Genetic and morphometric variations in the Lebanese populations of the flower-head-infesting fruit fly, Terellia serratulae (Diptera: Tephritidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 149 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-88
Author(s):  
S.G. Haddad ◽  
C.A. Smith ◽  
M.S. Al-Zein ◽  
K.M. Knio
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Ovipositor Length ◽  
Wing Width ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
The Difference

AbstractThe polyphagous fruit fly, Terellia serratulae (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Tephritidae), exploits hosts belonging to three genera of thistles: Carduus Linnaeus, Cirsium Miller, and Picnomon Adanson (Asteraceae). The difference in phenology among its hosts suggests intraspecific variation. Comparative morphometric and genetic studies revealed differences among its populations. Adults reared from different hosts showed intraspecific morphological variations. Canonical discriminant analysis based on two head and four wing measurements divided the adults into four distinct clusters with 70% accuracy, reflecting four host-associated populations. The most useful predictors in distinguishing adults associated with the different host plants were wing width and head length, in addition to ovipositor length for females. Only the ovipositor tip in females reared from Picnomon acarna (Linnaeus) Cassini was clearly distinct. Mitochondrial DNA sequencing revealed genetic differentiation among the different populations of T. serratulae with the P. acarna-associated population being most distinct. Sequencing a region of the mtND1 gene and mtCOXI gene revealed nine and seven haplotypes, respectively. Surprisingly, haplotype sequences of flies emerging from P. acarna showed a sequence divergence of over 3% for both genes. This study provides morphometric and molecular evidence supporting that the Lebanese T. serratulae population associated with P. acarna most likely constitutes a distinct host race.

scholarly journals Morphological study of variations in shape of coronoid process of adult human mandible

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-118
Author(s):  
Nimisha Madhu ◽  
Chandra Kiran ◽  
Rajendra Prasad ◽  
Praveen Kumar ◽  
Ramanuj Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Coronoid Process ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Adult Human ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
The Difference

Many researchers have studied the morphology of coronoid process and have found varying shapes but such a study is lacking in this area.The present study was conducted to identify different morphological variations in shape of coronoid process of adult human mandible. The present cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of Anatomy at a Medical College of Bihar upon 46 dry adult human mandibles i.e. 92 coronoid processes. The morphological forms of coronoid process were noted.57.6% of coronoid processes were triangular in shape, 28.3% were rounded and 14.1% were hook shaped. The difference between male and female mandibles was found to be statistically significant (p=0.004).The proper knowledge on the morphological shapes of coronoid process is useful for maxillofacial surgeons as well as to be used as an anthropological marker to assess different populations and races.

scholarly journals Detection of New Translocation in Infant Twins with Concordant ALL and Discordant Outcome

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Golamreza Bahoush ◽  
Maryam Vafapour ◽  
Roxana Kariminejad
Keyword(s):  
Gene Rearrangement ◽  
Cytogenetic Study ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Monozygotic Twins ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Cytogenetic Testing ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Special Case ◽  
Mll Gene Rearrangement

About 2–5% of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cases in pediatric patients are infants with an unfavorable prognosis because of high relapse probability. Early detection of the disease is, therefore, very important. Despite the fact that leukemia in twins occurs rarely, more attention has been paid to it in genetic studies. In the present study, through cytogenetic testing, a special case of concordant ALL in monozygotic twins was presented with different outcomes. In spite of an acceptable initial consequence to medical treatment in twins, in another brother (Twin B), early relapse was observed. In the cytogenetic study, both twins expressed t (4; 11) (q21; q23) while twin A expressed t (2; 7) (p10; q10). No cases have previously reported this mutation. Whether this translocation has a protective role for leukemia with mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) gene rearrangement is still unclear. The difference in the translocation identified in the identical twins is also subject to further investigations.

THE GROWTH OF IQ AMONG ESTONIAN SCHOOLCHILDREN FROM AGES 7 TO 19

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 735-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
HELLE PULLMANN ◽  
JÜRI ALLIK ◽  
RICHARD LYNN
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Sampling Error ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Maturation Process ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

The Standard Progressive Matrices test was standardized in Estonia on a representative sample of 4874 schoolchildren aged from 7 to 19 years. When the IQ of Estonian children was expressed in relation to British and Icelandic norms, both demonstrated a similar sigmoid relationship. The youngest Estonian group scored higher than the British and Icelandic norms: after first grade, the score fell below 100 and remained lower until age 12, and after that age it increased above the mean level of these two comparison countries. The difference between the junior school children and the secondary school children may be due to schooling, sampling error or different trajectories of intellectual maturation in different populations. Systematic differences in the growth pattern suggest that the development of intellectual capacities proceeds at different rates and the maturation process can take longer in some populations than in others.

Early manifestations and first-contact incidence of schizophrenia in different cultures: A preliminary report on the initial evaluation phase of the WHO Collaborative Study on Determinants of Outcome of Severe Mental Disorders

1986 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 909-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Sartorius ◽  
A. Jablensky ◽  
A. Korten ◽  
G. Ernberg ◽  
M. Anker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Symptom Profiles ◽  
Evaluation Phase ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
First Contact

SynopsisIn a context of a WHO collaborative study, 12 research centres in 10 countries monitored geographically defined populations over 2 years to identify individuals making a first-in-lifetime contact with any type of ‘helping agency’ because of symptoms of psychotic illness. A total of 1379 persons who met specified inclusion criteria for schizophrenia and other related non-affective disorders were examined extensively, using standardized instruments, on entry into the study and on two consecutive follow-ups at annual intervals. Patients in different cultures, meeting the ICD and CATEGO criteria for schizophrenia, were remarkably similar in their symptom profiles and 49% of them presented the central schizophrenic conditions as defined by CATEGO class S+. However, the 2-year pattern of course was considerably more favourable in patients in developing countries compared with patients in developed countries, and the difference could not be fully explained by the higher frequency of acute onsets among the former. Age- and sex-specific incidence rates and estimates of disease expectancy were determined for a ‘broad’ diagnostic group of schizophrenic illness and for CATEGO S+ cases. While the former showed significant differences among the centres, the differences in the rates for S+ cases were non-significant or marginal. The results provide strong support for the notion that schizophrenic illnesses occur with comparable frequency in different populations and support earlier findings that the prognosis is better in less industrialized societies.

Species composition and host range of fruit-infesting flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in northern Ghana

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (03) ◽  
pp. 137-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.B. Badii ◽  
M.K. Billah ◽  
K. Afreh-Nuamah ◽  
D. Obeng-Ofori
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Fruit Flies ◽  
Northern Ghana ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Wild Host ◽  
Fruit Samples

An important aspect of fruit fly management is accurate information on the species and their host spectrum. Studies were conducted between October 2011 and September 2013 to determine the host range and species diversity of pest fruit flies in the northern savannah ecology of Ghana. Fruit samples from 80 potential host plants (wild and cultivated) were collected and incubated for fly emergence; 65 (81.5%) of the plant species were positive to fruit flies. From records in Africa, 11 plant species were reported to be new hosts to the African invader fly,Bactrocera invadens(Drew, Tsuruta and White, 2005). This study documented the first records ofDacus ciliatus(Loew) andTrirhithrum nigerrimum(Bezzi) in northern Ghana although both species have been previously reported in other parts of the country. Infestation byB. invadenswas higher in the cultivated fruits;Ceratitis cosyradominated in most wild fruits. Cucurbitaceae were mainly infested by three species ofDacusandBactroceracucurbitae, a specialized cucurbit feeder. Among the commercial fruit species, the highest infestations were observed in mango, tomato, sweet pepper and watermelon, whereas marula plum, soursop, tropical almond, sycamore fig, African peach, shea nut, persimmon, icacina and albarillo dominated the wild host flora. The widespread availability of host plants and the incidence of diverse fly species in the ecology call for particular attention to their impact on commercial fruits and the development of sustainable management strategies against these economically important pests in Ghana.

scholarly journals A second rabbit kappa isotype.

1982 ◽  
Vol 156 (2) ◽  
pp. 585-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Benammar ◽  
P A Cazenave
Keyword(s):  
Light Chain ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Antigenic Determinants ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
B Locus ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Domestic Rabbits ◽  
Chain Type

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) from the rabbit strain Basilea was previously shown to contain two distinct populations of molecules one with light chain belonging to the known lambda isotype and the others to a new kappa-like L chain type. Alloantisera prepared against the Basilea IgG are directed against the kappa-like light chain (anti-bas antisera). All Basilea rabbits express kappa-like chains recognized by anti-bas sera, but IgG from other domestic rabbits did not react with these antisera. Genetic studies of wild rabbits belonging to different populations show that the bas+ phenotype could be found in heterozygous rabbits as well as those homozygous at the b locus. The gene encoding the bas+ light chain is closely linked to the b locus. Moreover, antigenic determinants recognized by anti-bas antibodies and antigenic determinants recognized by antibodies directed against allotypic determinants of the b series are located on distinct IgG molecules. These results show that there are two rabbit kappa isotypes: the kappa 1 isotype, bearing allotypic determinants of the b series, and the kappa 2 isotype, for which bas+ chain is one of the allotypic forms. The kappa 1 and kappa 2 isotypes are controlled by closely linked genes.

scholarly journals MOSCAS-DAS-FRUTAS (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE), SUAS PLANTAS HOSPEDEIRAS E PARASITOIDES (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE) NO NORTE DO ESTADO DE MATO GROSSO, BRASIL

Nativa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 513
Author(s):  
Michele Emily Souza da Silva ◽  
Michel Ariquenes Wochner ◽  
Maria do Socorro Miranda de Sousa ◽  
Marliton Rocha Barreto ◽  
Ricardo Adaime da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Fruit Flies ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Northern State ◽  
First Time ◽  
Plastic Containers

As moscas-das-frutas estão presentes em todas as regiões do Brasil e são responsáveis por grandes perdas econômicas em pomares comerciais. Este trabalho teve o objetivo de determinar a riqueza de espécies de moscas-das-frutas, suas respectivas plantas hospedeiras e seus parasitoides em municípios da região norte de Mato Grosso. Foram realizadas coletas de frutos de 34 espécies vegetais, de julho de 2016 a novembro de 2017. Os frutos coletados foram acondicionados em recipientes plásticos para observar a emergência das moscas-das-frutas e parasitoides. Foram obtidos 2.709 espécimes de moscas-das-frutas (cinco espécies) e 179 espécimes de parasitoides (três espécies). Este trabalho apresenta os primeiros registros de hospedeiros de moscas-das-frutas para o Mato Grosso. Adicionalmente, os parasitoides Utetes anastrephae Viereck e Asobara anastrephae (Muesebeck) são relatados pela primeira vez no Estado.Palavras-chave: Anastrepha; Ceratitis capitata; Relação tritrófica; Amazônia Meridional. FRUIT FLIES, THEIR HOST PLANTS AND PARASITOIDS IN THE NORTHERN STATE OF MATO GROSSO, BRAZIL ABSTRACT: Fruit flies are present in all regions of Brazil and are responsible for large economic losses in commercial orchards. This work aimed to determine the richness of fruit fly species, their host plants and their parasitoids in municipalities in the northern region of Mato Grosso. We collected fruits from 34 plant species, from July 2016 to November 2017. The collected fruits were packed in plastic containers to observe the emergence of fruit flies and parasitoids. We obtained 2,709 specimens of fruit flies (five species) and 179 specimens of parasitoids (three species). This work presents the first records of hosts of fruit flies for Mato Grosso. In addition, the parasitoids Utetes anastrephae Viereck and Asobara anastrephae (Muesebeck) are reported for the first time in the State.Keywords: Anastrepha; Ceratitis capitata; Tritrophic relationship; Southern Amazon.

Gelidium guimaraesiae sp. nov. (Gelidiaceae, Rhodophyta) from the Western Atlantic segregated from G. floridanum by morphological and molecular evidence

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 388 (4) ◽  
pp. 275 ◽  
Author(s):  
BEATRIZ BRUNELLI ◽  
DANIELA MILSTEIN ◽  
SUNG M. BOO ◽  
MUTUE T. FUJII
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Gelidium Floridanum ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
A New Species

The Gelidium species are susceptible to a great phenotypic plasticity. In this genus, studies integrating morphological and molecular data have been increasingly used to define species. To date nine Gelidium species are reported along the Brazilian coast. Gelidium floridanum is the most frequently recorded species in Brazilian but it is also often confused with morphologically similar species, especially in the field or when reproductive structures are absent. In this study we analyzed specimens from Brazil previously identified as G. floridanum based on the morphological and molecular data (cox1 and rbcL DNA sequences). Newly collected specimens from Brazil showed a DNA sequence divergence from G. floridanum in the order of 1.0–1.4% for rbcL and 4.2% for cox1, enough to be considered a new species, here described as Gelidium guimaraesiae sp. nov.

Atypical Fibroxanthoma

2016 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 376-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liurka López ◽  
Román Vélez
Keyword(s):  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Skin Tumor ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma ◽  
Atypical Fibroxanthoma ◽  
Pleomorphic Sarcoma ◽  
Malignant Skin ◽  
Abundant Cytoplasm ◽  
The Difference

Atypical fibroxanthoma is a malignant skin tumor with histologic features similar to those of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, but lacking its more aggressive behavior. The tumor is composed of pleomorphic cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and abundant cytoplasm, commonly arranged in a spindle cell pattern. Recent genetic studies have identified similarities between atypical fibroxanthoma and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, such as the presence of 9p and 13q deletions in both tumors, favoring a common histogenesis. However, the lack of K-ras and H-ras mutations in atypical fibroxanthoma compared with undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma could explain the difference in aggressiveness and continued separation of these entities. Exclusion of other neoplasms by histology and immunohistochemistry followed by complete surgical removal remains the standard of care.

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