Electrolytic Production and Structure of Ni+Al+Ti Composite Coatings

2015 ◽  
Vol 228 ◽  
pp. 168-171
Author(s):  
Iwona Napłoszek ◽  
Eugeniusz Łągiewka ◽  
A. Budniok ◽  
Magdalena Popczyk ◽  
Grzegorz Dercz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Electrolytic Production ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electrochemical Processes ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Multi Phase ◽  
Galvanostatic Conditions ◽  
Xrd Method

The Ni+Al+Ti composite coatings were prepared by the electrodeposition under the galvanostatic conditions at the deposition current denisty ofjdep= -225 mA cm-2. Phase composition investigations were conducted by X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. The surface morphology, cross-section and chemical composition of the coatings were examined using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. Thermal treatment of the obtained composite coatings was conducted in argon atmosphere at the temperature of 800oC for 12 h. It was found that the as-deposited Ni+28at.%Al+25at.%Ti composite coating is a three-phase material (Ni, Al and Ti phases). The thermal treatment caused the chemical reaction in solid state of the heated coating, and a new multi-phase material was formed containing Ni and Al metallic phases as well as NiAl, Ni2Al3, Ni3Al, NiTi, NiTi2and Ni3Ti intermetallic phases. Thus obtained composite coatings may be useful in the applications as materials in the electrochemical processes.

Influence of Thermal Treatment on the Electrochemical Properties of Ni+W+Mo+Si Composite Coatings in an Alkaline Solution

2015 ◽  
Vol 228 ◽  
pp. 305-309
Author(s):  
Magdalena Popczyk ◽  
Bożena Łosiewicz ◽  
Eugeniusz Łągiewka ◽  
A. Budniok
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion ◽  
Argon Atmosphere ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Corrosion Resistant ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Galvanostatic Conditions ◽  
Xrd Method

The Ni+W+Mo+Si composite coatings were prepared by electrodeposition under the galvanostatic conditions (jdep= -100 mA cm-2) from the nickel bath containing powders of tungsten, molybdenum and silicon. Thermal treatment of the obtained coatings was conducted in argon atmosphere. Chemical composition of the coatings was determined by energy dispersive spectrocopy (EDS). Phase composition investigations were conducted by X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. Studies of electrochemical corrosion resistance were carried out in 5 M KOH solution. On the basis of these investigations it was found that Ni+W+Mo+Si thermally treated coating is more corrosion resistant than Ni+W+Mo+Si as-deposited coating.

Influence of Thermal Treatment on the Electrochemical Properties of Ni+Mo Composite Coatings in an Alkaline Solution

2015 ◽  
Vol 228 ◽  
pp. 231-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Popczyk ◽  
B. Łosiewicz ◽  
Eugeniusz Łągiewka ◽  
A. Budniok
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Electrochemical Properties ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Corrosion Resistant ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Galvanostatic Conditions ◽  
Xrd Method

The Ni+Mo composite coatings were prepared by electrodeposition under the galvanostatic conditions (jdep= -300 mA cm-2) from the nickel bath containing molybdenum powders of different granulation (3-7 μm, <150 μm, <100 nm). Thermal treatment of the obtained coatings was conducted in the argon atmosphere. The surface morphology of the coatings was studied using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Chemical composition of the electrodeposits was determined by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF). Phase composition investigations were conducted by X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. Investigations of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and electrochemical corrosion resistance were carried out in 5 M KOH solution. It was found that for the Ni+Mo thermally treated coatings the decrease in activity towards the HER was observed. Simultaneously these coatings are more corrosion resistant than Ni+Mo as-deposited coatings. The reasons for the electrochemical properties of these coatings have been discussed.

Production and Structure of Ni-W and Ni+W Coatings

2015 ◽  
Vol 228 ◽  
pp. 153-157
Author(s):  
Magdalena Popczyk ◽  
Bożena Łosiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Tungsten Powder ◽  
Alloy Coating ◽  
Porous Coating ◽  
Nickel Matrix ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hydrogen Technologies ◽  
Composite Deposits ◽  
Galvanostatic Conditions ◽  
Xrd Method

The Ni-W alloy coatings and Ni+W composite deposits were prepared by the electrodeposition under the galvanostatic conditions at the deposition current density ofjdep= -300 mA cm-2. The surface morphology and chemical composition of the coatings were examined using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. Phase composition investigations were conducted by X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. It was found that introduction of tungsten powder into nickel matrix allowed to obtain the Ni+W composite coating with very rough surface as compared with the smooth Ni-W alloy coating. Thus obtained Ni+W porous coating may be useful for the need of hydrogen technologies.

Production and Structure of Nickel-Phosphorus Electrolytic Coatings Modified with Metallic Tungsten or Nickel Oxide

2015 ◽  
Vol 228 ◽  
pp. 163-167
Author(s):  
Magdalena Popczyk ◽  
B. Łosiewicz ◽  
Eugeniusz Łągiewka ◽  
A. Budniok
Keyword(s):  
Nickel Oxide ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Tungsten Powder ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
P Matrix ◽  
Galvanostatic Conditions ◽  
Xrd Method

Electrodeposited Ni-P, Ni-W-P, Ni-P+W and Ni-P+NiO+W coatings were obtained in the galvanostatic conditions at the current density jdep = -200 mA cm-2. A stereoscopic microscope was used for surface characterization of the coatings. The phase composition of the coatings was determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. The chemical composition of the deposits was determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). It was found out that the introduction of the tungsten powder in one case, and the nickel oxide and tungsten powder in the other into the electrolytic Ni-P matrix results in obtaining the coatings with a very rough surface. The coatings obtained in this way may be useful while applying them as electrode materials in electrochemistry.

scholarly journals Optical, XPS and XRD Studies of Semiconducting Copper Sulfide Layers on a Polyamide Film

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Krylova ◽  
Mindaugas Andrulevičius
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Copper Sulfide ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Xps Spectra ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Xrd Studies ◽  
Polyamide Film ◽  
Indirect Band Gap ◽  
Xrd Method

Copper sulfide layers were formed on polyamide PA 6 surface using the sorption-diffusion method. Polymer samples were immersed for 4 and 5 h in 0.15 mol⋅  solutions and acidified with HCl (0.1 mol⋅) at . After washing and drying, the samples were treated with Cu(I) salt solution. The samples were studied by UV/VIS, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) methods. All methods confirmed that on the surface of the polyamide film a layer of copper sulfide was formed. The copper sulfide layers are indirect band-gap semiconductors. The values of are 1.25 and 1.3 eV for 4 h and 5 h sulfured PA 6 respectively. Copper XPS spectra analyses showed Cu(I) bonds only in deeper layers of the formed film, while in sulfur XPS S 2p spectra dominating sulfide bonds were found after cleaning the surface with ions. It has been established by the XRD method that, beside , the layer contains as well. For PA 6 initially sulfured 4 h, grain size forchalcocite, , was  nm and fordjurleite, , it was 54.17 nm. The sheet resistance of the obtained layer varies from 6300 to 102 .

Determination of crystallinity of Chinese handmade papers by means of X-ray diffraction

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-86
Author(s):  
Peng Liu ◽  
Hongbin Zhang ◽  
Sinong Wang ◽  
Hui Yu ◽  
Bingjie Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Influence ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Eulaliopsis Binata ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Powder Samples ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Xrd Method

AbstractThe crystallinity indices (CrI) of Chinese handmade papers were investigated using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. Four Chinese handmade papers, Yingchun, Zhuma, Yuanshu and Longxucao papers were used as model substrates of mulberry bark, ramie, bamboo and Eulaliopsis binata papers, respectively. Two forms of the paper samples, paper sheets and their comminuted powders, were used in this study. The results showed that their XRD patterns belong to the cellulose-I type and Iβ dominates the cellulose microstructure of these paper samples. Moreover, it was found that the microstructures and CrIs of cellulose of these papers were changed by the grinding treatment. This work suggested that the sheet form of the handmade papers is suitable to determine CrI by XRD, despite the contribution of non-cellulosic components in the papers. The order of CrIs for these paper sheet samples was Yingchun, Zhuma, Longxucao and Yuanshu papers. Besides CrIs, differences in cross-sectional areas of the crystalline zone of cellulose can be used for comparing different types of handmade papers. It was also found that the CrIs and crystallite size of paper cellulose varied between the sheet samples and the powder samples, illustrating that the pulverisation has a negative influence on the microstructure of the handmade papers.

scholarly journals Linear Structural Trends and Multi-Phase Intergrowths in Helvine-Group Minerals, (Zn,Fe,Mn)8[Be6Si6O24]S2

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Sytle Antao
Keyword(s):  
Cell Parameter ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Fluid Composition ◽  
Ternary Solid Solution ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Multi Phase ◽  
And Diffusion

Synchrotron high-resolution powder X-ray diffraction (HRPXRD) and Rietveld structure refinements were used to examine the crystal structure of single phases and intergrowths (either two or three phases) in 13 samples of the helvine-group minerals, (Zn,Fe,Mn)8[Be6Si6O24]S2. The helvine structure was refined in the cubic space group P4¯3n. For the intergrowths, simultaneous refinements were carried out for each phase. The structural parameters for each phase in an intergrowth are only slightly different from each other. Each phase in an intergrowth has well-defined unit-cell and structural parameters that are significantly different from the three endmembers and these do not represent exsolution or immiscibility gaps in the ternary solid-solution series. The reason for the intergrowths in the helvine-group minerals is not clear considering the similar radii, identical charge, and diffusion among the interstitial M cations (Zn2+, Fe2+, and Mn2+) that are characteristic of elongated tetrahedral coordination. The difference between the radii of Zn2+ and Mn2+ cations is 10%. Depending on the availability of the M cations, intergrowths may occur as the temperature, pressure, fugacity fS2, and fluid composition change on crystallization. The Be–Si atoms are fully ordered. The Be–O and Si–O distances are nearly constant. Several structural parameters (Be–O–Si bridging angle, M–O, M–S, average <M–O/S>[4] distances, and TO4 rotational angles) vary linearly with the a unit-cell parameter across the series because of the size of the M cation.

Structural-phase transition in (Cu2Te)2−x(ZnTe)x at high temperature

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150113
Author(s):  
H. B. Gasimov ◽  
R. M. Rzayev
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Phase Transitions ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Structural Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Xrd Study ◽  
Xrd Method

Cu2Te single crystal was grown by the Bridgman method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) study of Cu2Te single crystals in the temperature range of 293–893 K was performed and possible phase transitions in the mentioned range of temperature have been investigated. (Cu2Te)[Formula: see text](ZnTe)[Formula: see text] single crystals also were grown with [Formula: see text], 0.05, 0.10 concentrations and structural properties of the obtained single crystals were investigated by the XRD method in the temperature range 293–893 K. Lattice parameters and possible phase transitions in the mention temperature range were determined for (Cu2Te)[Formula: see text](ZnTe)[Formula: see text] single crystals for [Formula: see text], 0.05, 0.10 concentrations.

Thermal stability and miscibility of co-evaporated methyl ammonium lead halide (MAPbX3, X = I, Br, Cl) thin films analysed by in situ X-ray diffraction

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (24) ◽  
pp. 11496-11506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Pistor ◽  
Thomas Burwig ◽  
Carlo Brzuska ◽  
Björn Weber ◽  
Wolfgang Fränzel
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Phase Evolution ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Crystalline Phases ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Subsequent Thermal Treatment ◽  
Lead Halide

We present the identification of crystalline phases by in situ X-ray diffraction during growth and monitor the phase evolution during subsequent thermal treatment of CH3NH3PbX3 (X = I, Br, Cl) perovskite thin films.

scholarly journals Термодинамические свойства оксипентафторида ванадия (IV), (NH-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-)-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-VOF-=SUB=-5-=/SUB=-

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 1123
Author(s):  
Е.В. Богданов ◽  
Е.И. Погорельцев ◽  
А.В. Карташев ◽  
М.В. Горев ◽  
М.С. Молокеев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Dielectric Studies ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Limits Of Stability ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Temperature Dependences ◽  
Spectroscopy Studies

Abstract The (NH_4)_3VOF_5 crystals have been synthesized and their homogeneity and single-phase structure has been established by the X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies. The investigations of the temperature dependences of specific heat, entropy, strain, and pressure susceptibility show the occurrence of three phase transitions caused by the structural transformations in the (NH_4)_3VOF_5 crystals. The T – p phase diagram shows the temperature limits of stability of the crystalline phases implemented in (NH_4)_3VOF_5. The optical and dielectric studies disclose the ferroelastic nature of the phase transitions. An analysis of the experimental data together with the data on the isostructural (NH_4)_3VO_2F_4 crystal makes it possible to distinguish the physical properties of oxyfluorides containing vanadium of different valences (IV and V).

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