Characterization of Gallbladder Stones Using Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy and X-ray Diffraction

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 495-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan A. Almarshad ◽  
Sayed M. Badawy ◽  
Abdalkarem F. Alsharari
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Gallbladder Stones ◽  
Pure Cholesterol ◽  
Scanning Electron

Aim and Objective: Formation of the gallbladder stones is a common disease and a major health problem. The present study aimed to identify the structures of the most common types of gallbladder stones using X-ray spectroscopic techniques, which provide information about the process of stone formation. Material and Method: Phase and elemental compositions of pure cholesterol and mixed gallstones removed from gallbladders of patients were studied using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy combined with scanning electron microscopy analysis and X-ray diffraction. Results: The crystal structures of gallstones which coincide with standard patterns were confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Plate-like cholesterol crystals with laminar shaped and thin layered structures were clearly observed for gallstone of pure cholesterol by scanning electron microscopy; it also revealed different morphologies from mixed cholesterol stones. Elemental analysis of pure cholesterol and mixed gallstones using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed the different formation processes of the different types of gallstones. Conclusion: The method of fast and reliable X-ray spectroscopic techniques has numerous advantages over the traditional chemical analysis and other analytical techniques. The results also revealed that the X-ray spectroscopy technique is a promising technique that can aid in understanding the pathogenesis of gallstone disease.

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