The Physical and Numerical Modelling of Heat Treatment of Experimental Steels for Pipelines

2015 ◽  
Vol 220-221 ◽  
pp. 754-759
Author(s):  
Bartosz Koczurkiewicz ◽  
Marcin Knapiński ◽  
Henryk Dyja ◽  
Anna Kawałek
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Numerical Modelling ◽  
Physical Simulation ◽  
Characteristic Temperature ◽  
Metallographic Examination ◽  
Steel Microstructure ◽  
Continuous Cooling ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Commercial Program ◽  
Numerical Research

The paper presents the results of the physical and numerical modelling of heat treatment of experimental steels for pipelines. Simulation has been conducted at the Institute of Metal Forming and Safety Engineering of Częstochowa University of Technology. The numerical modelling of heat treatment has been carried using commercial program TTSteel. Based on the results of computer simulation, changes in steel microstructure during continuous cooling have been analysed, and the characteristics of temperature and the diagram of Continuous Cooling Transformation (CCT) have been constructed. Numerical research has been verified running the physical simulation of heat treatment of steel using dilatometer DIL805 A/D. The characteristic temperature of steel and the size of the former austenite grains have been determined. Also, the metallographic examination of the samples was conducted and Vickers hardness was tested. The obtained results have been used for building a real CCT diagram of steel.

The Physical and Numerical Modeling of Heat Treatment the Experimental Complex-Phase (CP) Steel

2012 ◽  
Vol 706-709 ◽  
pp. 1497-1502 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Rapalska ◽  
Henryk Dyja ◽  
Bartosz Koczurkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Physical Simulation ◽  
Characteristic Temperature ◽  
Complex Phase ◽  
Plastic Properties ◽  
Metallographic Examination ◽  
Steel Microstructure ◽  
Experimental Complex

The fast development of automotive industry effects significantly on aspirations of designers and constructors to reduces the mass-produced cars, affecting meaningly on fuel consumption and gas emition. From the standpoint of automotive industry materials for modern car-body sheets should have high mechanical properties (primarily high tensil strenght) and very good cupping. The required high mechanical and plastic properties steels used in produce of car bodies are dependent on the type of the obtaining structure, witch be shaped by an appropriate heat and thermo-plastic treatment. The modern steels used in automotive industry are multi-phase steels e.g. dual-phase (DP), complex-phase (CP) and transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) steels. In this paper are presented the results of physical and numerical modeling of heat treatment the experimental complex-phase steel, witch be conducted in the Institute of Modeling and Automation of Plastic Working Processing on Częstochowa University of Technology. The numerical modellig of heat treatment were carried with using the commercial programe TTSteel. Based on the results of computer simulation the changes of steel microstructure during continuous cooling were analyzed and the characteristics temperature and CCT diagram was constructed. Numerical research have been verified by the physical simulation of heat treatment by the dilatometer DIL805. The characteristic temperature of investigated steel and the size of initial austenite grains were determined. On the samples was also metallographic examination and Vickers hardness testing conducted. The obtained results were used to build a real CCT diagram of steel.

Effects of Heat Treatment on Microstructure Parameters, Mechanical Properties and Cold Resistance of Sparingly Alloyed High-Strength Steel

2021 ◽  
Vol 410 ◽  
pp. 197-202
Author(s):  
Pavel P. Poleckov ◽  
Olga A. Nikitenko ◽  
Alla S. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Cold Resistance ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Steel Microstructure ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Microstructure Parameters ◽  
Temperature Impact ◽  
Low Temperature Impact Toughness

This study considers the influence of various heat treatment conditions on the change of steel microstructure parameters, mechanical properties and cold resistance at a temperature of-60 °C. The common behavior of these properties is considered depending on the heating temperature used for quenching and subsequent tempering. Based on the obtained results, heat treatment conditions are proposed that provide a combination of a guaranteed yield point σ0.2 ≥600 N/mm2 with a low-temperature impact toughness KCV-60 ≥50 J/cm2 and plasticity δ5 ≥17%. The obtained research results are intended for industrial use at the mill "5000" site of MMK PJSC.

scholarly journals Significantly fast spinodal decomposition and inhomogeneous nanoscale martensitic transformation in Ti–Nb–O alloys

2020 ◽  
Vol 321 ◽  
pp. 11049
Author(s):  
Yuya ISHIGURO ◽  
Yuhki TSUKADA ◽  
Toshiyuki KOYAMA
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Martensitic Transformation ◽  
Spinodal Decomposition ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Phase Field Method ◽  
Isothermal Heat Treatment ◽  
Phase Decomposition ◽  
Rate Condition ◽  
Continuous Cooling ◽  
Β Phase

The β phase spinodal decomposition during continuous cooling in Ti‒Nb‒O alloys is investigated by the phase-field method. Addition of only a few at.%O to Ti‒23Nb (at.%) alloy remarkably increases the driving force of the β phase spinodal decomposition. During isothermal heat treatment at 1000 K and 1100 K in Ti‒23Nb‒3O (at.%) alloy, the β phase separates into β1 phase denoted as (Ti)1(O, Va)3 and β2 phase denoted as (Ti, Nb)1(Va)3, resulting in the formation of nanoscale concentration modulation. The phase decomposition progresses in 0.3‒20 ms. In Ti‒23Nb‒XO alloys (X = 1.0, 1.2, 2.0), the spinodal decomposition occurs during continuous cooling with the rate of 500 K s‒1, indicating that the spinodal decomposition occurs during water quenching in the alloys. It is assumed that there is a threshold value of oxygen composition for inducing the spinodal decomposition because it does not occur during continuous cooling in Ti‒23Nb‒0.6O (at.%) alloy. The concentration modulation introduced by the β phase decomposition has significant effect on the β→α” martensitic transformation. Hence, it seems that for controlling microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti‒Nb‒O alloys, careful control of heat treatment temperature and cooling rate condition is required.

scholarly journals Theoretical and Numerical Research on V-Cut Parameters and Auxiliary Cuthole Criterion in Tunnelling

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoming Lou ◽  
Bao Wang ◽  
En Wu ◽  
Mingwu Sun ◽  
Ping Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modelling ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Rock Breaking ◽  
Theoretical Solution ◽  
Critical Depth ◽  
Forming Mechanism ◽  
Breaking Mechanism ◽  
Numerical Research ◽  
Explosive Properties ◽  
Dip Angle

This paper aims at providing a sound theoretical solution to auxiliary central hole and the cutting parameters. For this purpose, the forming mechanism of V-cut cavity for cutting blasting was performed based on the hypothetical rock breaking mechanism of V-cut blasting. A theoretical solution for increasing the critical depth of the auxiliary center cuthole and the criteria for increasing the cuthole diameter of various types of cutholes when the rock attributes, explosive properties, and cuthole dip angle are constant are proposed. (1) If charging length le < 0.75H/sin θ, no auxiliary cuthole is needed. (2) If 0.75H/sin θ < le < 0.75H/sin θ + (2∼4) × 0.1, a central vertical auxiliary hole is needed. (3) If 0.75H/sin θ + (2∼4) × 0.1 < le < 0.75(H/sin θ + Hi/sin θi), a shallow inclined hole is needed. (4) If le > 0.75(H/sin θ + Hi/sin θi), both the central vertical cuthole and the shallow inclined cuthole are needed. Meanwhile, the theoretical solution was verified by numerical modelling with ANSYS/LS-DYNA. Moreover, the field implementation of the V-cut and the auxiliary hole effectively improved the blasting effect in both efficiency and economy.

Microstructure and Properties Formed at Different Cooling Rates of Low Carbon Alloy Steel for Welding Wire Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 304 ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
Natalya Koptseva ◽  
Yulia Efimova ◽  
Mikhail Chukin ◽  
Alexander Pesin ◽  
N. Tokareva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Physical Simulation ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Welding Wire ◽  
Continuous Cooling ◽  
Hardware Processing ◽  
Gleeble 3500 ◽  
Hot Rolled ◽  
Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagram ◽  
Undercooled Austenite

Physical simulation of steel Mn3Ni1CrMo continuous cooling with different speeds from austenitic state was performed using GLEEBLE 3500 complex. The phase transformations are analyzed and the effect of the cooling rate on the structure and hardness is investigated. A continuous cooling transformation diagram of the undercooled austenite decomposition is constructed. It was concluded that it is possible to reduce the hardness of the hot-rolled billet by reducing the cooling rate compared to the existing in the processing at the STELMOR line of PJSC “MMK”, and this will eliminate the heat treatment of welding wire on the hardware processing.

scholarly journals Identification of Mechanical Properties for Titanium Alloy Ti-6Al-4V Produced Using LENS Technology

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Szafrańska ◽  
Anna Antolak-Dudka ◽  
Paweł Baranowski ◽  
Paweł Bogusz ◽  
Dariusz Zasada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Numerical Modelling ◽  
Optical Measurement ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Material Behavior ◽  
Material Data ◽  
Loading Direction ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Net Shaping

This paper presents a characterization study of specimens manufactured from Ti-6Al-4V powder with the use of laser engineered net shaping technology (LENS). Two different orientations of the specimens were considered to analyze the loading direction influence on the material mechanical properties. Moreover, two sets of specimens, as-built (without heat treatment) and after heat treatment, were used. An optical measurement system was also adopted for determining deformation of the specimen, areas of minimum and the maximum principal strain, and an effective plastic strain value at failure. The loading direction dependence on the material properties was observed with a significant influence of the orientation on the stress and strain level. Microstructure characterization was examined with the use of optical and scanning electron microscopes (SEM); in addition, the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) was also used. The fracture mechanism was discussed based on the fractography analysis. The presented comprehensive methodology proved to be effective and it could be implemented for different materials in additive technologies. The material data was used to obtain parameters for the selected constitutive model to simulate the energy absorbing structures manufactured with LENS technology. Therefore, a brief discussion related to numerical modelling of the LENS Ti-6Al-4V alloy was also included in the paper. The numerical modelling confirmed the correctness of the acquired material data resulting in a reasonable reproduction of the material behavior during the cellular structure deformation process.

scholarly journals The Microstructure and Phase Composition of 35CrSiMN5-5-4 Steel After Quenching and Partitioning Heat Treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 1683-1688
Author(s):  
E. Skołek ◽  
K. Wasiak ◽  
W.A. Świątnicki
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Phase Composition ◽  
Retained Austenite ◽  
Lower Bainite ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Quenching And Partitioning ◽  
Steel Microstructure ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Dilatometric Studies ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract The aim of the study was to characterise the microstructure of 35CrSiMn5-5-4 steel which was subjected to a new heat treatment technology of quenching and partitioning (Q&P). The parameters of the treatment were chosen on the basis of computer simulations and dilatometric studies of phase transformations occurring in steel. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations of steel microstructure after the Q&P treatment revealed the presence of martensite as well as significant amount of retained austenite in form of layers between the martensite laths. The rod-like carbides in the ferritic areas were also observed, which indicates the presence of lower bainite in steel. It was found that the retained austenite content measured by means of TEM was about 28% for partitioning at 400°C and 25% for partitioning at 260°C. These results are in good agreement with the phase composition calculated theoretically as well as those determined experimentally by use of dilatometric tests.

Research on the Annealing Process of AISI4145H Steel

2011 ◽  
Vol 415-417 ◽  
pp. 825-830
Author(s):  
Zhen Yi Huang ◽  
Yi Qian Wang ◽  
You He Li ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
Xiao Feng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Physical Simulation ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Annealing Process ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Annealing Furnace ◽  
New Process

Abstract. This paper had an improvement research on the annealing process of AISI4145H steel by changing the processing parameters of heat treatment in laboratory. An experimental physical simulation was conducted between 650 °C and 740 °C. The effect upon the hardness of AISI4145H steel under different temperature and holding time investigated. And the condition of Φ 150 mm AISI4145H steel that was heated and warmed up in an annealing furnace was tested by adopting a black box. Results showed that the Ac1 of AISI4145H steel was 757.2 °C and the Ac3 was 787.7 °C. By the annealed conditions that sample was heated at 710 °C for 1h, cooled to 500 °C in furnace and cooled in air in turn, we found its hardness was HRC 21.4 and meet the needs of industrial production. New process of the present work shortened holding time of workpiece, increased cooling rate of annealed, shortened the annealed time about 24 h, effectively increased production efficiency, and reduced production costs.

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