High Temperature Laminate Characterization

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 146-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Shaddock ◽  
Liang Yin
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Peel Strength ◽  
Insulation Resistance ◽  
Life Testing ◽  
Cyclic Life ◽  
Surface Insulation Resistance ◽  
Mean Lifetime ◽  
The Mean

Characterization and modeling of high-temperature laminates for application at 200–250°C is reported to compare and better quantify the mean lifetime based on key functional parameters of via cycling, weight loss, peel strength, and surface insulation resistance (SIR). Life testing and models are applied for via cyclic life, peel strength, and weight loss. Five high-temperature laminates, consisting of three polyimides and two nonpolyimides, were evaluated. The polyimide laminates behaved similarly in via, weight loss, peel strength, and SIR testing with small variances. The nonpolyimides performed longer in via and weight loss. They degraded more rapidly than the polyimides in peel strength and failed in SIR, due to its flame retardant. A comparison of lifetime among the five laminates is presented.

High Temperature Laminate Characterization

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (HITEC) ◽  
pp. 000235-000245
Author(s):  
David Shaddock ◽  
Liang Yin
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Peel Strength ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Mean Lifetime ◽  
The Mean

Printed circuit boards have been reported to have limited lifetime at 200 to 250°C. Characterization and modeling high temperature laminates for application at 200 to 250°C was conducted to better quantify the mean lifetime using accelerated testing of key functional parameters. Life testing and model development was applied for via cyclic life, peel strength, and weight loss. Four high temperature laminates consisting of 2 types were evaluated. Via lifetime was characterization using Interconnect Stress Test (IST) coupons. Peel strength was tested using IPC IPC-TM-650 method 2.4.8c. Weight loss was characterized using isothermal aging. Comparison of lifetime is made between the laminate samples.

Reliability of High Temperature Laminates

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (HiTEN) ◽  
pp. 000100-000110 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Shaddock ◽  
Liang Yin
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Peel Strength ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
Cyclic Life ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Surface Insulation Resistance

Printed circuit boards have been reported to have limited lifetime at 200 to 250°C. Characterization of high temperature laminates for application at 200 to 250°C was conducted to better quantify their lifetime using accelerated testing of key functional parameters. Eight high temperature laminates consisting of 3 material types was evaluated. Life testing was applied for via cyclic life, weight loss, peel strength, and surface insulation resistance. Via lifetime was characterization using Interconnect Stress Test (IST) coupons. Weight loss was measured at intervals during the life of the tests. Peel strength was tested using IPC IPC-TM-650 method 2.4.8c. Weight loss was characterized using isothermal aging. Comparison of lifetime is made between the laminate samples. The non-polyimide laminates exhibited the longer life times than polyimide laminates in most tests except peel strength. Peel strength is the life limiting parameter for the laminates. Parylene HT was found to improve stability in peel strength and weight loss of one PTFE laminate tested.

High Temperature Potting Materials for Wire Bond Encapsulation

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (HiTEC) ◽  
pp. 000061-000065
Author(s):  
David Shaddock ◽  
Liang Yin
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Insulation Resistance ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Initial Screening ◽  
Wire Bond ◽  
Wire Bonds

Abstract Test results for a range of potting materials for encapsulation of wire bonds for a high temperature multi-chip module is presented. The potting materials include gels and more rigid epoxies, silicone, and silicone-ceramic materials. The materials were initially screened based on ease of processing, cracking, and weight loss at 200, 225, and 250°C. Materials that performed well after this initial screening were tested for insulation resistance at 200, 225, and 250°C and wire bonds were encapsulated for thermal cycled at −55 to 200°C and −55 to 250°C.

Research of Mechanism of Fire Protection with Wood Lacquer

2020 ◽  
Vol 1006 ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
Yuriy Tsapko ◽  
Vasyl Lomaha ◽  
Olga P. Bondarenko ◽  
Maryna Sukhanevych
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Thermal Exposure ◽  
Burning Index ◽  
Loss Of Mass

The effect of the composition on the weight loss of wood protected by a coating based on inorganic and organic substances in the process of thermal exposure, which is a feature of the study of the flame retardant effectiveness of the composition, is investigated. The solution of this problem is carried out by specially developed methods. The influence of fire protection under the influence of high-temperature heat flux on the change in the process of loss of mass of fire-protected wood is determined and the mechanism of kinetics of action of the composition is characterized, which is characterized by a decrease in the speed of flame propagation and mass loss. The results of thermogravimetric studies determined the weight loss of the coatings as a function of temperature, the results of which investigated the activation energy at the temperature decomposition of the coatings and found that for wood it was 36.56 kJ / mol, and in the case of fire protection it increased 2.3 times. which makes it possible to conclude that it is advisable to use lacquer varnish to improve the fire retardant efficiency of wood. Thus, for the specimen of fire-retardant lacquer wood, there is a gradual decrease in temperature, ie, the work of the coating is fixed, and, accordingly, the activation energy is increased during the decomposition of the wood. In order to establish the flame retardant efficiency in the application of high-temperature blowing lacquer, studies were conducted to determine the combustibility index of wood by mass loss, flame spread and temperature increase of flue gases and found that when processing wood goes to the group of combustible materials with a burning index.

Temperature Dependences in the O + OH → O2 + H Reaction. Quasiclassical Trajectory Calculation

1993 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viliam Klimo ◽  
Martina Bittererová ◽  
Stanislav Biskupič ◽  
Ján Urban ◽  
Miroslav Micov
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Energy Surface ◽  
Analytical Form ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Quantum Numbers ◽  
Mean Lifetime ◽  
Temperature Dependences ◽  
Quasiclassical Trajectory Calculation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Combustion Processes

The reaction O + OH → O2 + H in conditions of combustion of hydrocarbons and polymers was modelled by using the method of quasiclassical trajectories. The potential energy surface was determined by the multiconfiguration interaction method and fitted with the analytical form of the extended LEPS function. Attention was paid to the mean values of the vibrational and rotational quantum numbers of O2 molecules and their temperature dependence. The temperature dependence of the mean lifetime of the OOH collision complex was also examined. The calculated rate constants were analyzed and compared with the experimental data over the temperature region of the combustion processes.

Oxa-Michael polyaddition of vinylsulfonylethanol for aliphatic polyethersulfones

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Ziegenbalg ◽  
Ruth Lohwasser ◽  
Giovanni D’Andola ◽  
Torben Adermann ◽  
Johannes Christopher Brendel
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Chemical Resistance ◽  
High Refractive Index ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Interesting Class ◽  
The Common ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties

Polyethersulfones are an interesting class of polymers for industrial applications due to their unusual properties such as a high refractive index, flame-retardant properties, high temperature and chemical resistance. The common...

Five-year Outcomes of Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Prospective Multicenter study

2021 ◽  
pp. 000313482199198
Author(s):  
Imad El Moussaoui ◽  
Etienne Van Vyve ◽  
Hubert Johanet ◽  
André Dabrowski ◽  
Arnaud Piquard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Excess Weight Loss ◽  
Prospective Multicenter Study ◽  
Weight Loss Failure ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Predictors Of Weight Loss

Background Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is the most frequently performed bariatric procedure in the world. Our purpose was to evaluate the percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL), resolution of obesity-related comorbidities after SG, and identify predictive factors of weight loss failure. Methods A prospective cohort study of adults who underwent SG during 2014 in 7 Belgian-French centers. Their demographic, preoperative, and postoperative data were prospectively collected and analyzed statistically. Results Overall, 529 patients underwent SG, with a mean preoperative weight and body mass index (BMI) of 118.9 ± 19.9 kg and 42.9 ± 5.5 kg/m2, respectively. Body mass index significantly decreased to 32.2 kg/m2 at 5 years ( P < .001). The mean %EWL was 63.6% at 5 years. A significant reduction in dyslipidemia (28.0%-18.2%), obstructive sleep apnea (OSAS) (34.6%-25.1%), and arterial hypertension (HTN) (30.4%-21.5%) was observed after 5 years, but not for diabetes and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). At multivariate analysis, age >50 years old, BMI >50 kg/m2, and previous laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) remained independent predictors of weight loss failure. Conclusions Five years after SG, weight loss was satisfactory; the reduction of comorbidities was significant for dyslipidemia, OSAS, and HTN, but not diabetes and GERD. Age >50 years old, BMI >50 kg/m2, and previous LAGB were independent predictors of weight loss failure.

scholarly journals Fire-Safe Polymer Composites: Flame-Retardant Effect of Nanofillers

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 540
Author(s):  
Yukyung Kim ◽  
Sanghyuck Lee ◽  
Hyeonseok Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Fire Performance ◽  
Gaseous Species ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Temperature Conditions

Currently, polymers are competing with metals and ceramics to realize various material characteristics, including mechanical and electrical properties. However, most polymers consist of organic matter, making them vulnerable to flames and high-temperature conditions. In addition, the combustion of polymers consisting of different types of organic matter results in various gaseous hazards. Therefore, to minimize the fire damage, there has been a significant demand for developing polymers that are fire resistant or flame retardant. From this viewpoint, it is crucial to design and synthesize thermally stable polymers that are less likely to decompose into combustible gaseous species under high-temperature conditions. Flame retardants can also be introduced to further reinforce the fire performance of polymers. In this review, the combustion process of organic matter, types of flame retardants, and common flammability testing methods are reviewed. Furthermore, the latest research trends in the use of versatile nanofillers to enhance the fire performance of polymeric materials are discussed with an emphasis on their underlying action, advantages, and disadvantages.

scholarly journals On the Absoluteness of Time

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Carmine Cataldo
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Solutions ◽  
Relativistic Corrections ◽  
Mean Lifetime ◽  
The Mean

This paper aims to qualitatively summarize the results up until now obtained in investigating the compatibility between the absoluteness of time and several well-known phenomena, such as the alleged increase of the mean lifetime of muons and the so-called relativistic corrections for GPS, whose explanation is commonly provided by resorting to Einstein’s Relativity. To make the discussion more flowing, we have herein preferred to completely avoid the writing of equations. All the analytical solutions, as well as several explicative figures, can be found in the first six articles cited in the references, drafted by the same author of this manuscript.

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