scholarly journals Age at Menarche and Related Factors in Girlsof Urban Areas of Markazi (Central) Province of Iran

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
ParvinDokht Bayat ◽  
Ali Ghanbari ◽  
Mozafar Khazaei ◽  
Rostam Ghorbani ◽  
Sara Amiri
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Central Province ◽  
Related Factors

HIV INFECTION AND SOME RELATED FACTORS IN FEMALE MASSAGE THERAPISTS IN QUANG NGAI PROVINCE

2015 ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
Xuan Chuong Tran ◽  
Thi Thanh Hoa Le ◽  
Ngoc Van Nguyen ◽  
Thanh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Keywords Hiv ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Massage Therapists

Background: HIV/AIDS is still a dangerous infection in Vietnam and in the world. Studying of HIV infection and related factors in high risk groups, including female massage therapists is therefore very important. Aims: 1. To study the HIV infection in female massage therapists in Quang Ngai province. 2. To fine some related factors to HIV infection. Patients and methods: Female massage therapists working in Quang Ngai province. Cross-sectional, descriptive study. Results: The rate of HIV infection was 0.99%. Group older than 22 years old had higher rate of infection than group under 22 years old (1.80% vs 0.69%). The girls from urban areas or not using condom had higher rate of infection than group from rural or not using condom (1.57% vs 0.47% and 7.32% vs. 0.57%). Most of HIV infected belong to single or divorce groups. Conclusions: The rate of HIV infection in female massage therapists in Quang Ngai province was 0.99%. The HIV infection related factor was not using condom in sexual contact. Keywords: HIV, female massage therapists, Quang Ngai

scholarly journals Urban-Rural Disparity of Generics Prescription in Taiwan: The Example of Dihydropyridine Derivatives

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Chen Hsu ◽  
Chia-Lin Chou ◽  
Shu-Chiung Chiang ◽  
Tzeng-Ji Chen ◽  
Li-Fang Chou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Antihypertensive Agents ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Medical Centers ◽  
Defined Daily Doses ◽  
Academic Medical ◽  
Generic Prescribing ◽  
Urban Rural

The aim of the current study was to investigate the urban-rural disparity of prescribing generics, which were usually cheaper than branded drugs, within the universal health insurance system in Taiwan. Data sources were the cohort datasets of National Health Insurance Research Database with claims data in 2010. The generic prescribing ratios of dihydropyridine (DHP) derivatives (the proportion of DHP prescribed as generics to all prescribed DHP) of medical facilities were examined against the urbanization levels of the clinic location. Among the total 21,606,914 defined daily doses of DHP, 35.7% belonged to generics. The aggregate generic prescribing ratio rose from 6.7% at academic medical centers to 15.3% at regional hospitals, 29.4% at community hospital, and 66.1% at physician clinics. Among physician clinics, the generic prescribing ratio in urban areas was 63.9 ± 41.0% (mean ± standard deviation), lower than that in suburban (69.6 ± 38.7%) and in rural (74.1% ± 35.3%). After adjusting the related factors in the linear regression model, generic prescribing ratios of suburban and rural clinics were significantly higher than those of urban clinics (β=0.043and 0.077;P=0.024and 0.008, resp.). The generic prescribing ratio of the most popular antihypertensive agents at a clinic was reversely associated with the urbanization level.

scholarly journals Undernutrition among Kenyan children: contribution of child, maternal and household factors

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1029-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constance A Gewa ◽  
Nanette Yandell
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Birth Size ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Child Undernutrition ◽  
Household Factors

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the contribution of selected child-, maternal- and household-related factors to child undernutrition across two different age groups of Kenyan under-5s.DesignDemographic and Health Survey data, multistage stratified cluster sampling methodology.SettingRural and urban areas of Kenya.SubjectsA total of 1851 children between the ages of 0 and 24 months and 1942 children between the ages of 25 and 59 months in Kenya.ResultsThirty per cent of the younger children were stunted, 13 % were underweight and 8 % were wasted. Forty per cent of the older children were stunted, 17 % were underweight and 4 % were wasted. Longer breast-feeding duration, small birth size, childhood diarrhoea and/or cough, poor maternal nutritional status and urban residence were associated with higher odds of at least one form of undernutrition, while female gender, large birth size, up-to-date immunization, higher maternal age at first birth, BMI and education level at the time of the survey and higher household wealth were each associated with lower odds of at least one form of undernutrition among Kenyan children. The more proximal child factors had the strongest impact on the younger group of children while the intermediate and more distal maternal and household factors had the strongest impact on child undernutrition among the older group of children.ConclusionsThe present analysis identifies determinants of undernutrition among two age groups of Kenyan pre-school children and demonstrates that the contribution of child, maternal and household factors on children's nutritional status varies with children's age.

Nutritional status and its health-related factors among older adults in rural and urban areas

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Hui Chen ◽  
Hsin-Yi Cheng ◽  
Yeu-Hui Chuang ◽  
Jung-Hua Shao
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Health Related

scholarly journals Study of the post tuberculosis lung diseases and the impact of various patient and disease related factors on its occurrence

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1241
Author(s):  
Jayasri Helen Gali ◽  
Harsha Vardhana Varma ◽  
Aruna Kumari Badam
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Restrictive Lung Disease ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
The Impact

Background: More than fifty percent of the cured cases of pulmonary tuberculosis develop some form of chronic pulmonary dysfunction. It can present with varying degrees of lung damage, ranging from minimum functional abnormalities to severe forms of dysfunction that can be an important cause of death. Objective of the study to identify the various Post Tuberculosis Lung Diseases (PTBLDs) and to study impact of the patient and disease related factors on its occurrence.Methods: Cross-sectional, observational study was conducted in 134 adult, post tuberculosis patients, aged between 18-65 years, who have completed at least one year after the end of anti-tubercular treatment. All symptomatic post TB lung disease patients coming to the pulmonology out-patient clinic at the Apollo Institute of Medical sciences and Research were included in the study.Results: Majority were more than 50 years (35.3%) and males (59.4%). Majority were from urban areas (70.7%), low social class (72.2%), and unskilled workers (56.4%). Most common symptom was cough in 74.4% cases. Majority of the cases had symptoms from one week to one month i.e. 47.4%. Only eight cases were found out to be very prompt in reporting their symptoms. 39 cases had some or the other co-morbidity. Current chest X-ray status was normal in only three cases. Mean FEV1 was 1.38 which increased to 1.52; mean FVC was 1.23 which increased to 1.58; mean FEV1/FVC was 67.37 which increased to 72.76 after giving the bronchodilator. 78(58.6%) cases had obstructive and 27(20.3%) had restrictive lung disease. In 30 cases the disease was reversible. Majority of the cases were of pulmonary fibrosis followed by bronchiectasis.Conclusion: Further studies are needed to develop approaches for the prevention, care and treatment of patients with post TBLD.

scholarly journals A study to determine age at menarche in adolescent school girls of Indore city, M. P. India

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
Dr. Sunita Solanki ◽  
◽  
Dr. Ajay Soni ◽  
Dr. Vesti Randa ◽  
Dr. Ramkrishna Choudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Order ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Economic Status ◽  
School Girls ◽  
The Mean

Background: Menarche is a significant milestone in women's life. It affects the reproductive healthand well being of women. This study aims to find out the age at menarche of adolescent girls ofIndore city and its relation to various factors. Method: This was a cross-sectional study conductedin six schools of urban areas of Indore city the study group included 492 school girls of age 11 to 18years. After taking written informed consent from the parents, data was collected on the date ofbirth, family size, birth order, dietary intake, social-economic status, menarcheal age.Anthropometric measurements were done and data was analyzed. Results: Mean age at menarchewas found to be 13.2+1.24 years. It was found to be significantly associated with socioeconomicstatus, BMI and birth order. Conclusion: The mean age at menarche in this study is comparable tothat found in other Indian studies. It is found to be significantly associated with BMI andsocioeconomic status of the girls

scholarly journals Biopsychosocial factors associated to self-percepted sleep function in Brazilian elderly people: analysis of a national survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnnatas Mikael Lopes ◽  
Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Emotional Behavior ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT: Background: Sleep is a dimension of well-being and health. Non-restful sleep is related to health dysfunctions, especially in vulnerable populations, considering that related factors change contextually. Thus, the objective of the present study was to measure the magnitude of the reduction in sleep restorative function (SRF) and related biopsychosocial factors in Brazilian elderly. Method: Secondary data from the 2013 National Health Survey of cross-sectional design were analyzed. The sample consisted of individuals as from 60 years old. The outcome considered was the prevalence of reduced self-perceived sleep restorative function (SRF). Health and sleep characteristics, emotional behavior, lifestyle, social support, and urbanization were all investigated. The association with outcome was measured with the prevalence ratio (PR) and estimated with Cox regression, assuming α ≤ 0.05. Results: SRF was reduced by 29.2% (95%CI 27.2 - 30.6%). It is related to depression (PR = 3.37; 95%CI 2.87 - 3.97), insomnia/sleepiness (PR = 2.45; 95%CI 2.14 - 2.79); behavioral oscillation (PR = 1.75; 95%CI 1.53 - 1.99), negative health perception (PR = 1.50; 95%CI 1.23 - 1.82), computer and internet (PR = 1.44; 95%CI 1.01 - 2.07) and functional difficulty (PR = 1.13; 95%CI 1.01 - 1.27). Living in urban areas (PR = 1.32; 95%CI 1.14 - 1.52) and having a chronic condition (PR = 1.58; 95%CI 1.11 - 2.40) were only associated to the worst situation of reduced SRF. Conclusion: The reduction in SRF affects one third of the elderly in Brazil and is closely related to biopsychosocial factors, requiring intersectoral public health promotion approaches.

scholarly journals Mental Distress in Rural Areas of Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azam David Saifullah ◽  
Nur Latifah ◽  
Eria Riski Artanti ◽  
Kadek Dewi Cahyani ◽  
Umi Rahayu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
National Level ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Elderly Male ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: There is a higher prevalence of mental distress in rural areas compared to urban areas in Indonesia. The rural areas of Indonesia have various socio-demographic and sophisticated cultural characteristics, but less exposed to foreign cultures. Thus, the study about the prevalence, associated factors, and predictors of mental distress in rural areas is necessary.Purpose: This study aimed to identify the population's status and related factors of mental distress in rural areas in Indonesia.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to achieve the aims of the study. An Indonesian version of the Self-Rated Questionnaire, consisting of 20 items, was used to measure mental distress status of population in rural areas in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. A number of 872 records were included and analyzed using both univariate and bivariate analyses in this study.Results: The prevalence of mental distress in this population was 6%. The correlated factors of mental distress were age (χ2=6.93, p=0.01), gender (χ2=0.07, p=0.03), occupation (χ2=0.26, p=0.02), housing dimension (χ2=5.45, p=0.02), and illness status (χ2=0.01, p<0.01).Conclusion: The prevalence of mental distress in rural areas of Indonesia is relatively lower than that of the national level. Future mental health programs may be focused on improving mental health on the elderly, male, vulnerable workers, overcrowded housing, and people who got a chronic illness.

scholarly journals Association between subjective olfactory dysfunction and female hormone-related factors in South Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kijeong Lee ◽  
In Hak Choi ◽  
Sang Hag Lee ◽  
Tae Hoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Female Hormone ◽  
Endogenous Oestrogen ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Duration Of Breastfeeding ◽  
Oestrogen Deprivation

AbstractAn association between olfactory dysfunction and female hormone level has been reported; however, no previous studies have investigated the correlation with life-long female hormone exposure. The aim of this study was to estimate the association between subjective olfactory dysfunction and various endogenous and exogenous female hormone-related factors including age at menarche and menopause, number of pregnancies and deliveries, age at first and last delivery, duration of breastfeeding, use of oral contraceptives, and use of hormone therapy. The study analysed a total of 3863 female participants using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V (2010–2012). The prevalence of olfactory dysfunction was 3.5% for premenopausal participants and 6.2% for postmenopausal women. Among premenopausal women (compared to women breastfed less than 12 months), the 12–24-month group (OR = 4.690, 95% CI = 1.431–15.369) and the 25–48-month group (OR = 6.548, 95% CI = 1.758–24.394) had higher rates of olfactory dysfunction. In postmenopausal women, starting menopause at a younger age was positively associated with olfactory dysfunction (OR = 0.939, 95% CI = 0.887–0.993). These data suggest that a longer duration of endogenous oestrogen deprivation is associated with subjective olfactory dysfunction.

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