Research on Effect of Alloy Elements on Equilibrium and Properties of Ni-Cr-Co Type Nickel-Based Superalloy

2016 ◽  
Vol 849 ◽  
pp. 513-519
Author(s):  
Qing Quan Zhang ◽  
Ming Yang Li ◽  
Ran Wei ◽  
Hui Yun Wu ◽  
Zhen Rui Li
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
Nickel Based Superalloy ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Room Temperature Strength ◽  
Super Alloy ◽  
Type Nickel

Ni-Cr-Co type Nickel-based super alloy Inconel 740H was studied. The effect of Nb, Al and Ti on the equilibrium of this alloy was analyzed by JMatPro software. The amount of Ti and Nb should be controlled by 1.50wt.%, and meanwhile, Al should be 1.0-2.0wt.%. If Mo and W were added the amount of Mo should be in the range of 1.0-2.0wt. %, and W should be about 1.0wt.%. Based on these results, three types of new alloys were designed, which contain Ni-Cr-Co-Mo type (1#), Ni-Cr-Co-W type (2#) and Ni-Cr-Co-Mo-W type (3#). Compared with the Ni-Cr-Co type Inconel 740H alloy, the room temperature strength, high temperature strength and high temperature durable performance of the three new alloys improved, which can provide the evidence and reference to optimize the chemical composition of Inconel 740H alloy, i.e., adding 1.50wt.% Mo and 1.0wt.% W individually or together.

Effect of Rolling Parameters on the Properties of Al-Fe-V Sheet Rolled on an Experimental Mill

1985 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Brown ◽  
D. Raybould
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Thermomechanical Processing ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
Rapidly Solidified ◽  
Large Sheet ◽  
Room Temperature Strength

ABSTRACTIn recent years, interest in high temperature aluminum alloys has increased. However, nearly all the data available is for simple extrusions. This paper looks at the properties of sheet made from a rapidly solidified Al-10Fe-2.5V-2Si alloy. The sheet is made by direct forging followed by hot rolling, this is readily scalable, so allowing the production of large sheet. The room temperature strength and fracture toughness of the sheet are comparable to those of 2014-T6. The high temperature strength, specific stiffness and corrosion resistance are excellent. Recently, improved thermomechanical processing and new alloys have allowed higher strengths and fracture toughness values to be obtained.

CF/SCC Interaction on Structural Materials for LWR in High Temperature Water

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuyuki Katada ◽  
Shigeo Ohashi
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Water Type ◽  
Loading Test ◽  
High Temperature Water ◽  
Rate Test ◽  
Loading Modes ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Temperature Water

A test apparatus was developed to study the interaction between corrosion fatigue (CF) and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in high-temperature water simulated boiling water reactor environment. Tests were conducted using 1/2T-CT samples of both low alloy and sensitized stainless steels under 3 different types of loading at 0.2–8 ppm in dissolved oxygen concentrations at 563 K in water. Type 1 was a normal cyclic loading test of constant amplitude, Type 2 a monotonic constant loading rate test, and Type 3 a combination of Type 1 + Type 2 loading modes. In the low alloy steel, no striking interaction was observed between CF and SCC, whereas in the case of Type 3 loading condition crack growth rates of the sensitized stainless steel were as much as 3 times higher than those for Type 1 + Type 2. The mechanism of the CF and SCC interaction is discussed.

Effect of Annealing on Microstructure and Tensile Properties of Ti-6.5Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo-2Nb-1W-0.2Si Alloy

2017 ◽  
Vol 898 ◽  
pp. 561-565
Author(s):  
Wen Jing Zhang ◽  
Xiao Yun Song ◽  
Song Xiao Hui ◽  
Wen Jun Ye
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Tensile Testing ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
Α Phase ◽  
Room Temperature Strength ◽  
Scanning Electron

The effects of single annealing on microstructure and mechanical properties of an (α+β) high-temperature titanium alloy (Ti-6.5Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo-2Nb-1W-0.2Si) were studied by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and tensile testing. The results showed that with annealing temperature increasing the volume fraction of primary α phase decreased gradually, while the volume fractions of transformed β structure and secondary α phase increased, and the sizes of these phases became coarse. Elevating the annealing temperature, the room temperature strength didn't change at first and then decreased, the high temperature strength increased gradually, and the ultimate tensile strength and yield strength at 650°C can reach more than 700 MPa and 500 MPa, respectively. Meanwhile, both room temperature and high temperature ductility decreased with the annealing temperature increasing. In order to acquire good strength at high temperature and plasticity at room temperature, the best single annealing temperature is 980°C.

Performance Analysis of Fire-Resistant H-Beam Steel

2010 ◽  
Vol 163-167 ◽  
pp. 2949-2952
Author(s):  
Jian Qing Qian ◽  
Ji Ping Chen ◽  
Bao Qiao Wu ◽  
Jie Ca Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
High Temperature Mechanical Properties ◽  
H Beam ◽  
Hot Rolled ◽  
Very High ◽  
Room Temperature Strength

The fire-resistant hot-rolled H-beam steel is the newly developed structure material. The development situation of the fire-resistant H-beam steel is briefly introduced. The chemical composition, microstructure, room temperature and high temperature mechanical properties and weldability of several batches of the developed domestic fire-resistant hot-rolled H-beam steels are comprehensively analyzed. The results show that the newly developed hot-rolled fire-resistant H-beam steel has very high room temperature strength, certain high temperature strength, good welding performance, but the toughness needs to be further improved. The performance of web and flange of H-beam steel has large gap.

Effect of B4C on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of ZrB2-SiC Based Ceramics

2010 ◽  
Vol 105-106 ◽  
pp. 218-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Liu ◽  
Qiang Xu ◽  
Shi Zhen Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Relative Density ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Room Temperature Strength

ZrB2-SiC-B4C is sintered at 1700°C by spark plasma sintering process. The effect of B4C content on the mechanical properties and microstructure of ZrB2-SiC based ceramics is studied. The results show that, with the content of B4C increases, the relative density and room-temperature strength decrease in the ZrB2-SiC-B4C composite. The fracture toughness rises at first and then falls down. The high temperature strength increases.

High Temperature Performance of 316L-SS Joint Produced by Diffusion Bonding

2005 ◽  
Vol 297-300 ◽  
pp. 2795-2799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi Liang An ◽  
Wei Ling Luan ◽  
Fu Zhen Xuan ◽  
Shan Tung Tu
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Diffusion Bonding ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Uniaxial Pressure ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
Bonding Parameters ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Foil Interlayer ◽  
Room Temperature Strength

Two types of joining specimens with and without Ni foil interlayer between 316L–SS bar have been prepared by diffusion bonding in a temperature range of 850- 1050°C, under a uniaxial pressure of 10MPa for 1hours. The relationship between the bonding parameters and the tensile strength of the joints at elevated temperature was studied. Optimized processing parameters were suggested based on the testing results. It was found that the introduction of the interlayer may reduce the room temperature strength but increase the high temperature strength. This was attributed to the transformation of Fe0.64Ni0.36 formed in bonding process into FeNi3 at high temperature.

FUNCTIONAL STATUS AND ADAPTIVE POTENTIAL IN FOREIGN STUDENTS WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF VEGETATIVE REGULATION DURING TUITION

2020 ◽  
pp. 118-126
Author(s):  
A.M. Satarkulova
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
Autonomic Regulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Adaptive Abilities

The assessment and dynamic control over students’ status is a very important task. It allows timely detection of prenosological status prior to pathology and health maintenance in students. The objective of the paper is to assess the adaptive abilities of the body, to analyze changes in heart rate variability indicators in students with various types of autonomic regulation, to identify prenosological status and precursory pathological symptoms. Materials and Methods. The study enrolled 302 students from India, aged 21.54±1.43. Programming complex «Psychophysiologist» was used to register the main HRV parameters within 5 minutes. Health status was evaluated according to the index of functional changes and the scale of functional states. Results. N.I. Shlyk (2009) distinguished two groups of students with different types of autonomic regulation: type 1 (53 %) with moderate and type 2 (5 %) with marked characteristics of central regulation profile, type 3 (35 %) with moderate and type 4 (7 %) with marked characteristics of autonomous regulation profile. Main parameters of HRV and adaptation potential were defined for each student.All the parameters characterized functional and health status. Conclusions. It was shown that 82 % of trial subjects (type 1), 53 % (type 2), 94 % (type 3) and 95 % (type 4) demonstrated satisfactory adaptation and their physiological processes were at an optimal level. 18 % of students (type 1) demonstrated reduced adaptive abilities of the body. Moreover, they were under moderate stress. 47 % of subjects (type 2) were also under a significant stress, which was proven by excessively high SI, low SDNN and TP, and an increased index of functional changes. 5 % of students (type 4) revealed dysfunctional characteristics in the heart rhythm, peculiar to pathology. Keywords: foreign students, heart rate variability, types of autonomic regulation, adaptation potential, functional status. Оценка состояния студентов и динамический контроль за ним является важной задачей, поскольку позволяет своевременно выявлять у студентов донозологические состояния, предшествующие патологии, и способствовать сохранению здоровья. Цель. Оценка адаптивных возможностей организма, анализ изменений показателей вариабельности сердечного ритма у студентов с различными типами вегетативной регуляции, выявление донозологических состояний и ранних признаков патологии. Материалы и методы. В исследовании участвовало 302 студента в возрасте 21,54+1,43 года из Индии. Регистрировались основные параметры ВСР в течение 5 мин с использованием программно-аппаратного комплекса «Психофизиолог». Состояние и уровень здоровья оценивались по индексу функциональных изменений и шкале функциональных состояний. Результаты. По способу, предложенному Н.И. Шлык, выделены группы студентов с различными типами вегетативной регуляции: I (53 %) и II типы (5 %) – с умеренным и выраженным преобладанием центрального контура регуляции соответственно, III (35 %) и IV типы (7 %) – с умеренным и выраженным преобладанием автономного контура регуляции соответственно. У каждого из студентов определены основные параметры ВСР и адаптационного потенциала, характеризующие функциональное состояние и уровень здоровья. Выводы. Показано, что для 82 % обследуемых с I типом, 53 % со II типом, 94 % c III типом и 95 % с IV типом регуляции характерно состояние удовлетворительной адаптации, физиологические процессы сохраняются на оптимальном уровне. В группе студентов I типа у 18 % студентов адаптивные возможности организма снижены, выявлено состояние умеренного напряжения. У 47 % обследуемых II типа также зафиксировано состояние резко выраженного напряжения, индикатором которого является чрезмерно высокое значение SI, низкие величины SDNN и ТP, повышенное значение индекса функциональных изменений. В группе студентов с IV типом у 5 % учащихсяв регуляции ритма сердца выявлены дисфункциональные признаки, характерные для патологии. Ключевые слова: иностранные студенты, вариабельность сердечного ритма, типы вегетативной регуляции, адаптационный потенциал, функциональное состояние.

POLIOMYELITIS IN CANADIAN ESKIMOS: LABORATORY STUDIES. V. TYPE 1 AND TYPE 3 POLIOMYELITIS ANTIBODY LEVELS IN BAFFIN ISLAND ESKIMOS

1954 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
W. Wood ◽  
Eina M. Clark ◽  
F. T. Shimada ◽  
A. J. Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Baffin Island ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Poliomyelitis Virus ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Type 3

Studies on the basic immunology of poliomyelitis in Canadian Eskimos have been continued. Some 87 sera collected from Eskimos at Pangnirtung, Baffin Island, have been examined for the presence of Type 1 and Type 3 poliomyelitis antibody by quantitative tests in tissue cultures. The same sera were previously examined for Type 2 antibody by quantitative tests in mice. The results of the three determinations are now presented together for comparison. These sera came from Eskimos aged 2 to 72 years of age. None of the Eskimos showed any evidence of paralysis. Examination of the medical records did not suggest that any paralytic disease had been present in this part of Baffin Island. Very few of the sera showed the presence of poliomyelitis antibody; thus, Type 1 antibody was demonstrated in the sera of 8%, Type 2 antibody in the sera of 9%, and Type 3 antibody in the sera of 14%. No significant number of Eskimos below the age of 45 years had acquired poliomyelitis antibody. The antibody titers mostly ranged between 10−1.0 and 10−2.0, and were significantly lower than the titers customarily found in recently paralyzed cases. These findings suggest that poliomyelitis infection occurred in Pangnirtung Eskimos many years before the date on which the samples were taken (1951). These results point to the worldwide prevalence of the three types of poliomyelitis virus.

Toward Personalized Treatment for Patients with Low von Willebrand Factor and Quantitative von Willebrand Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (02) ◽  
pp. 192-200
Author(s):  
James S. O'Donnell
Keyword(s):  
Von Willebrand Factor ◽  
Bleeding Risk ◽  
Von Willebrand Disease ◽  
Personalized Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plans ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor

AbstractThe biological mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 and type 3 von Willebrand disease (VWD) have been studied extensively. In contrast, although accounting for the majority of VWD cases, the pathobiology underlying partial quantitative VWD has remained somewhat elusive. However, important insights have been attained following several recent cohort studies that have investigated mechanisms in patients with type 1 VWD and low von Willebrand factor (VWF), respectively. These studies have demonstrated that reduced plasma VWF levels may result from either (1) decreased VWF biosynthesis and/or secretion in endothelial cells and (2) pathological increased VWF clearance. In addition, it has become clear that some patients with only mild to moderate reductions in plasma VWF levels in the 30 to 50 IU/dL range may have significant bleeding phenotypes. Importantly in these low VWF patients, bleeding risk fails to correlate with plasma VWF levels and inheritance is typically independent of the VWF gene. Although plasma VWF levels may increase to > 50 IU/dL with progressive aging or pregnancy in these subjects, emerging data suggest that this apparent normalization in VWF levels does not necessarily equate to a complete correction in bleeding phenotype in patients with partial quantitative VWD. In this review, these recent advances in our understanding of quantitative VWD pathogenesis are discussed. Furthermore, the translational implications of these emerging findings are considered, particularly with respect to designing personalized treatment plans for VWD patients undergoing elective procedures.

scholarly journals Optimally growing initial errors of El Niño events in the CESM

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Xu ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
Wansuo Duan
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Equatorial Pacific ◽  
Initial Error ◽  
Initial Errors ◽  
El Niño Events ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
El Nino Events

AbstractThe optimally growing initial errors (OGEs) of El Niño events are found in the Community Earth System Model (CESM) by the conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation (CNOP) method. Based on the characteristics of low-dimensional attractors for ENSO (El Niño Southern Oscillation) systems, we apply singular vector decomposition (SVD) to reduce the dimensions of optimization problems and calculate the CNOP in a truncated phase space by the differential evolution (DE) algorithm. In the CESM, we obtain three types of OGEs of El Niño events with different intensities and diversities and call them type-1, type-2 and type-3 initial errors. Among them, the type-1 initial error is characterized by negative SSTA errors in the equatorial Pacific accompanied by a negative west–east slope of subsurface temperature from the subsurface to the surface in the equatorial central-eastern Pacific. The type-2 initial error is similar to the type-1 initial error but with the opposite sign. The type-3 initial error behaves as a basin-wide dipolar pattern of tropical sea temperature errors from the sea surface to the subsurface, with positive errors in the upper layers of the equatorial eastern Pacific and negative errors in the lower layers of the equatorial western Pacific. For the type-1 (type-2) initial error, the negative (positive) temperature errors in the eastern equatorial Pacific develop locally into a mature La Niña (El Niño)-like mode. For the type-3 initial error, the negative errors in the lower layers of the western equatorial Pacific propagate eastward with Kelvin waves and are intensified in the eastern equatorial Pacific. Although the type-1 and type-3 initial errors have different spatial patterns and dynamic growing mechanisms, both cause El Niño events to be underpredicted as neutral states or La Niña events. However, the type-2 initial error makes a moderate El Niño event to be predicted as an extremely strong event.

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