Structural Loading of Cellular Metals: Damage Mechanisms and Standardization Concepts

2018 ◽  
Vol 933 ◽  
pp. 220-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Krupp ◽  
Thomas Hipke ◽  
Srecko Nesic
Keyword(s):  
Metal Foam ◽  
Cast Alloy ◽  
Fatigue Loading ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Cellular Metals ◽  
Structural Loading ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Testing Standards

Structural loading of cellular metals is strongly affected by brittle fracture of cell struts and walls that exhibit tensile loads, e.g., during fatigue loading. The present paper summarizes results of compression, tension and cyclic loading experiments on various closed-cell metal foams and metal foam sandwiches (Alulight, Alporas, Foamtech, AFS) using various mechanical testing systems. The results were correlated with a thorough analysis of the cellular mesostructure and the cell strut/wall microstructure by means of scanning electron microscopy revealing defects, such as casting porosity and large Si precipitates in the Al-Si eutectic of aluminum cast alloy. The results of the work served for the definition of testing standards for compression testing (ISO 13314) and tensile testing (DIN 50099), which are outlined in the paper. Such standards and design guidelines are crucial for a successful implementation of cellular metals in innovative products in mechanical, automotive and energy engineering as well as in bioengineering.

Innovative Approaches to the Formation and Development of the Startup Ecosystem

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 668
Author(s):  
Nataliia DEMIANENKO ◽  
Ilona YASNOLOB ◽  
Oleg GORB ◽  
Oleksii Zoria ◽  
Liudmyla CHIP ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Business Environment ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Entrepreneurial Universities ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Innovative Approaches

The article is devoted to considering the peculiarities of startup ecosystem formation. Modern theoretical views on the definition of startup ecosystem have been studied. The author’s definition of “startup ecosystem” term has been given. Innovation and entrepreneurial ecosystems aimed at creating innovative products and services by startup companies have been analyzed. The structural elements of startup ecosystem under endogenous and exogenous changes in the business environment have been singled out. The situation of startup development in Ukraine and their further prospects have been analyzed. Emphasis has been placed on the formation of entrepreneurial universities as an important component of the ecosystem. The experience of leading countries in the implementation and formation of startup ecosystem has been studied and adapted.

scholarly journals Legal status of subjects carrying out independent financial control in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Dmytryk
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Professional Organization ◽  
Financial Control ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Professional Self ◽  
Definition Of

Problem setting. The importance of financial control in the formation of market relations is significantly increasing, because such control contributes to the successful implementation of the financial policy of the state, ensuring the proper formation, distribution (redistribution) and the use of funds accumulated in public funds. In addition, it should be noted that financial control is a means of regulating economic activity. In this context, legal support for financial control is of great importance. Independent financial control is a form of non-governmental financial control that can be exercised by specialized organizations – audit firms or auditors. It is significant that Ukraine recently adopted a law regulating the procedure for auditing and conducting financial audits. It is the Law of Ukraine “On Audit of Financial Reporting and Auditing” № 2258-VIII of December 21. 2017, which came into force on 1 October. 2018. Analysis of recent researches and publications. We emphasize that the study of the concept of “financial control”, the definition of its types, forms and methods, as well as the legal status of the entities that carry it out, were engaged in the following scientists: L. K. Voronova, О. P. Hetmanets, T. A. Zhadan, M. P. Kucheryavenko, P. P. Latkovsky, Yu. A. Mandrychenko, L. A. Savchenko and others. However, changes in the legal regulation of financial control, issues related to the consolidation of the legal status of entities exercising independent financial control need to be examined in detail. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to analyze the legal status of entities exercising independent financial control in Ukraine. Article’s main body. In the article the author reveals the peculiarities of the legal status of the Audit Chamber of Ukraine as a subject of independent financial control in Ukraine. Іt can be stated that the Audit Chamber of Ukraine, which is a professional organization, is a direct participant in the relations related to the organization and implementation of independent financial control, in particular, audit control. Given the compulsory nature of acquiring membership in the AСU, the statutory purpose and activities of this organization, this organization can not be considered public. Conclusions and prospects for the development. It is stated that the legal status of the specified entity is characterized by a certain multidimensionality. In particular, the Audit Chamber of Ukraine is a professional, self-regulatory organization that is authorized to perform public functions and is managed through specially created bodies. The above shows that the current legislation of Ukraine reflects a new approach to the regulation of independent financial control, in particular by defining the powers, rights and duties of the Audit Chamber of Ukraine.

scholarly journals Risk in managing innovation project

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-81
Author(s):  
Mgr inż. Tomasz Łopaciński
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Management Journal ◽  
Innovative Project ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Innovation Project ◽  
Managing Innovation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
A Company

Innovative products and services are essential to ensure a long-term viability of a company. More and more often they are created and implemented through innovative projects. The aim of the article is to show the uniqueness of innovative projects, present the risk that is specific to this kind of projects and indicate the methods with which these projects should be managed. The article analyses the features of innovations, presents the definition of an innovative project and discusses its classification and management principles. Moreover, it presents seven areas of risks specific to an innovative project, developed on the basis of articles published in “Project Management Journal” in the years 2005-2016 and other selected publications.

scholarly journals Prognostics-based adaptive control strategy for lifetime control of wind turbines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Kipchirchir ◽  
Manh Hung Do ◽  
Jackson Githu Njiri ◽  
Dirk Söffker
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Fatigue Loading ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Rotor Blades ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Damage Level ◽  
Structural Loading

Abstract. Variability of wind profiles in both space and time is responsible for fatigue loading in wind turbine components. Advanced control methods for mitigating structural loading in these components have been proposed in previous works. These also incorporate other objectives like speed and power regulation for above-rated wind speed operation. In recent years, lifetime control and extension strategies have been proposed to guaranty power supply and operational reliability of wind turbines. These control strategies typically rely on a fatigue load evaluation criteria to determine the consumed lifetime of these components, subsequently varying the control set-point to guaranty a desired lifetime of the components. Most of these methods focus on controlling the lifetime of specific structural components of a wind turbine, typically the rotor blade or tower. Additionally, controllers are often designed to be valid about specific operating points, hence exhibit deteriorating performance in varying operating conditions. Therefore, they are not able to guaranty a desired lifetime in varying wind conditions. In this paper an adaptive lifetime control strategy is proposed for controlled ageing of rotor blades to guaranty a desired lifetime, while considering damage accumulation level in the tower. The method relies on an online structural health monitoring system to vary the lifetime controller gains based on a State of Health (SoH) measure by considering the desired lifetime at every time-step. For demonstration, a 1.5 MW National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) reference wind turbine is used. The proposed adaptive lifetime controller regulates structural loading in the rotor blades to guaranty a predefined damage level at the desired lifetime without sacrificing on the speed regulation performance of the wind turbine. Additionally, significant reduction in the tower fatigue damage is observed.

Informatics and Socio-Technical Challenges when Designing Solutions for Integrated eCare

2017 ◽  
pp. 261-289
Author(s):  
Sabine Koch ◽  
Maria Hägglund ◽  
Isabella Scandurra
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Care ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Health Informatics ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
System Development ◽  
Collaborative Work ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Technical Challenges ◽  
Definition Of

The central role of eHealth to enable the successful implementation of integrated care is commonly acknowledged today. This is easier said than done. To provide correct, understandable, and timely information at the point of need and to facilitate communication and decision support for a network of actors with different prerequisites and needs are some of the big challenges of integrated care. This book chapter focuses on the specific challenges related to informatics and socio-technical issues when designing solutions for integrated eCare. Methods for requirements elicitation, evaluation, and system development using user-centred design in collaborative environments involving a variety of stakeholders are presented. Case studies in homecare of older patients, in the care of stroke patients, and regarding citizen eHealth services in general illustrate the application of these methods. Possible solutions and pitfalls are discussed based on the experiences drawn from the case studies. To address the main informatics and socio-technical challenges in integrated eCare, namely informatics-supported collaborative work and to provide coordinated continuity for the patient, top-down activities such as health informatics standardisation, and bottom-up activities resulting in the definition of concrete patient journey descriptions, interaction points, information needs (that can be transformed into standardised data sets), as well as visualisation and interaction patterns need to go hand in hand.

Context-Awareness and Mobile Devices

2008 ◽  
pp. 205-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anind K. Dey ◽  
Jonna Häkkilä
Keyword(s):  
Human Computer Interaction ◽  
Mobile Computing ◽  
Ubiquitous Computing ◽  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Context Awareness ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Context Aware ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Mobile Context ◽  
Computer Interaction

Context-awareness is a maturing area within the field of ubiquitous computing. It is particularly relevant to the growing sub-field of mobile computing as a user’s context changes more rapidly when a user is mobile, and interacts with more devices and people in a greater number of locations. In this chapter, we present a definition of context and context-awareness and describe its importance to human-computer interaction and mobile computing. We describe some of the difficulties in building context-aware applications and the solutions that have arisen to address these. Despite these solutions, users have difficulties in using and adopting mobile context-aware applications. We discuss these difficulties and present a set of eight design guidelines that can aid application designers in producing more usable and useful mobile context-aware applications.

eHealth in cardiac rehabilitation

2020 ◽  
pp. 171-176
Author(s):  
Ines Frederix ◽  
Paul Dendale
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Progress Monitoring ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Sustained Delivery ◽  
Definition Of

TeleCR is an innovative and (cost-)effective preventive care delivery strategy that can overcome the challenges associated with traditional centre-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR). This chapter describes how it can be implemented in daily practice. From an organizational point of view, it implies a shift in traditional and operational workflows and reorganization of the (non-)human resources for care delivery. The establishment of a well-coordinated tele-team, the definition of clear goals, profound progress monitoring and follow-up, and the creation of an environment that promotes sustained delivery of teleCR are paramount. Tackling the current legal and technological challenges is another prerequisite for successful implementation.

Context-Awareness and Mobile Devices

2009 ◽  
pp. 3222-3235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anind K. Dey ◽  
Jonna Häkkilä
Keyword(s):  
Human Computer Interaction ◽  
Mobile Computing ◽  
Ubiquitous Computing ◽  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Context Awareness ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Context Aware ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Mobile Context ◽  
Computer Interaction

Context-awareness is a maturing area within the field of ubiquitous computing. It is particularly relevant to the growing sub-field of mobile computing as a user’s context changes more rapidly when a user is mobile, and interacts with more devices and people in a greater number of locations. In this chapter, we present a definition of context and context-awareness and describe its importance to human-computer interaction and mobile computing. We describe some of the dif- ficulties in building context-aware applications and the solutions that have arisen to address these. Despite these solutions, users have difficulties in using and adopting mobile context-aware applications. We discuss these difficulties and present a set of eight design guidelines that can aid application designers in producing more usable and useful mobile context-aware applications.

scholarly journals Microstructures and Isothermal Oxidation of the Alumina Scale Forming Nb1.45Si2.7Ti2.25Al3.25Hf0.35 and Nb1.35Si2.3Ti2.3Al3.7Hf0.35 Alloys

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ghadyani ◽  
Claire Utton ◽  
Panos Tsakiropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Cast Alloy ◽  
Alumina Scale ◽  
Isothermal Oxidation ◽  
Intermetallic Alloys ◽  
High Entropy ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Composite Silicide ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Selection Of

Coating system(s) will be required for Nb-silicide based alloys. Alumina forming alloys that are chemically compatible with the Nb-silicide based alloy substrate could be components of such systems. The intermetallic alloys Nb1.45Si2.7Ti2.25Al3.25Hf0.35 (MG5) and Nb1.35Si2.3Ti2.3Al3.7Hf0.35 (MG6) were studied in the cast, heat treated and isothermally oxidised conditions at 800 and 1200 °C to find out if they are αAl2O3 scale formers. A (Al/Si)alloy versus Nb/(Ti + Hf)alloy map, which can be considered to be a map for Multi-Principle Element or Complex Concentrated Nb-Ti-Si-Al-Hf alloys, and a [Nb/(Ti + Hf)]Nb5Si3 versus [Nb/(Ti + Hf)]alloy map were constructed making use of the alloy design methodology NICE and data from a previously studied alloy, and were used to select the alloys MG5 and MG6 that were expected (i) not to pest, (ii) to form αAl2O3 scale at 1200 °C, (iii) to have no solid solution, (iv) to form only hexagonal Nb5Si3 and (v) to have microstructures consisting of hexagonal Nb5Si3, Ti5Si3, Ti5Si4, TiSi silicides, and tri-aluminides and Al rich TiAl. Both alloys met the requirements (i) to (v). The alumina scale was able to self-heal at 1200 °C. Liquation in the alloy MG6 at 1200 °C was linked with the formation of a eutectic like structure and the TiAl aluminide in the cast alloy. Key to the oxidation of the alloys was the formation (i) of “composite” silicide grains in which the Nb5Si3 core was surrounded by the Ti5Si4 and TiSi silicides, and (ii) of tri-aluminides with high Al/Si ratio, particularly at 1200 °C and very low Nb/Ti ratio forming in-between the “composite” silicide grains. Both alloys met the “standard definition” of high entropy alloys (HEAs). Compared with HEAs with bcc solid solution and intermetallics, the VEC values of both the alloys were outside the range of reported values. The parameters VEC,  and  of Nb-Ti-Si-Al-Hf coating alloys and non-pesting Nb-silicide based alloys were compared and trends were established. Selection of coating alloys with possible “layered” structures was discussed and alloy compositions were proposed.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Nature of the Economic Cluster as a Quasintegration Form of a Spatial Organization of Economic Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonina Dolgova
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Cluster Structure ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Cluster Network ◽  
Price Signals ◽  
Network Interaction ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

The growing global competition, as well as other factors of the changing economic situation are shifting the investors attention from countries as a whole to the territories and regions in which the synergistic effect of the interaction of various-scale enterprises not only increases the individual performance efficiency of each company but develops a significant innovative potential of their integration and creation of new competitive innovative products. Therefore, the rigid centric structures of administrative management with a response only to the price signals cease to respond to the demands of reality and are replaced by a more flexible and integrated model of building links - network interaction. Russian companies are highly interested in the accumulated experience of foreign countries in tooling search for cluster initiatives, their development, including the intra-cluster structure, and their support taking into consideration the whole spectrum of factors that both contribute to and hinder the viability of the cluster. The article presents a brief analysis of the cluster concept development, examines the present-day systems of managing the cluster-network interaction. It offers the author's definition of the cluster.

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