scholarly journals Late Onset of Cerebellar Abiotrophy in a Boxer Dog

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Gumber ◽  
Doo-Youn Cho ◽  
Timothy W. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Immunohistochemical Staining ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Head Tilt ◽  
Neurological Signs ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Degenerative Disorder

Cerebellar abiotrophy is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system and has been reported in humans and animals. This case report documents clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical findings of cerebellar abiotrophy in an adult Boxer dog. A 3.5-year-old, female, tan Boxer dog presented with a six-week history of left-sided head tilt. Neurological examination and additional diagnostics during her three subsequent visits over 4.5 months revealed worsening of neurological signs including marked head pressing, severe proprioceptive deficits in all the four limbs, loss of menace response and palpebral reflex in the left eye, and a gradual seizure lasting one hour at her last visit. Based on the immunohistochemical staining for glial fibrillary acidic protein and histopathological examination of cerebellum, cerebellar cortical abiotrophy was diagnosed. This is the first reported case of cerebellar abiotrophy in a Boxer dog to our knowledge.

Hemangiosarcoma in skin, brain and spinal cord of a bitch – case report

2018 ◽  
Vol XXIII (134) ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
Felipe Noleto de Paiva ◽  
Vitor Eduardo Arantes de Barros ◽  
Eric Saymom Andrade Brito ◽  
Adilson Donizeti Damasceno
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Central Nervous System Involvement ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Neurological Signs ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
The Brain

Hemangiosarcoma is a neoplasm which originates from the vascular endothelium, presenting itself in two distinct forms, visceral and non-visceral. The visceral form occurs mainly in the spleen, with main foci of metastasis in the lungs, liver, omentum and mesentery, affecting the central nervous system in rare cases. The present study reports on a case of hemangiosarcoma in a bitch, with cutaneous and central nervous system involvement. The animal presented important neurological signs with an acute clinical evolution, and was submitted to euthanasia. Necroscopic examination revealed multiple cutaneous nodules and masses in the brain and spinal cord, which were submitted to histopathological examination. The final diagnosis was hemangiosarcoma.

scholarly journals Malignant Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Right Cerebellum: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-266
Author(s):  
Ye-Tao Zhu ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Li-Gang Chen ◽  
Da-Ping Song
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Solitary Fibrous Tumor ◽  
Immunohistochemical Staining ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Solitary Fibrous Tumors ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Fibrous Tumor ◽  
The Right

Solitary fibrous tumor is a very rare mesenchymal tumor that occurs mostly in the pleura, and there are few reported cases of a presence in the central nervous system, particularly in the cerebellum. In 2016, the WHO classified solitary fibrous tumors into grade I. In this article, we present a case of malignant solitary fibrous tumor recurring 8 years after surgery in a 63-year-old male. Magnetic resonance imaging showed low to intermediate mixed signal intensity on T1W1. Immunohistochemical staining positivity for Vimentin, CD99, CD34 and Bcl-2, it is consistent with the immunohistochemical characteristics of solitary fibrous tumor. We resected the patient’s tumor, and the patient was followed up for 3 months with no signs of recurrence. Solitary fibrous tumors are very rare in the central nervous system. Immunohistochemical staining positivity for CD34 and Bcl-2 is strongly expressed in most solitary fibrous tumor. Surgical resection is the preferred treatment. Due to the small number of cases, the biological behavior and prognosis of this tumor need to be further explored.

THE FAMILY HISTORY OF SPINA BIFIDA CYSTICA

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 589-595
Author(s):  
John Lorber
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Spina Bifida ◽  
Index Case ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Spina Bifida Cystica

1. The family histories of 722 infants who were born with spina bifida cystica were studied. 2. The index cases were referred for surgical treatment and were not selected in any way from the genetic point of view. 3. Intensive inquiries were made to obtain a complete family pedigree, including a prospective follow-up of siblings born after the index case. 4. Of 1,256 siblings 85 or 6.8% had gross malformation of the central nervous system: spina bifida cystica in 54, anencephaly in 22, and uncomplicated hydrocephalus in 9. 5. Of 306 children born after the index case 25 (8%) or 1 in 12 were affected. 6. There was a progressive increase in multiple cases in the family with increasing family size. In sibships of five or more, multiple cases occurred in 24.1%. 7. In 118 families cases of gross malformation of the central nervous system were known to have occurred among members of the family other than siblings. Cases occurred in three generations. 8. It is possible that spina bifida cystica might be a recessively inherited condition.

scholarly journals The life history of Hepatozoon leptodactyli (Lesage, 1908) Pessoa, 1970: a parasite of the common laboratory animal: the frog of the genus Leptodactylus

1973 ◽  
Vol 71 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvio Celso Goncalves da Costa ◽  
Samuel B. Pessoa ◽  
Neize de Moura Pereira ◽  
Tania Colombo
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Life History ◽  
Laboratory Animal ◽  
Peripheral Circulation ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Laboratory

The main object of the present paper is to furnish a brief account to the knowledgement of Protozoa parasitic in common Brazilian frog of the genus Leptodactylus for general students in Zoology and for investigators that use this frog as a laboratory animal. Hepatozoon leptodactyli (Haemogregarina leptodactyli) was found in two species of frogs - Leptodactylus ocellatus and L. pentadactylus - in which develop schizogony whereas sporogony occurs in the leech Haementeria lutzi as was obtainded in experimental conditions. Intracellular forms have been found in peripheral circulation, chiefly in erythrocytes, but we have found them in leukocytes too. Tissue stages were found in frog, liver, lungs, spleen, gut, brain and heart. The occurence of hemogregarine in the Central Nervous System was recorded by Costa & al,(13) and Ball (2). Some cytochemical methods were employed in attempt to differentiate gametocytes from trophozoites in the peripheral blood and to characterize the cystic membrane as well. The speorogonic cycle was developed in only one specie of leech. A brief description of the parasite is given.

scholarly journals Ecstasy-Associated Pneumomediastinum

2007 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana F Marasco ◽  
H Kiat Lim
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Physical Exertion ◽  
Pharmacological Effect ◽  
Valsalva Manoeuvre ◽  
The Hours ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Central Nervous System

INTRODUCTION Ecstasy, also known as MDMA (3,4, methylenedioxymethamphetamine), is a popular illicit party drug amongst young adults. The drug induces a state of euphoria secondary to its stimulant activity in the central nervous system. PATIENTS AND METHODS A database review at two major inner city hospitals was undertaken to identify patients presenting with pneumomediastinum and their charts reviewed. A Medline review of all reported cases of pneumomediastinum associated with ecstasy abuse was undertaken. RESULTS A total of 56 patients presenting with pneumomediastinum were identified over a 5-year period. Review of the charts revealed a history of ecstasy use in the hours prior to presentation in six of these patients, representing the largest series reported to date. CONCLUSIONS Review of previously reported cases reveals the likely mechanism is due to Valsalva manoeuvre during periods of extreme physical exertion, and not a direct pharmacological effect of the drug.

Risperidone in the Treatment of Pervasive Developmental Disorder

1994 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 400-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scot E. Purdon ◽  
Wilson Lit ◽  
Alain Labelle ◽  
Barry D.W. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Pervasive Developmental Disorder ◽  
Autistic Disorder ◽  
Developmental Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
High Likelihood ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Elevated concentrations of blood serotonin have been documented in autistic children and mentally retarded adults. Antiserotonergic pharmacotherapy has been partially effective in treating a subgroup of children with autistic disorder. Therefore, the possibility is raised that an antiserotonergic treatment may be of value to adult psychiatric patients with a history of pervasive developmental disorder. Two such cases are described where the patients underwent psychiatric and neuropsychological examination before and after treatment with risperidone, a potent 5-HT2 antagonist with additional D2 antagonistic properties. Particular improvements were documented in both patients, despite long histories of cognitive compromise and high likelihood of damage to the central nervous system.

Modern Blockbusters

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dieter Schmidt ◽  
Simon Shorvon
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Commercial Success ◽  
Good Fortune ◽  
Interesting Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Five modern antiepileptic drugs have reached the fabled blockbuster status (more than $1 billion sales per year), albeit for treatment of not only epilepsy but for other disorders of the central nervous system too. These drugs generated huge profits, and the chapter asks, how were they discovered and are they worth their money? The history of the five blockbusters—levetiracetam, lamotrigine, topiramate, gabapentin, and pregabalin—provides an interesting study of chance, science, wrong ideas, and finance, and most importantly luck. The discovery of the antiepileptic effects of some of these compounds was stumbled upon by simple good fortune, and others barely escaped an early demise during an unpromising early development. Despite the commercial success, no study has shown any of these drugs to be any more effective than older drugs, yet they made billions. This chapter examines how industry could do this and what the drivers are for success.

scholarly journals Cerebral Wegener’s Granuloma: Surgery Mandatory for Diagnosis and Treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Federico Nicolosi ◽  
Giovanni Nodari ◽  
Giannantonio Spena ◽  
Elena Roca ◽  
Karol Migliorati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Wegener Granulomatosis ◽  
Meningeal Involvement ◽  
Cerebrovascular Events ◽  
Immunosuppressed Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Wegener's Granuloma

The involvement of the central nervous system in case of Wegener granulomatosis (WG) is infrequent and usually leads to cranial nerve abnormalities, cerebrovascular events, and seizures. Meningeal involvement is quite rare and usually is due to the spreading from adjacent disease in the skull base. We described the case of a remote intraparenchymal Wegener’s granuloma in a 55-year-old man presenting with seizures and a history of severe generalized WG. The radiological findings were not useful for the diagnosis, and the pharmacological treatment was ineffective. The importance of a surgery in case of localized WG has been emphasized, in order to confirm the diagnosis and to avoid additional medicaments, like antiepileptic drugs, potentially harmful in immunosuppressed patients.

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