Mechanical Evaluation of Titanium Scaffolds for Orthopedic Implants

2018 ◽  
Vol 933 ◽  
pp. 277-281
Author(s):  
Akram Salehi ◽  
Hossein Amini Mashhadi ◽  
Mohammad Sadegh Abravi ◽  
Faezeh Baezegar ◽  
Samira Nokhasteh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yield Stress ◽  
Compression Test ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Orthopedic Implants ◽  
Porous Titanium ◽  
Uniaxial Compression Test ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ti Powder

In this study, titanium scaffolds with three different porosities of 50%, 60% and 70% were produced by Ti powder and urea space holder, using powder metallurgy technique. Structural evaluations were done by X-ray diffraction (XRD) apparatus and scanning electron microscope (SEM) to ensure removal of urea particles and non-oxidized samples due to the sintering process and then uniaxial compression test was performed on produced samples to determine yield stress and young modulus. The results of structural evaluations indicated success in production and absence of undesirable phases in the final products. Compression test evaluations showed that all the samples have young modulus in the range of bone application. It was found that the yield stress and Young’s modulus were strongly depended on the porosity. Therefore, the pore structure and properties of the porous titanium could be tailored to satisfy the requirements of biomedical implants.

scholarly journals Thin TiO2 Nanocoating of Porous Titanium through Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering to Improve the Biological Response of Orthopedic Implants

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roghayeh Haghjoo ◽  
Seyed Khatiboleslam Sadrnezhaad ◽  
Nahid Hasanzadeh Nemati
Keyword(s):  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Orthopedic Implants ◽  
Porous Titanium ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Titanium Foam ◽  
Surface Morphologies ◽  
Titanium Specimen

: The present study applied a TiO2 nanocoating on a titanium foam substrate produced by powder metallurgy through magnetron sputtering. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were employed to investigate the surface morphologies of the porous specimens and pre- and post-coating phases, respectively. Also, the growth and proliferation of MG-63 cells (osteoblasts) and their attachment and proliferation on the coated porous titanium specimen (relative to the uncoated specimens) were studied using in vitro and methyl thiazol tetrazolium (MTT) cytotoxicity tests. Considering the porous macrostructure of the coated titanium specimen and the nanostructure of the TiO2 coating on the porous surface and macro-pore walls, the coated specimen was found to be effective in the biocompatibility improvement of dental and orthopedic implants.

The Size and Shape Analysis of Titanium Particles in Composites from ZrO2 – Ti System

2015 ◽  
Vol 797 ◽  
pp. 400-407
Author(s):  
Paula Łada ◽  
Marta Bartnik ◽  
Aleksandra Miazga ◽  
Katarzyna Konopka
Keyword(s):  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Partial Solution ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Composite Matrix ◽  
Stereological Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Eds Analysis ◽  
Ti Powder ◽  
New Phase

The morphology ZrO2-Ti composites depends on used powders substrates, methods of forming and sintering conditions. In this study a composite from the nanosize ZrO2 powder stabilized by 3 mol% Y2O3 and 3 vol. % Ti powder with particle size about 15 μm was prepared. A composite material was formed by uniaxial pressing. Sintering process was conducted in an argon atmosphere at 1300°C with retention time 2h. The selected physical properties of the green body and sintered ZrO2-Ti composites were determined by Archimedes method. The microstructural characterization was carried out using the x-ray diffraction and the scanning electron microscope (SEM) with EDS analysis. Stereological analysis by using computer programs was supported. The SEM observation and EDS analysis of the cross-section of the samples confirmed that the Ti particles are distributed homogenously in analysed areas. The EDS analysis revealed partial solution of titanium in ZrO2 matrix. Moreover, the x-ray diffraction exposed the existence of tetragonal zirconium oxide and titanium or a new phase from Ti-Zr-O system. The stereological analysis showed similarity between the starting particles of Ti powder and particles of titanium in the composite matrix.

scholarly journals Mechanical properties and X-ray diffraction analyses of clay/sand pellets for CO2 adsorption: the effects of sand content and humidity

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Isaac Iglesias ◽  
Mayra Jiménez ◽  
Andrea M. Gallardo ◽  
Edward E. Ávila ◽  
Vivian Morera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Uniaxial Compression ◽  
Compression Test ◽  
Free Fall ◽  
Uniaxial Compression Test ◽  
Sand Content ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

In this work, we report the mechanical properties of an alternative material based on a mixture of natural clay and ferruginous sand in pellet form for CO2 capture. These raw materials were collected from Ecuador, and they contain iron and titanium oxides from volcanic origin. To evaluate the effect of the sand content on the mechanical properties of pellets, the samples were manually prepared with 0 (control sample), 15, and 25 wt.% sand contents and analyzed using free-fall drop impact and uniaxial compression tests. The uniaxial compression test was carried out under three conditions: using sieved sand, using sand without sieving, and under wet conditions. The sand contents caused the drop number to decrease in the free-fall drop impact test. From the uniaxial compression test, the compressive strength, elastic modulus, and toughness were calculated. The elastic modulus showed a better performance for samples with lower porosity. The compressive strength demonstrated higher values for samples with 15 wt.% sand contents than for samples with the other sand contents. The toughness values did not significantly change. It was evidenced that the porosity, mineral composition, and humidity exerted an influence during the mechanical tests. The mineral phases were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, and quantitative analysis based on whole-powder-pattern fitting revealed that the iron and titanium oxide contents increased as the concentration of sand in the pellets increased.

scholarly journals New Zn3Mg-xY Alloys: Characteristics, Microstructural Evolution and Corrosion Behavior

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2505
Author(s):  
Catalin Panaghie ◽  
Ramona Cimpoeșu ◽  
Bogdan Istrate ◽  
Nicanor Cimpoeșu ◽  
Mihai-Adrian Bernevig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Galvanic Corrosion ◽  
Intermetallic Phase ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Pure Zinc ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
Master Alloys

Zinc biodegradable alloys attracted an increased interest in the last few years in the medical field among Mg and Fe-based materials. Knowing that the Mg element has a strengthening influence on Zn alloys, we analyze the effect of the third element, namely, Y with expected results in mechanical properties improvement. Ternary ZnMgY samples were obtained through induction melting in Argon atmosphere from high purity (Zn, Mg, and Y) materials and MgY (70/30 wt%) master alloys with different percentages of Y and keeping the same percentage of Mg (3 wt%). The corrosion resistance and microhardness of ZnMgY alloys were compared with those of pure Zn and ZnMg binary alloy. Materials were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), linear and cyclic potentiometry, and immersion tests. All samples present generalized corrosion after immersion and electro-corrosion experiments in Dulbecco solution. The experimental results show an increase in microhardness and indentation Young Modulus following the addition of Y. The formation of YZn12 intermetallic phase elements with a more noble potential than pure Zinc is established. A correlation is obtained between the appearance of new Y phases and aggressive galvanic corrosion.

Influence of Severe Plastic Deformation on Physicomechanical Properties of Ti-40 mas % Nb Alloy

2016 ◽  
Vol 685 ◽  
pp. 525-529
Author(s):  
Zhanna G. Kovalevskaya ◽  
Margarita A. Khimich ◽  
Andrey V. Belyakov ◽  
Ivan A. Shulepov
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Severe Plastic Deformation ◽  
Cold Working ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Physicomechanical Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Refined Grains ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Initial Alloy ◽  
Composition Structure

The changes of the phase composition, structure and physicomechanical properties of Ti‑40 mas % Nb after severe plastic deformation are investigated in this paper. By the methods of microstructural, X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy it is determined that phase and structural transformations occur simultaneously in the alloy after severe plastic deformation. The martensitic structure formed after tempering disappears. The inverse α'' → β transformation occurs. The structure consisting of oriented refined grains is formed. The alloy is hardened due to the cold working. The Young modulus is equal to 79 GPa and it is less than that of initial alloy and close to the value obtained after tempering. It is possible that Young modulus is reduced by additional annealing.

Development of WC-Fe3Al Composites by Spark Plasma Sintering Process

2016 ◽  
Vol 881 ◽  
pp. 307-312
Author(s):  
Luis Antonio C. Ybarra ◽  
Afonso Chimanski ◽  
Sergio Gama ◽  
Ricardo A.G. da Silva ◽  
Izabel Fernanda Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Zinc Stearate ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Al Composite ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Vibration Mill

Tungsten carbide (WC) based composites are usually produced with cobalt, but this binder has the inconvenience of shortage, unstable price and potential carcinogenicity. The objective of this study was to develop WC composite with intermetallic Fe3Al matrix. Powders of WC, iron and aluminum, with composition WC-10 wt% Fe3Al, and 0.5 wt% zinc stearate were milled in a vibration mill for 6 h and sintered in a SPS (spark plasma sintering) furnace at 1150 °C for 8 min under pressure of 30 MPa. Measured density and microstructure analysis showed that the composite had significant densification during the (low-temperature, short time) sintering, and X-ray diffraction analysis showed the formation of intermetallic Fe3Al. Analysis by Vickers indentation resulted in hardness of 11.2 GPa and fracture toughness of 24.6 MPa.m1/2, showing the feasibility of producing dense WC-Fe3Al composite with high mechanical properties using the SPS technique.

scholarly journals Enhanced apatite precipitation on a biopolymer-coated bioactive glass

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Araújo ◽  
M. Miola ◽  
A. Venturello ◽  
G. Baldi ◽  
J. Perez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Organic Coating ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ph Measurements ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractIn this work, sintered pellets of a silica-based bioactive glass were dip-coated with a biocompatible natural-derived polymer in order to investigate the influence of the organic coating on the glass bioactivity. After the sintering process optimization, uncoated and coated pellets have been characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM, EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and pH measurements, after the immersion in a simulated body fluid (SBF). An increased apatite forming ability and a better control of the pH during soaking of the samples in SBF were observed in the presence of the biopolymer. This result opens a new insight on the simple fabrication of highly bioactive hybrid inorganic-organic materials for medical applications.

Laser Sintering of Greens Compacts of MoSi2

2006 ◽  
Vol 530-531 ◽  
pp. 364-368
Author(s):  
G. de Vasconcelos ◽  
R. Cesar Maia ◽  
Carlos Alberto Alves Cairo ◽  
R. Riva ◽  
N.A.S. Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Laser Processing ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Heating Source ◽  
Scanning Electron Microcopy ◽  
Conventional Sintering ◽  
Reduced Time

In this study, the results of the feasibility of sintering green compacts of metallic powder of MoSi2 by a CO2 laser beam as the heating source has been investigated. The main advantage of this technique is to promote a dense material in a reduced time when compared to the conventional sintering process. In order to sintering the MoSi2 powder, green compacts of 6mm of diameter and 1.6mm thickness were produced in a steel die in a uniaxial press at 100MPa and after, isostatic pressed at 350MPa. The micrograph of the samples exposed to the laser radiation performed by scanning electron microcopy (SEM) reveal the efficiency of the sintering process and the X-ray diffraction of the powders confirmed the presence of single phase after and before laser processing. The average microhardness of these compacts reached near to 700 Hv0.2 in the cross section to the laser irradiation, indicating the all sintering of the green compact.

Influence of Aging Time on the Structural Changes of Cassava Thermoplastic Starch

2012 ◽  
Vol 1372 ◽  
Author(s):  
José H. Mina ◽  
Alex Valadez ◽  
Pedro J. Herrera-Franco ◽  
Tanit Toledano
Keyword(s):  
Yield Stress ◽  
Amorphous Phase ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Thermoplastic Starch ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Type V ◽  
Stress Drops

ABSTRACTIn this work the change in the structural properties of cassava (manihot sculenta Crantz) thermoplastic starch (TPS) under controlled environment (humidity and temperature) was studied. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed an evident increasing in the amorphous phase of the TPS regarding the native starch. There was a relative decrease of the band at 1047 cm-1 associated to crystalline structure of starch compared to the amorphous peak at 1022 cm-1. The X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed the increment of the amorphous phase in the TPS samples. Likewise the X-ray diffraction patterns shows evidence of residual type C crystallinity and the formation of a new crystalline phase type VH due to the orientation induced in plasticization process. In first stage of conditioning the tensile yield stress drops from 7.5 drops to 0.5 MPa and the break strain increases 1000%. At the same time it seems that the crystallinity of the samples increases as was evidenced by the gradually increasing of the FTIR band at 1047 cm-1. In a second stage, the yield stress increases, the break strain drops and the crystallinity continue growing steadily. These findings suggest that coexist two phenomena simultaneously in the samples. A phenomenon of re-crystallization (retrogradation) that tends to make the material more stiff and a process of plasticization that tends to softening it. It seems that the latter mechanism predominates in the first stage, at short times, and the former in the second stage, at older times.

Effect of WC Addition on Phase Formation and Microstructure of TiC-Ni Composites

2008 ◽  
Vol 55-57 ◽  
pp. 353-356
Author(s):  
Nawarat Wora-uaychai ◽  
Nuchthana Poolthong ◽  
Ruangdaj Tongsri
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Tungsten Carbide ◽  
Phase Formation ◽  
Liquid Phase Sintering ◽  
Precipitation Process ◽  
Solid Solution Phase ◽  
Binder Phase ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

In this research, titanium carbide-nickel (TiC-Ni) composites, with tungsten carbide addition, were fabricated by using a powder metallurgy technique. The TiC-Ni mixtures containing between 0-15 wt. % tungsten carbide (WC), were compacted and then sintered at 1300°C and 1400°C, respectively. The phase formation and microstructure of the WC-added TiC-Ni composites have been investigated by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy techniques. Mechanical properties of these composites were assessed by an indentation technique. The X-ray diffraction patterns showed no evidence of tungsten rich phases in the sintered WC-added cermets. This indicates that during the sintering process, tungsten carbide particles were dissolved in metallic binder phase (Ni phase) via dissolution/re-precipitation process during liquid phase sintering. The liquid phase formed during sintering process could improve sinterability of TiC-based cermets i.e., it could lower sintering temperatures. The TiC-Ni composites typically exhibited a core-rim structure. The cores consisted of undissolved TiC particles enveloped by rims of (Ti, W)C solid solution phase. Hardness of TiC-Ni composites increased with WC content. Sintering temperature also had a slight effect on hardness values.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document