The Technogenic Raw Materials Surface Characteristics Role when Obtaining the Autoclave Hardening Binders of

2019 ◽  
Vol 974 ◽  
pp. 379-385
Author(s):  
Alexander E. Fomin ◽  
Ruslan V. Lesovik ◽  
E.S. Glagolev ◽  
Sergey V. Biryukov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Activation ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Activation Effect ◽  
Phase Form ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials

The paper investigates the surface wet magnetic separation (WMS) technogenic raw materials concentration tailings particles properties. The mechanical activation effect nature on the binder structural and phase characteristics is revealed. High pozzolan activity of WMC tails, which consists in genetic and morphological features of the surface of poly-mineral structures has been established. During mechanical activation of lime together with WMS tailings, an increase in the number of neoplasms occurs in the amorphous phase form with a low degree of polymerization, which is confirmed by the acid-soluble SiO2presence, as well as by X-ray phase analysis. The work results indicate a WMC waste particles surface high energy potential for its use in building materials for autoclaved hardening. This study will contribute to the energy and resource-saving technologies development, the solution of environmental problems in order to create a comfortable environment for life and work.

Development of Composition and Technology of Wood-Slag Composite Material

2019 ◽  
Vol 802 ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
Svetlana Vitalevna Kolobova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Secondary Products ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
The Russian Federation

The most urgent task in the construction industry today is energy saving at all stages: from the production of building materials, products and structures to the construction of buildings and their operation. Combining these problems forms one of the directions of innovation policy of the majority of subjects of the Russian Federation – strengthening of local capacity and demonstration of solutions to improve energy and resource saving in construction. Building materials industry-one of the leading sectors of the economy, which is quite effectively uses secondary products of many industries for the production of various building materials. Development of production of building materials in this direction is associated with many aspects: the depletion of natural resources, high energy intensity of a number of technological processes of extraction and processing of raw materials; threat to environmental safety of the Russian Federation; lack of waste disposal sites; negative impact on the air, water and plant environment, human and animal health.

scholarly journals MORTAR FILLERS FROM TECHNOGENIC SAND

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-85
Author(s):  
А. С. Успанова ◽  
З. Х. Исмаилова ◽  
В. Х. Хадисов ◽  
М. Р. Хаджиев
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Grain Composition ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials ◽  
Low Modulus ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials

Вопросы ресурсосбережения являются приоритетными в промышленности строительных материалов и изделий, все большее распространение получает применение техногенного сырья в строительных композитах. Это диктуется необходимостью утилизации техногенных отходов, повышением экономической эффективности производств и вопросами защиты окружающей среды. Особый интерес в проектировании составов строительных растворов представляет применение местных некондиционных песков, техногенных песков из отсевов бетонного лома и кирпичного лома. Данная статья посвящена исследованию зернового состава отсевов дробления бетонного лома и кирпичного боя, возможности создания рецептур строительных растворов на мелких песках с их использованием. Для большинства регионов нехватка крупнозернистых песков является особо актуальной, так как без их наличия производство бетонов и растворов высокого качества проблематично. Одним из способов решения данного вопроса является применение отсевов и мелких фракций дробления вторичного сырья, пригодного для использования в качестве заполнителя по химико-минералогическому и гранулометрическому составу. В результате рециклинга вторичного сырья образующие мелкие фракции отсевов представляют большой интерес для применения в качестве крупнозернистых песков или обогащающего материала для мелких песков с низким модулем крупности. Resource-saving issues are a priority in the building materials and products industry; the use of technogenic raw materials in building composites is becoming more widespread. This is dictated by the need to utilize industrial wastes, increase the economic efficiency of production and protect the environment. Of particular interest in the design of mortar compositions is the use of local substandard sand, industrial sand from screenings of concrete scrap and brick scrap. This article is devoted to the study of the grain composition of screenings for crushing concrete scrap and brick fighting, the possibility of creating mortar formulations on fine sand with their use. For most regions, the shortage of coarse-grained sand is especially urgent, since without their presence the production of concrete and high-quality mortars is problematic. One of the ways to solve this issue is the use of screenings and small fractions of crushing secondary raw materials suitable for use as a filler in chemical-mineralogical and particle size distribution. As a result of recycling of secondary raw materials, the fine screening fractions are of great interest for use as coarse-grained sands or an enrichment material for fine sands with a low modulus of fineness.

scholarly journals INNOVATIVE PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF NEW GENERATION BUILDING MATERIALS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
У.Д. Тотурбиева ◽  
С.А. Мамаев ◽  
Б.Д. Тотурбиев
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials ◽  
New Generation ◽  
And Control

Отмечается актуальность разработки и внедрение инновационных наукоемких, энерго-ресурсосберегающих, экологически чистых, высоких технологий из минерального и техногенного сырья в различных отраслях промышленности. При этом важная роль в использовании сырьевых ресурсов в строительной отрасли принадлежит промышленности строительных материалов, особенно использованию природного сырья и в этой связи разработке инновационных проектов, позволяющих осуществлять освоение месторождений нерудного сырья, в том числе вскрышных пород, включая добычи, переработку и производство строительных материалов. Практикой установлено, что производство строительных материалов из техногенного сырья обходиться намного дешевле, чем использование природного нерудного сырья, поскольку некоторые отходы производства можно применять без соответствующей обработки, то есть исключаются технологические операции добычи, обработки, транспортировки, хранения, контроля, являющиеся частью общего производственного процесса. Приводятся результаты теоретических и экспериментальных исследований проведённых в Институте Геологии ДНЦ РАН с целью применения глинистых сланцев, аргиллитовых глин, кремнеземистого и техногенного сырья для изготовления вяжущих веществ, теплоизоляционных и стеновых материалов нового поколения, получаемых по инновационной, наукоемкой, низкообжиговой и безобжиговой, следовательно, энерго-ресурсосберегающей технологии. The relevance of the development and implementation of innovative high-tech, energy-resource-saving, environmentally friendly, high technologies from mineral and industrial raw materials in various industries is noted. At the same time, an important role in the use of raw materials in the construction industry belongs to the building materials industry, especially the use of natural raw materials and, in this regard, the development of innovative projects that allow the integrated development of nonmetallic deposits, including overburden, including mining, processing and production of building materials. It has been established by practice that the production of building materials from technogenic raw materials is much cheaper than using natural non-metallic raw materials, since some production wastes can be used without proper processing, that is, technological operations of extraction, processing, transportation, storage, and control, which are part of the overall production process, are excluded. The results of theoretical and experimental studies carried out at the Institute of Geology of the Dagestan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences with the aim of using shale, argilite clay, silica and technogenic raw materials for the manufacture of binders, heat-insulating and wall materials of the new generation, are obtained from innovative, high-tech, low-firing and unburned, therefore, energy resource-saving technology

scholarly journals INNOVATIVE PROCESSES OF DEEP AND ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE PROCESSING OF TECHNOGENIC RAW MATERIALS IN THE CONDITIONS OF NEW ECONOMIC CHALLENGES

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-237
Author(s):  
Valentin CHANTURIA ◽  
◽  
Irina SHADRUNOVA ◽  
Olga GORLOVA ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Secondary Products ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Mineral Raw Materials ◽  
The Face ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials

Innovative processes of deep and complex processing of technogenic raw materials in the context of sustainable development of the mining industry and the economic challenges facing the mining industry should ensure the transition to a circular economy and the maximum use of natural resources. The article reflects the priority scientific and technological research on the involvement of technogenic mineral resources in efficient processing. Presented, developed at ICEMR RAS, including jointly with universities, research and production organizations and enterprises, modern innovative processes of deep and environmentally friendly processing of refractory mineral raw materials of complex material composition (tailings of enrichment of non-ferrous and noble metal ores, poor off-balance ores, slags ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy, sludge of metallurgical production) and hydro-mineral technogenic resources (acidic mineralized bottom-dump waters of mining enterprises of the copper-zinc complex of the Urals, saponite-containing circulating waters of diamond processing factories). Among other things, new directions in the field of selective disintegration of finely dispersed mineral raw materials based on energy effects and deep processing of slags are outlined; increasing the selectivity of enrichment processes; combined processing of technogenic raw materials; resource-saving processing of technogenic and hydro-mineral resources, obtaining secondary products from processing waste. It is shown that in the face of new economic challenges, Russia has sufficient scientific and technological potential in the field of deep and environmentally safe processing of technogenic raw materials in the form of developed and, to varying degrees, tested innovative resource-saving technologies that correspond to the world level, and in a number of technologies are superior to it.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE IN THE FORM OF CERAMIC CHIPS CRUSHING DROPOUTS ON THE MAIN PROPERTIES OF CEMENT COMPOSITES

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
S-A.Yu. Murtazaev ◽  
A. Uspanova ◽  
M. Hadzhiev ◽  
V. Hadisov
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Cement Composites ◽  
Optimal Composition ◽  
Ceramic Brick ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials

during the implementation of the program to restore the housing stock of the Chechen Republic, as well as during the planned demolition of dilapidated housing, significant volumes of technogenic raw materials were generated, in particular, large volumes of brick and concrete scrap. Enterprises for the production of building materials and products also produce significant volumes of production defects, which accumulate over the years at landfills. Ceramic broken brick and broken brick dropouts are used to fill the roadbed, and the main part still goes to the dump and landfill, which is also an environmental problem. One of the promising ways to use dropouts and broken brick itself is to use them as secondary aggregates in concrete and mortars. This article discusses the issues of improving the quality of ceramic concrete mixtures, choosing the optimal composition and technology for mixing concrete mixtures using dust fractions of dropouts for crushing ceramic brick bricks

Resource-Saving Technologies in the Thermal Insulation-Structural Foam Glass Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 974 ◽  
pp. 356-361
Author(s):  
O.V. Kuznetsova ◽  
N.D. Yatsenko ◽  
A.I. Subbotin ◽  
M.Yu. Klimenko
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Foam Glass ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Glass Production ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Structural Foam ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Research Areas

The modern building materials market places high demands on heat-insulating and heat-insulating structural materials. In this connection, the issues of developing high-quality building materials obtained on the resource-saving technologies basis allowing to solve two interrelated problems are topical. The first problem is the industrial waste generated and existing stocks disposal. The second is associated with a decrease in the traditional raw materials deficit [1]. These problems solution, combining rational technological solutions, is based on the scientific research achievements in this area, in particular in the foam glass production. The priority scientific research areas in the foam glass materials production are the developments related to the study, the new raw materials use and the production of foam glass mixture compositions on their basis, which provide, along with the necessary performance properties, high environmental safety requirements [2, 3].

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF MECHANICAL ACTIVATION OF SILICA-CONTAINING ROCKS

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
A. Shamanina ◽  
Arkadiy Ayzenshtadt ◽  
V. Kononova ◽  
V. Danilov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Activation ◽  
Surface Activity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Functional Dependence ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Mineral Components ◽  
Time Parameters

Rocks of various chemical and mineralogical composition are widely used as raw materials in the construction materials industry. At the same time, preliminary mechanical activation of mineral raw materials to a finely dispersed state contributes to a change in the energy potential of the system and affects the tendency of the surface of a finely dispersed system to transformations. Studies of the physicochemical activity of mechanically activated rocks allow to determine the rational areas of use of mineral components. The paper presents the results of evaluating the efficiency of mechanical activation of silica-containing raw materials by the values of surface activity (ks), defined as the ratio of the value of the free surface energy to the specific mass energy of atomization. Fine powders are obtained by grinding in a planetary ball mill to a different specific surface area of quartz sand (1200 – 3000 m2/kg) and polymineral sand (700 – 1335 m2/kg). The presence of a functional dependence of the surface activity on the time parameters of mechanical activation of the studied rocks is shown. The mechanical activation of the feedstock at the optimal time of its grinding makes it possible to achieve a given value of the surface activity. It is recommended to use the ks parameter as a criterion for assessing the efficiency of the process of mechanical activation of silica-containing rocks

scholarly journals Mixed magnesian binders using local silicate waste production

2021 ◽  
Vol 2131 (4) ◽  
pp. 042035
Author(s):  
E Lytkina
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Similar Process ◽  
Environmental Aspect ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Material Component ◽  
Additional Processing ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials

Abstract Today, the waste of the mining industry is more than 8 billion tons. Analysis of the literature data showed that most of the man-made waste that is generated as a result of the development of mineral deposits is suitable for use in many industries, in particular, in the production of building materials. The use of technogenic raw materials allows us to solve the following tasks: Environmental aspect - reducing the number of dumps and reducing their volumes. And this, in turn, improves the ecology of regions and territories. 2. Economic aspect - reducing the cost of construction products through the use of almost free raw materials, the release of more competitive products. Of course, it is necessary to provide that part of the costs will be spent on additional processing, revision, activation, modification of this technogenic raw material component. But today we have to think about how to clear the territory of substandard “waste rock” and use it to reduce the production and consumption of natural raw materials. A similar process can create waste-free production.

scholarly journals Mechanical performance of biodegradable hemp shivs and corn starch-based biocomposite boards

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arūnas Kremensas ◽  
Agnė Kairytė Kairytė ◽  
Saulius Vaitkus ◽  
Sigitas Vėjelis ◽  
Giedrius Balčiūnas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Building Industry ◽  
Wood Polymer

For the production of traditional building materials, excavated natural resources are used. The production process of such materials requires high-energy demands, wherefore, high amounts of CO2 gases, which have a great impact on climate change, are emitted. Only a small part of such materials is effectively recycled and reused. Generally, they are transported to landfills, which rapidly expand and may pollute the soil, groundwater and air. Currently, a great attention is paid to the production of novel building materials. The aim is to use as less excavated materials as possible and replace them by natural renewable resources. Therefore, the recycling and utilisation at the end of life cycle of such materials would be easier and generation of waste would reduce. This way, the efforts of switching to circular economy are being put. One of the approaches – wider application of vegetable-based raw materials (cultivated and uncultivated agricultural plants). The usage of fibre hemp shives (HS) as an aggregate and corn stach (CS) as a binding material allows development of biocomposite boards (WPCs) which could contribute to the solution of the before mentioned problems. Bio-sourced materials combined with a polymer matrix offer an interesting alternative to traditional building materials. To contribute to their wider acceptance and application, an investigation into the use of wood-polymer composite boards is presented. In this study, biocomposite boards for the building industry are reported. WPCa are fabricated using a dry incorporation method of corn starch and HS treatment with water at 100 °C. The amount of CS and the size of the HS fraction are evaluated by means of compressive, bending and tensile strength, as well as microstructure. The results show that the rational amount of CS, independently on HS fraction, is 10 wt.%. The obtained WPCs have compressive stress at 10% of deformation in the range of (2.4–3.0) MPa, bending of (4.4–6.3) MPa and tensile strength of (0.23– 0.45) MPa. Additionally, the microstructural analysis shows that 10 wt.% of CS forms a sufficient amount of contact zones that strengthen the final product. The obtained average density (~319–408 kg/m3) indicate that, according to European normative document EN 316, WPCs can be classified as softboards and used as self-bearing structural material for building industry. Based on the requirements, WPCs can be applied in dry and humid conditions for the internal and external uses without loading (EN 622-4, section 4.2) or as load-bearing boards in dry and humid conditions for instantaneous or short-term load duration (EN 622-4, section 4.3).

Analysis of the Synthetic Fiber Influence on the Cement Stone New Formations Composition in Foam Concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 1043 ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Vladimir Morgun ◽  
Lyubov Morgun ◽  
Denis Votrin ◽  
Viktor Nagorskiy
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Synthetic Fiber ◽  
Cement Stone ◽  
Foam Concrete ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Hydrated Silicate ◽  
Acicular Structure ◽  
Concrete Operational

The relevance of the search for scientifically grounded tools, with the help of which it is possible to ensure the growth of crack resistance and strength of foam concrete, is noted. The systemic need of the building complex for energy-and resource-saving operationally reliable building materials is emphasized. The positive influence of the surface energy potential of the fibrous fiber of polymer and carbon composition on the possibility of forming an improved structure of the cement stone in the composition of the interpore partitions of foam concrete has been scientifically substantiated. The article provides information on the foam mixtures formulation and the timing of their hardening. The scans of the investigated materials’ X-ray diffraction patterns and the identification table of the detected hydration neoplasms of the cement stone are presented. The scientific substantiation reliability is experimentally confirmed by the results of the analysis performed, from which it follows that all foam concretes contain quartz, portlandite, hydro-aluminates and calcium hydro-silicates. It has been established that the introduction of fiber into the foam mixture formulation creates the prerequisites for the appearance of such varieties of the hydrated silicate phase as nekoite, which has a fibrous structure at the nanoscale, and foshagite, which has an acicular structure of crystals with increased hardness. The listed mineral hydrated new formations of cement stone, due to their individual properties, should contribute to the foam concrete operational properties’ improvement.

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